No abstract available.
Anesthesia* ; Renal Circulation*

BACKGROUND: Pulsatile pumps for extracorporeal circulation have been known to be better for tissue perfusion than non-pulsatile pumps but be detrimental to blood corpuscles. This study is intended to examine the risks and benefits of T-PLS(TM) through the comparison of clinical effects of T-PLS(TM) (pulsatile pump) and Bio-pump(TM) (non-pulsatile pump) used for coronary bypass surgery. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The comparison was made on 40 patients who had coronary bypass using T-PLS(TM) and Bio-pump(TM) (20 patients for each) from April 2003 to June 2005. All of the surgeries were operated on pump beating coronary artery bypass graft using cardiopulmonary extra-corporeal circulation. Risk factors before surgery and the condition during surgery and the results were compared. RESULT: There was no significant difference in age, gender ratio, and risk factors before surgery such as history of diabetes, hypertension, smoking, obstructive pulmonary disease, coronary infarction, and renal failure between the two groups. Surgery duration, hours of heart-lung machine operation, used shunt and grafted coronary branch were little different between the two groups. The two groups had a similar level of systolic arterial pressure, diastolic arterial pressure and mean arterial pressure, but pulse pressure was measured higher in the group with T-PLS(TM) (46+/-15 mmHg in T-PLS(TM) vs 35+/-13 mmHg in Bio-pump(TM), p<0.05). The T-PLS(TM)-operated patients tended to produce more urine volume during surgery, but the difference was not statistically significant (9.7+/-3.9 cc/min in T-PLS(TM) vs 8.9+/-3.6 cc/min in Bio-pump(TM), p=0.20). There was no significant difference in mean duration of respirator usage and 24-hour blood loss after surgery between the two groups. Plasma free Hb was measured lower in the group with T-PLS(TM) (24.5+/-21.7 mg/dL in T-PLS(TM) versus 46.8+/-23.0 mg/dL in Bio-pump(TM), p<0.05). There was no significant difference in coronary infarction, arrhythmia, renal failure and morbidity rate of cerebrovascular disease. There was a case of death after surgery (death rate of 5%) in the group tested with T-PLS(TM), but the death rate was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Coronary bypass was operated with T-PLS(TM) (Pulsatile flow pump) using a heart-lung machine. There was no unexpected event caused by mechanical error during surgery, and the clinical process of the surgery was the same as the surgery for which Bio-pump(TM) was used. In addition, T-PLS(TM) used surgery was found to be less detrimental to blood corpuscles than the pulsatile flow has been known to be. Authors of this study could confirm the safety of T-PLS(TM).
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Arterial Pressure ; Blood Cells ; Blood Pressure ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; Extracorporeal Circulation ; Heart-Lung Machine ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Infarction ; Lung Diseases, Obstructive ; Mortality ; Perfusion* ; Plasma ; Pulsatile Flow ; Renal Insufficiency ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Transplants ; Ventilators, Mechanical

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the renal function by investigating the relationship among serum cystatin C, serum creatinine, creatinine clearance and the average of bilateral ERPF (effective renal plasma flow) ratio of the MAG3 renal scan for the spinal cord injured patients. METHOD: Seventy-one spinal cord injured patients who admitted to our department were evaluated from January 2004 to October 2004. Blood samples and 24-hour urine of all the subjects were collected for measuring serum cystatin C, serum creatinine and creatinine clearance. MAG3 renal scan was done for 47 subjects. Regression analysis and Pearson's correlation methods were utilized for statistical analysis. RESULTS: There was significant correlation between 1/cystatin C and creatinine clearance (p<0.001) and the correlation coefficient between 1/cystatin C vs. creatinine clearance (R= 0.552) was bigger than that between 1/creatinine and creatinine clearance (R=0.329). The reciprocal of cystatin C was positively correlated with the average of bilateral ERPF ratio of MAG3 renal scan (p=0.01), while there was no significant correlation between 1/creatinine and the average of bilateral ERPF ratio. CONCLUSION: Measurement of serum cystatin C is a useful and convenient method for the evaluation of renal function in spinal cord injured patients.
Creatinine ; Cystatin C* ; Humans ; Plasma ; Renal Plasma Flow, Effective ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; Spinal Cord*

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of traditional classical compound Wulingsan on renal hemodynamic in rats with adriamycin (ADR)-induced nephrosis.

METHODAfter establishing a model of rats with adriamycin-induced nephrosis, we administrated wulin-san to the ADR rats via oral gavage for four weeks and measured mean arterial blood preasure (MABP) with manometer. Renal clearance of paraaminohippuric acid (PAH) and inulin were detected, then renal plasma flow (RPF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were calculated. Renal vascular resistance (RVR) was calculated as the division of MABP by RPF. Renal endothelin (ET) and angiotensin II (Ang II) were detected with radioimmunity assay kits, and nitrous oxide (NO) was detected with biochemical kits.

RESULTThere was no significant change of GFR in ARD rats, but RPF and NO were decreased, which accompanied by enhanced RVR, ET and Ang II. RPF was increased in the administrated rats, in company with RVR, ET and Ang II decreased, whereas NO was not influenced after the administration.

CONCLUSIONWulingsan can improve the renal hemodynamic in ADR rats, at least in part by modulating the levels of vasoactive factor.

Angiotensin II ; metabolism ; Animals ; Doxorubicin ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Endothelins ; metabolism ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; drug effects ; Kidney ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Nephrosis ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Nitrous Oxide ; metabolism ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Renal Circulation ; drug effects ; Renal Plasma Flow ; drug effects ; Vascular Resistance ; drug effects

OBJECTIVE: To analyze association between urodynamic study (UDS) parameters and renal function in spinal cord injured (SCI) patients with neurogenic detrusor overactivity. METHODS: Patients with a suprasacral SCI, who underwent UDS and radioisotope renogram at least twice between January 1, 2006 and January 31, 2013, were included. UDS (cystometric capacity, reflex volume, compliance, and maximal detrusor pressure) and radioisotope renogram (total effective renal plasma flow [ERPF] of both kidneys) data were collected. The following were conducted to reanalyze any association between reflex volume and ERPF: initial and follow-up results of consecutive evaluations were compared; a mixed-model regression analysis to account for clustered data was conducted to evaluate the association between UDS parameters and ERPF; and finally, a mixed-model analysis type 3 test with data pairs, of which the first evaluation showed involuntary detrusor contraction. RESULTS: A total of 150 patients underwent 390 evaluations which were arranged into 240 pairs of consecutive evaluations, of which 171 had first evaluations with observed involuntary detrusor contraction. The following results were obtained: cystometric capacity was significantly larger and maximal detrusor pressure was significantly lower on follow-up; on univariate analysis, reflex volume and maximal detrusor pressure were significant, and multivariate analysis using these two parameters showed that maximal detrusor pressure is significantly associated with total ERPF; and no significant differences were observed. CONCLUSION: Maximal detrusor pressure should be closely monitored in the urologic management of neurogenic detrusor overactivity in SCI patients. The results also may serve as a reference for regular UDS follow-up.
Compliance ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Multivariate Analysis ; Reflex ; Renal Plasma Flow ; Renal Plasma Flow, Effective ; Spinal Cord ; Spinal Cord Injuries* ; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic ; Urodynamics*

Renal blood flow was measured by single injection technique of HippuranI13 in 13 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and 11 control subjects. There was a significant decrease in renal blood flow in chronic glomerulonephritis particulary in those with elevated blood urea nitrogen. Renal blood flow was inversely proportionate to renal vascular resistance but no correlation was noted between renal blood flow and creatinine clearance.
Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Creatinine ; Glomerulonephritis* ; Humans ; Renal Circulation* ; Vascular Resistance

In an attempt to obtain evidence in the mechanism of stone formation, the effectiveness of Amiloride. a K-sparing diuretic known to act on the distal nephron. on the kidney with oxamide-induced urolithiasis was investigated. Futhermore. the influence of stone formation on the distribution of intrarenal blood flow and the effect of Amiloride on them were also studied. Most prominent derangements of renal function observed during stone formation were decreases of both C(PAH) and C(cr) indicating the curtailment in renal hemodynamics. The oxamide-treated kidney also responded to Amiloride with typical natriuresis and antikaluresis. in the same fashion with normal kidneys. The experiments in which the intrarenal blood flow distribution was measured by PAH-extraction technique raveled that mainly the cortical blood flow was curtailed, whereas non-cortical blood flow (medullary flow) did not change during oxamide-stone formation. Amiloride did not influence the intrarenal b100d flow distribution both in normal and oxamide kidneys. These observations suggest that oxamide-stone formation was initiated not by tubular necrosis produced by the toxic action of oxalate on the tubules, but rather by mechanical obstruction of the tubules.
Amiloride* ; Hemodynamics ; Kidney* ; Natriuresis ; Necrosis ; Nephrons ; Renal Circulation ; Urolithiasis

In this study, effects of the intraventricular and intravenous dimethylphenylpiperazinium (DMPP) on the renal function of rabbits were investigated. Intraventricular DMPP (100 microgram) elicited diuresis following antidiuresis concomitant with the changes in renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate and urinary excretory amount of electrolytes (Na and K). The changes in urine flow correlated with the changes in renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate and excretory rates of electrolytes in urine. Intravenous DMPP (50 microgram/kg) did not affect the renal function.
Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide ; Diuresis ; Electrolytes ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Rabbits* ; Renal Circulation

Aiming at the current situation of performance testing of hemodialysis extracorporeal circulation tubing, which has slow efficiency, inaccurate measurement, and inconvenient testing, a portable detection system for testing the performance of hemodialysis extracorporeal circulation tubing is designed. The system mainly includes a hardware system and a software system. The hardware system uses STM32F407 single-chip microcomputer as the core to design the driving control of the roller pump; the software system uses the C++ real-time operating system, and the flow detection data is transmitted to the upper computer through RS485 communication and displayed. Experimental showed that the system detects the accuracy and the stability of the flow rate. It has the characteristics of stability and high precision. The relative error of the experimental measurement is within the range of ±10%. The weight of the whole machine is 2 kg, which improves the efficiency by 50% compared with the traditional detection method.
Computers ; Equipment Design ; Extracorporeal Circulation ; Microcomputers ; Renal Dialysis ; Software

PURPOSE: Recent development in ultrasonic Doppler instrumentation have allowed the direct noninvasive assessment of human renal artery blood flow. The authors conducted this study to assess noninvasive characterization of normal renal artery blood flow variables hopping to establish standards in normal children. METHODS: A total 97 normal Subjects(below the age 3 years) were examinated using by 2-D and doppler echocardiography. RESULTS: 1) Renal artery diameter increased with age and no difference was found between the Rt and Lt. 2) Renal blood flow increased with but the rate of increase was not constant in a 11 children, the older the children, the more variences were found in renal blood flow and no difference was noted between the Rt and Lt. 3) Pourcelot's index was not significantly different among 3 groups not between the Rt and Lt. 4) Renal artery diameter, renal arterial flow velocity integral, renal blood flow per minutes correlated with age, weight, height body surface area and weigh had the highest correlation among the physical variables. CONCLUSIONS: Authors are reporting normal renal blood flow variables in children and we hope it will be helpful for evaluationg renal hemodynamic changes.
Body Surface Area ; Child* ; Echocardiography, Doppler ; Hemodynamics ; Hope ; Humans ; Humulus ; Renal Artery ; Renal Circulation* ; Ultrasonics