ObjectiveTo observe the therapeutic effect offluconazole and Yupingfeng dection for the treatment of deep candidiasis in mice.MethodsSet up the model of deep candidiasis in mice.Survival time,devour rate and content of NO,TNF-α are observed.ResultsIn non-immunosuppressive condition,the survival time of Fluconazole and unit group was separately (9.10± 1.43) day and (9.20± 1.62)day.They had significant difference comparing with model group(8.00± 1.63)d.The content of NO,TNF and pp of Yupingfeng dection and unit group were (90.00±4.50)μmol/L,(0.52±0.05)nmol/L,(40.20±2.60)％ and (89.90±4.20) μmol/L,(0.45 ±0.05) nmol/L,(40.50±2.50) ％ separately.In immunosuppressive condition the survival time and content of NO TNF,pp of Yupingfeng dection and unit group had significance difference comparing with model group,which were (7.90 ± 1.86) day,(83.90± 4.10) μmol/L,(0.72 ± 0.05) nmol/L,(39.90±2.80) and (8.4± 1.91) day,(83.50 ±4.20) μmol/L,(0.52 ±0.04)nmol/L,(39.20± 1.90)％ separately,they had significant difference comparing with model group(6.40± 1.90)d,(86.60±3.80)μmol/L,(4.22±0.23)nmol/L,(25.30±2.30)％.ConclusionYupingfeng dection had an effect for the treatment of deep candidiasis in mice particularly for the immunosuppressive mice.The combination of Yupingfeng dection and fluconazole can boost the therapeutic effect and its mechanism may be related to the immunoregulation.

Disorders of sex development (DSD) is the newly proposed nomenclature to indicate congenital conditions with atypical development of chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomic sex. This is a case of a 29 year old 46 XY with primary amenorrhea, male stature, absent breasts, absent uterus, clitoromegaly, blind ending vagina, elevated FSH and LH and male testosterone level. Differential diagnosis is discussed and a diagnosis of Partial Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome and 5 alpha reductase deficiency are hypothesized. The patient underwent surgical and hormonal management to fulfill her female gender identity.
Human ; Female ; Adult ; DISORDERS OF SEX DEVELOPMENT ; ANDROGEN-INSENSITIVITY SYNDROME ; PSEUDOVAGINAL PERINEOSCROTAL HYPOSPADIAS

Child Development ; Female ; Humans ; Infant Behavior ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Touch

OBJECTIVE: To construct a library of the multi-components of Radix Paeoniae Sinjiangensis and explore the methods for its separation and characterization.

Objective To explore the relationship between quality life and TCM constitutions of elderly patients with hypertension in a community in Shanghai; To provide the basis for the suitable and feasible community elderly hypertension management method. Methods Through multistage stratified sampling method, 808 elderly patients with hypertension in the community were investigated for their life quality and TCM constitutions on the basis of inform consent and voluntary participation. The life quality and TCM constitution characteristics as well as the relationship were analyzed by applying the statistic analysis software. Results Among the investigated elderly patients with hypertension in the community, 97.28% cases’ overall life quality was above the middle level and 91.46% cases’ self-evaluated health and quality of life scores were above the middle level. 54.70% cases were gentleness type, and the biased constitution was dominated by qi deficiency, yang asthenia, yin asthenia and phlegmatic hygrosis. The relationship between life quality and TCM constitutions may be existent. If TCM constitutions tended to be gentleness type, the physical score and the psychological score would be higher, which leaded to better quality of life. Conclusion TCM constitution characteristics are associated with quality life of elderly hypertension patients in the community. Intervention targeted on the results of TCM constitution identification would be better to prevent and control hypertension and improve health level and quality of life.

Objective To study the reliability and validity of an aphasia battery of Uighur (ABU).Methods The Chinese Aphasia Battery (ABC) was translated into Uighur.Appropriate adaptation was made according to the features of Uyghur language,but the overall structure was unchanged.Three rounds of comments and revisions were conducted by experts and the ABU was back-translated into Chinese after language adjustment and pretesting.The ABU was then applied to evaluating 104 cases of stroke aphasia among Uighur speakers,among which 30 cases were retested one week later.The construct validity,internal reliability,retest reliability and splithalf reliability of the scale were tested using factor analysis and Spearman rank correlation analysis.Results The discrepancy between the original and back-translated ABC was less than 10％.The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value was 0.917 and the p value of the Bartlett's test for sphericity was ≤0.005.Three common factors were extracted using principal component analysis with a varimax orthogonal rotation:a writing factor;and a listening comprehension factor.Together they explained a total of 81％ of the variance.The Cronbach's α of the components were 0.969 for oral expression,0.922 for listening comprehension,0.966 for reading and 0.924 for writing,giving a total α coefficient of 0.978.The test-retest correlation coefficients of 22 items were greater than 0.8,with only another two below 0.7.The split-half reliability of the scale was 0.906.Conclusions The aphasia battery in Uighur has good validity and reliability,and can quantitatively reflect the functional status and language changes among Uighur's with stroke aphasia.It may also be suitable for application in the clinical rehabilitation of other sorts of Uighurspeaking aphasics.

Objective To observe the effects of using problem-based learning (PBL) and lecture-based learning (LBL) in clinical teaching in emergency intensive care unit (EICU).Methods Three hundred and twelve 5-year clinical medicine undergraduates from Xinjiang Medical University including 108 students in 2007 class and 204 students in 2008 class were enrolled. The students in each class were randomly divided into two groups, 54 students in each group in 2007 class and 102 students in each group in 2008 class. Randomized controlled trial was conducted; in the first half of a semester, the students in the two groups of each class were taught by PBL method and LBL method respectively. At the middle of the semester, written examination (WES), objective structure clinical examinations (OSCE) and self assessment questionnaire test were carried out to evaluate students' learning effect. In the second half of the semester, the teaching method in the two groups of each class was exchanged, and at the end of the semester, the same examinations were carried out, and the examination and questionnaire scores in the two groups of each class were compared.Results The results of comparisons of the WES and OSCE scores between two modes in each class showed that the scores of WES and OSCE of the PBL mode were obviously higher than those in the LBL mode (the first half of semester in 2007 class: WES: 23.20±3.33 vs. 22.78±4.41, OSCE: 27.60±6.44 vs. 25.45±6.35, in 2008 class: WES: 24.45±2.65 vs. 23.02±3.67, OSCE: 29.53±4.67 vs. 27.57±6.83, in the second half of the semester in 2007 class: WES: 24.60±3.67 vs. 23.46±2.57, OSCE: 28.50±4.78 vs. 28.01±5.78, in 2008 class: WES: 23.54±3.56 vs. 22.56±6.89, OSCE: 28.08±2.15 vs. 27.43±7.23,P < 0.05 orP < 0.01). The score results of self assessment questionnaires of students in two groups of 2007 class and 2008 class showed that the self learning ability, initiative, linking theory with practice, team power and attentiveness were significantly higher in the PBL teaching mode than those in the LBL teaching mode [the first half of the semester in 2007 class: self learning ability (score): 4.20±0.67 vs. 3.32±0.71, the initiative (score): 4.15±0.98 vs. 2.01±0.81, linking theory with practice (score): 4.09±0.65 vs. 3.52±0.89, team power (score): 4.43±0.56 vs. 3.08±0.43, attentiveness (score): 4.25±0.77 vs. 2.98±0.67; the second half of the semester in 2007 class: self learning ability (score): 4.23±0.77 vs. 2.11±0.98, the initiative (score): 4.59±0.85 vs. 3.20±0.73, linking theory with practice (score): 4.23±0.71 vs. 2.88±0.87, team power (score): 4.66±0.63 vs. 2.21±0.64, attentiveness (score): 4.21±0.73 vs. 2.28±0.43; the first half of the semester in 2008 class: self learning ability (score): 7.60±0.64 vs. 5.62±0.41, the initiative (score): 7.23±0.47 vs. 5.07±0.51, linking theory with practice (score): 7.04±0.67 vs. 4.56±0.59, team power (score): 7.33±0.55 vs. 5.06±0.47, attentiveness (score): 6.21±0.87 vs. 4.88±0.37; the second half of the semester in 2008 class: self learning ability (score): 7.03±0.71 vs. 5.11±0.48, the initiative (score): 7.89±0.57 vs. 5.20±0.33, linking theory with practice (score): 7.63±0.25 vs. 4.88±0.57, team power (score): 7.64±0.33 vs. 5.21±0.67, attentiveness (score): 7.01±0.89 vs. 6.01±0.90].Conclusion PBL method of teaching is worthwhile to be explored and spread extensively, especially in medicine, a scientific course involving much attention on practice, it embodies more importance.

The objective of this study was to construct multi-element ultrasound applicators for the treatment of gynecologic cancer with high dose rate brachytherapy. For the treatment of uterus, piezo-ceramic crystal transducer (PZT-5A) with outer diameter of 4 mm, wall thickness of 1.3 mm, and length of 24.5 mm was selected. For the treatment of cervix or vagina, it should be possible to insert the applicator into the vagina. Thus, a cylindrical PZT-8 material with outer diameter of 24.5 mm, wall thickness of 1.3 mm, and length of 15.2 mm was selected. The operating frequencies determined by vector impedance measurement were 3.2 MHz for the PZT 5A cylinder (OD=4 mm) and 1.7 MHz for the PZT-8 cylinder (OD: 24.5 mm). The ratios of generated acoustic output power to applied electric power were 33% and 61% for the tandem type crystal and the cylinder type crystal, respectively. The radiated acoustic pressure fields from both transducers were calculated using a Matlab code and measured in water using hydrophone. There was good agreement between measured and calculated acoustic pressure field distribution. For a tandem type transducer, the calculated acoustic pressure field decreased from 0.023 MPa at 10 mm to 0.010 Mpa at 30 mm, the reduction of 57%. For the cylinder type transducer which will be used for the treatment of vagina showed 78% reduction at 15 mm and 66% at 25 mm as compared to values at 5 mm from the surface. Based on the characteristics of the transducers, this study demonstrated the possibility of using the crystals as a heating source. Finally, a 3-element and 4-element prototype applicators were constructed. The 3-element applicator is 75 mm long and 4 mm thick and will be used for the treatment of uterus. The 4-element applicator is 61 mm long and 24.5 mm thick and will be used for the treatment of vagina. Using these applicators, it is possible to generate enough power to increase temperature to therapeutic level.
Acoustics ; Brachytherapy ; Cervix Uteri* ; Electric Impedance ; Female ; Heating ; Hot Temperature ; Transducers ; Ultrasonography* ; Uterus* ; Vagina ; Water

PURPOSE: Although computed tomography (CT) simulators are commonly used in radiation therapy department, many institution still use conventional CT for treatments. In this study the setup errors that occur during simulation, CT scan (diagnostic CT scanner), and treatment were evaluated for the twenty one breast cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Errors were determined by calculating the differences in isocenter location, SSD, CLD, and locations of surgical clips implanted during surgery. The anatomic structures on simulation film and DRR image were compared to determine the movement of isocenter between simulation and CT scan. The isocetner point determined from the radio-opaque wires placed on patient's surface during CT scan was moved to new position if there was anatomic mismatch between the two images. RESULTS: In 7/21 patients, anatomic structures on DRR image were different from the simulation image thus new isocenter points were placed for treatment planning. The standard deviations of the diagnostic CT setup errors relative to the simulator setup in lateral, longitudinal, and anterior-posterior directions were 2.3, 1.6, and 1.6 mm, respectively. The average variation and standard deviation of SSD from AP field were 1.9 mm and 2.3 mm and from tangential fields were 2.8 mm and 3.7 mm. The variation of the CLD for the 21 patients ranged from 0 to 6 mm between simulation and DRR and 0 to 5 mm between simulation and treatment. The group systematic errors analyzed based on clip locations were 1.7 mm in lateral direction, 2.1 mm in AP direction, and 1.7 mm in SI direction. CONCLUSION: These results represent that there was no significant differences when SSD, CLD, clips' locations and isocenter locations were considered. Therefore, it is concluded that when a diagnostic CT scanner is used to acquire an image, the set-up variation is acceptable compared to using CT simulator for the treatment of breast cancer. However, the patient has to be positioned with care during CT scan in order to reduce the setup error between simulation and CT scan.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Humans ; Silver Sulfadiazine ; Surgical Instruments ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

PURPOSE: Although computed tomography (CT) simulators are commonly used in radiation therapy department, many institution still use conventional CT for treatments. In this study the setup errors that occur during simulation, CT scan (diagnostic CT scanner), and treatment were evaluated for the twenty one breast cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Errors were determined by calculating the differences in isocenter location, SSD, CLD, and locations of surgical clips implanted during surgery. The anatomic structures on simulation film and DRR image were compared to determine the movement of isocenter between simulation and CT scan. The isocetner point determined from the radio-opaque wires placed on patient's surface during CT scan was moved to new position if there was anatomic mismatch between the two images. RESULTS: In 7/21 patients, anatomic structures on DRR image were different from the simulation image thus new isocenter points were placed for treatment planning. The standard deviations of the diagnostic CT setup errors relative to the simulator setup in lateral, longitudinal, and anterior-posterior directions were 2.3, 1.6, and 1.6 mm, respectively. The average variation and standard deviation of SSD from AP field were 1.9 mm and 2.3 mm and from tangential fields were 2.8 mm and 3.7 mm. The variation of the CLD for the 21 patients ranged from 0 to 6 mm between simulation and DRR and 0 to 5 mm between simulation and treatment. The group systematic errors analyzed based on clip locations were 1.7 mm in lateral direction, 2.1 mm in AP direction, and 1.7 mm in SI direction. CONCLUSION: These results represent that there was no significant differences when SSD, CLD, clips' locations and isocenter locations were considered. Therefore, it is concluded that when a diagnostic CT scanner is used to acquire an image, the set-up variation is acceptable compared to using CT simulator for the treatment of breast cancer. However, the patient has to be positioned with care during CT scan in order to reduce the setup error between simulation and CT scan.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Humans ; Silver Sulfadiazine ; Surgical Instruments ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed