Objective To study the roles of serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),sTNFR-Ⅰ and sT-NFR-Ⅱ in asthmatic children.Methods The levels of serum TNF-α,sTNFR-Ⅰ and sTNFR-Ⅱ in 60 asthmatic children,including 30 cases of acute exacerbation group and 30 cases of clinical paracmasia group,and 22 cases of healthy children (control group) were detected by ELISA.Results (1) The level of serum TNF-α in acute exacerbation group was (98.87 ± 16.25) ng/L,it is significantly higher than the clinical paracmasia group (62.19 ± 15.85) ng/L and control group (44.25 ± 10.44) ng/L (F =94.78,P ＜ 0.05).The level of serum sTNFR-Ⅰ and sTNFR-Ⅱ in acute exacerbation group were (11.14 ±2.04) μg/L and (11.81 ±2.14) μg/L respectively,they were significantly higher than their own clinical remission group (8.91 ± 1.63) μg/L and (9.36 ± 1.72) μg/L,also significantly higher than the control group (5.03 ± 1.18) μg/L and (5.21 ±1.23) μg/L,(F =83.03 and 87.62,all P ＜ 0.05).The levels of TNF-α,sTNFR-Ⅰ and sTNFR-Ⅱ in clinical paracmasia group were significantly higher than that in control group (P ＜ 0.05).(2) The levels of sTNFR-Ⅰ and sTNFR-Ⅱ in asthmatic children,both acute exacerbation and clinical paracmasia,were positively correlated (r=0.908,P ＜ 0.05 and r =0.737,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The level of TNF-α maybe indicate the inflammatory severity of asthma,and the changes of serum sTNFR-Ⅰ and sTNFR-Ⅱ were closely related with asthmatic airway inflammation.

OBJECTIVETo observe the characteristics of sperm single-stranded DNA breaks (SSB) and double-stranded DNA breaks (DSB) in infertile men, explore the association of DSB with male infertility, and provide a new observation index and idea for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

METHODSThis study involved 60 infertile men (infertility group) and 30 normal healthy males with infertile wives (control group). We comparatively analyzed the seminal parameters of the two groups, determined sperm concentration and viability using the computer aided sperm analysis system, measured the sperm survival rate by hypoosmotic swelling (HOS) test, examined sperm morphology by Diff-Quick staining, and detected sperm DNA damage by two-tail comet assay.

RESULTSNine two-tail comet models were established for detecting sperm DNA integrity. Comparisons between the fertility and control groups showed that the sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) was (33.8 ± 13.1) vs (16.3 ± 7.9)% (P < 0.01), the SSB-DFI was (19.2 ± 11.4) vs (14.9 ± 7.6)% (P > 0.05), the SSB-DFI/DFI was (56.8 ± 32.4) vs (91.4 ± 27.8)% (P < 0.01), the DSB-DFI was (23.9 +13.4) vs (6.1 ± 2.7)% (P < 0.01), and the DSB-DFI/DFI was (70.8 ± 19.5) vs (37.4 ± 11.3)% (P < 0.01). The optimal cut-off value of DSB-DFI/DFI in the diagnosis of male infertility was 39.5%, with the AUG, sensitivity, and specificity of 0.969, 98.3%, and 90%; that of DSB-DFI was 15.85%, with the AUC, sensitivity, and specificity of 0.912, 86.7%, and 80%; and that of DFI was 18.65%; with the AUC, sensitivity, and specificity of 0.861, 90%, 70%, respectively. In the infertile men, neither SSB-DFI nor SSB-DFI/DFI exhibited any correlation with semen parameters (P > 0.05); DFI was correlated negatively with the percentage of progressively motile sperm, sperm survival rate, and the percentage of morphologically normal sperm (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), but not correlated with sperm concentration (P > 0.05); both DSB-DFI and DSB-DFI/DFI showed a negative correlation with sperm concentration, sperm survival rate, and the percentages of progressively motile sperm and morphologically normal sperm (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONDouble-stranded, rather than single-stranded DNA breaks, may be a factor inducing male infertility. The type of sperm DNA strand damage is of much reference value for the assessment of male fertility.

Case-Control Studies ; Comet Assay ; DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded ; DNA Breaks, Single-Stranded ; DNA Fragmentation ; Fertility ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Male ; Semen Analysis ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Sperm Count ; Spermatozoa ; Staining and Labeling

Objective To explore the problems in the introducing of complementary food in infants and provide a guidance for cli nical practice.Methods The questionnaire survey was carried out by childhood health doctors in mothers or caregivers on fixed outpatient health care day. The data of survey was entered into computer and analyzed with SPSS 11.5 software.Results 1.Earlier (

Migration of donor T cells to the host second lymphoid organs and homing of activated donor T cells into the target tissues play crucial role in the pathophysiology of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). More deep understanding of the mechanisms for donor T cell migration and homing reveals an important significance in preventing the initiation of aGVHD. In this review, the migration of donor T cells to host second lymphoid organs, homing of donor activated T cells into the target organs, homing of regulating T cells into target organs, the mechanisms of T cell migration and homing in process of aGVHD and its study prospects were summarised.
Cell Movement ; Graft vs Host Disease ; Humans ; Receptors, Lymphocyte Homing ; T-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; immunology

Solid dispersions technique was used to solidify buagafuran and improve buagafuran in vitro dissolution and stability. Buagafuran solid dispersions were prepared separately using PVPK30, PEG6000 and Poloxamer188 at various weight ratios as carriers. The status of buagafuran in solid dispersions was determined by using DSC and IR. The solubility, content and in vitro dissolution of pure drug and the solid dispersions were detected by using HPLC. When buagafuran/carrier was 1:5 or less, the drug existed in a solid dispersion form. Three kinds of carriers all can improve buagafuran dispersibility and in vitro dissolution. Accelerating experiment showed that buagafuran/PVPK30 < or = 1:10 solid dispersions was ageing-resistant, and the aspect, content and in vitro dissolution did not change after storaged over 3 months, but PEG6000, Poloxamer188 and a lower ratio PVPK30 solid dispersions became aged. Buagafuran/PVPK30 < or = 1:10 solid dispersions can be developed as buagafuran oral drug delivery carrier.
Anti-Anxiety Agents ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Drug Carriers ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Drug Stability ; Drug Storage ; Poloxamer ; chemistry ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry ; Povidone ; chemistry ; Powders ; Sesquiterpenes ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Solubility

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical effects of the manipulation reduction combined with small splint fixation for the treatment of fresh closed fracture of radius for shorten hospital stays and reduce medical cost.

METHODSFrom July 2007 to December 2009, 200 patients (ranged the age from 40 to 80 years) with distal radius comminute fracture were treated and divided into CP group (including 21 males and 79 females, with a mean age of (62.98 +/- 0.85) years), and control group (including 20 males and 80 females, with a mean age of (63.19 +/- 0.88) years). All patients were treated manipulation reduction combined with small-splint fixation, control group removed small-splint 30 days after treatment, CP group removed 25 days after treatment. Two groups were checked by X-ray and took traditional chinese medicine (taking Yuanhu tablets, Chuangshangning tablets on the early stage; Guixiangzhenggu pill was taken on the middle stage; Shuanglongjie gu pill on the late stage), functional exercise was guided after removing of small splint. The condition of reduction and position of bone were evaluated and Gartland-Werlley scale was used to evaluate the function of wrist joint.

RESULTSTreatment time in CP group was decreased from (30.08 +/- 3.06) to (25.06 +/- 1.07) days; treatment cost in CP group was decreased from (2 100.00 +/- 332.12) to (1 644.00 +/- 125.20) Yuan. There was no significant difference in reduction and function recover of wrist joint between two groups. The results showed the effects of TCM clinic can be promised.

CONCLUSIONClinical pathway for outpatient can promote standardization of outpatient, short treatment time less medical economic burden, and worth widely used.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; methods ; Fractures, Closed ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radius ; surgery ; Radius Fractures ; surgery ; Splints

Congenital disorder of glycosylation type Id(CDG-Id)is due to a variation in the ALG3 gene that results in a defect in the encoded alpha-1,3-mannosyltransferase.The pregnant woman in this case was 32 years old,G7P1,whose fifth singleton pregnancy had fetal malformations suggested by ultrasound at another hospital.After termination of pregnancy,she came to Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital,Fudan University for genetic testing,with the result of ALG3 gene variants[NM_005787:c.67C>T(p.Gln23*),Heterozygote,Paternal;NM_005787:c.1188G>A(p.Trp396*),Heterozygote,Maternal].In this singleton pregnancy at 21 weeks of gestation,prenatal ultrasound at our hospital demonstrated multiple fetal malformations,including micrognathia,cerebellar vermis absence,cystic occupancy of the posterior cranial fossa,all long bones of the limbs being short,scoliosis and stiffness of the finger joints as the main manifestations.The pregnancy was then terminated at another hospital,and subsequent genetic testing results confirmed that it was also due to ALG3 gene variants.This article focuses on the prenatal ultrasound manifestations and genetic features of CDG-Id,in order to improve the understanding of this disorder.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the clinical features of 128 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients infected through blood transmission who were coinfected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV).

METHODSThe prevalence, liver functions, and some immunological profiles of 128 AIDS patients coinfected with HBV and HCV were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSAmong the 128 AIDS patients, 107 (83.6%) were coinfected with HCV, among which 40 (31.3%) patients had abnormal liver functions or liver damage and 15 (11.7%) patients experienced hepatitis symptoms. Three (2.3%) AIDS patients were singly coinfected with HBV, and all of them had abnormal liver functions and hepatitis symptoms. Seven (5.5%) patients were coinfected with HIV/HCV/HBV and none of them had abnormal liver functions or hepatitis symptoms. Eleven (8.6%) patients were only infected with HIV.

CONCLUSIONSThe prevalence of blood-transmitted HIV patients coinfected with HCV is higher than with HBV. The clinical outcomes of HIV coinfection with HCV and HBV are different.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; complications ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Comorbidity ; Female ; Hepatitis B ; epidemiology ; Hepatitis C ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Transfusion Reaction

OBJECTIVETo detect the expressions of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sI- CAM-1) in the seminal plasma of infertile men and explore the role of inflammatory cytokines in male immune infertility.

METHODSBased on the results of the sperm-bound antibody immunobead test, 123 males with clinically suspected infertility were divided into an immune infertility group (n = 41), other infertility group A (n = 37), and other infertility group B (n = 45). The immune infertility patients were further subdivided into a leukocyte-positive and a leukocyte-negative group according to the results of leukocyte peroxidase staining. The control group included 31 males confirmed to be fertilein the clinic. Statistical analyses were conducted on the differences in inflammatory cytokines expressions and main parameters in the seminal plasma among different groups. The seminal liquefaction time was measured by visual and microscopic observation, sperm concentration and motility detected using the computer-assisted sperm analysis system, sperm viability determined by hypotonic swelling assay, and the expression levels of IL-6 and sICAM-1 meas- ured by ELISA.

RESULTSThe infertility groups showed significantly lowers perm viability (P < 0.05) and progressive motility (P < 0.01) than the fertile control, but no remarkable differences from the latter in sperm concentration (P > 0.05) and semen liquefaction time (P > 0.05). No statistically significant differences were observed in seminal parameters between the immune infertility group and other infertility groups (P > 0.05). The IL-6 and sICAM-1 levels in the seminal plasma were extremely significantly higher in the im- mune infertility group ([37.92 ± 17.01] ng/L and [89.15 ± 41.82] ng/ml), other infertility group A ([22.23 ± 13.77] ng/L and [67.81 ± 33.24] ng/ml), and other infertility group B ([18.75 ± 14.32] ng/L and [53.25 ± 27.09] ng/ml) than in the normal control group ([9.47 ± 5.76] ng/L and [19.46 ± 9.77] ng/ml) (P <0.01) , with remarkable differences between the immune infertility group and the other two infertility groups (P < 0.05). The leukocyte-positive patients showed significantly increased levels of IL-6 ([49.25 ± 21.46] ng/L) and sICAM-1 ([104.36 ± 46.41] ng/ml) as compared with the leukocyte-negative ones ([31.38 ± 15.54] ng/Land [80.38 ± 35.52] ng/ml) (both P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONIL-6 and sICAM-1 in the seminalplasma are involved in male immune infertility.

Biomarkers ; analysis ; Cytokines ; analysis ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; classification ; immunology ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; analysis ; Interleukin-6 ; analysis ; Male ; Semen ; chemistry ; immunology ; Semen Analysis ; Sperm Count ; Spermatozoa

China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; statistics & numerical data ; Male