Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of breastfeeding among infants of 0 to 6 months in urban areas in Shanxi,to increase the rate of breastfeeding.Methods A total of urban infants aged 0 -6 months were selected and their mothers were investigated by the questionnaire on site.Results A total of 4 868 urban infants aged 0 -6 months and their mothers were investigated.The rate of breastfeeding was 64.60%,the rate of mixed feeding was 27.90%,the rate of artificial feeding was 7.40%.The infants′mother′s age,culture level, the way of delivery(natural labor,dystocia,cesarean delivery),the situation of the nipple(normal,flat,concave), nutritional status during pregnancy,mother's self awareness of the amount of breasts supply(enough,not enough)were associated with breastfeeding(χ2 =62.367,25.021,67.419,60.941,16.675,8.241,3.081,all P <0.05 or P <0.01).Conclusion The corresponding measures should be taken according to the factors affecting breastfeeding in order to improve the rate of breastfeeding.

Objective To investigate the effect of equol on ERK mediated signal transduction pathway and to clarify its mechanism of proliferation inhibition on human ovarian carcinoma cell line SKOV-3. Method SKOV-3 cells were treated with 10-8,10-7,10-6,10-5,5?10-5,10-4 mol/L equol for 24,48 and 72h. After pretreatment with 10 ?mol/L U0126 an ERK signaling pathway inhibitor or ICI182,780,estrogen receptor inhibitors for 1h,then treatment with 50 ?mol/L equol for 2h,the cell viability was examined and the expressions of ERK and p-ERK protein were determined using Western blotting. Results Equol was demonstrated to inhibit SKOV-3,proliferation time-and dose-dependently. The expression of p-ERK protein was decreased in dose-dependent manner,while the expression of total ERK was unchanged. Both the single use of U0126,or ICI182,780,and combined with equol could decrease the expression of p-ERK protein. Conclusion Equol could inhibit proliferation in ovarian carcinoma cell lines SKOV-3. Its inhibitory effect appears to be due to down-regulation of p-ERK protein.

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the radiation dose caused by 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) in PET/CT examination and to optimize the concerned radiation protection. Methods Thirty patients from our conventional PET/CT examination were simple randomly selected, and they all underwent whole body PET/CT imaging. The radioactive dose of injected 18F-FDG was recorded. The internal radiation dose was calculated and the external radiation dose from patients was measured with the 451P-DE-SI ion chamber survey meter. The staff's dose was recorded with thermoluminescent detector (TLD). All dosimetry data were processed and analyzed statistically with Excel 2003. Results The injected radioactive dose of 18F-FDG was (432.9±51.8) MBq, and effective dose equivalent received per patient was (8.23±0.99) roSy. The correlation coefficient (r) of the dose equivalent rate and distance was-0.994 by power function curve fitting, and that of dose equivalent rate and time was - 0.988 by exponential curve fitting. The staff's dose was lower than the annual dose limit. Conclusions The patient's internal radiation dose caused by 18F-FDG in PET/CT examination is low, nonetheless, the clinician should always consider optimizing and minimizing the necessary radiation received by the patients. The patients having been injected with 18F-FDG should stay in one place to decrease their radiation to the public. From the medical point of view in optimizing radiation exposure, there may still be a potential to lower the injected 18F-FDG activity.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrom-etry(SELDI-TOF-MS) for Paget disease. Methods The relative contents of serum proteins of 15 healthy people,15 patients with chronic eczema and 20 patients with Paget were detected by Weak cation exchanger protein chip (WCx2) and SELDI-TOF-MS. Results The con-tents of two proteins (3868Da,8876Da) had significant difference in healthy people and Paget disease patients(P<0.01). 291IDa, 3868Da and 5097Da protein peaks had significant difference in chronic eczema and Paget disease(P<0.05). Conclusion It shows great potentiality for early diagnosis and screening the tumor biomarkers of Paget disease with SELDI-TOF-MS.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect and to summarize the experience of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of spleen together with splenic artery balloon block in treating hypersplenism due to cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Methods Under the situation of splenic artery occlusion with balloon, RFA of the spleen was performed in 15 patients with hypersplenism caused by cirrhosis and portal hypertension. The mean duration of RFA was (46.4±5.4) min. Routine blood tests were conducted at 3 days, one week, one, 3 and 6 months after the treatment, and abdominal CT angiography was performed one month after RFA. The results were analyzed. Results One patient developed massive bloody pleural effusion at left thorax three days after RFA, which was improved after hemostasis and thoracic drainage. No severe complications occurred in other patients. Abdominal CT angiography performed one month after RFA showed that the ablated extent by RFA was accounted for about 34.3%-71.8% proportion of the spleen, with a mean of (56.20 ±13.09)%. Preoperative blood tests indicated that the count of white blood cells, red blood corpuscles and blood platelets was (3.88±1.75)×109/L, (4.06±0.37) × 1012/L and (48.14± 11.33)×109/L, respectively. One month after RFA the count of white blood cells and blood platelets increased to (5.62±1.61) ×109/L and (132.29±33.20) ×109/L respectively. When compared with the preoperative data, the differences in the count of white blood cells and blood platelets were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion For the treatment of hypersplenism due to cirrhosis and portal hypertension, percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of spleen together with splenic artery balloon block is quite safe and this technique has satisfactory short-term effect.

Objective To investigate the serum creatinine (SCr) level in patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS) and to explore the relationship between the SCr level and the clinical characteristics.Methods A total of 80 patients with sALS,80 patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA) and 80 patients with tension-type headache (TTH) were enrolled in the study.The SCr levels were compared among the three groups.The association between the SCr level and the revised Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS-R),the forced vital capacity (FVC) percentage of predicted (FVC％ pred),the site of symptom onset,the duration of disease and the rate of disease progression was evaluated in the sALS group.Results The SCr level was significantly decreased in the sALS group than the other two groups [(60.86 ± 16.80) μmol/L vs (70.05 ± 12.79) μmol/L and (66.97-± 14.14) μmol/L,P ＜ 0.01].In the sALS group,the SCr level was positively correlated with the ALSFRS-R (r =0.315,P =0.005),while no correlation was found between the SCr level and the FVC％ pred,the site of symptom onset,the duration of disease and the rate of disease progression (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The SCr level is an important biochemical index in the patients with sALS and might play an important role in monitoring the disease progression.

Objective To explore the clinical features and surgical management of aged patients with acute cholecystitis,and try to command the opportunity and procedure of laparoseopic cholecystectomy(LC)better.Meth- ods Clinical data of 52 aged cases with acute cholecystits undergone LC were analyzed retrospectively.Results All of the patients(within 48h of the acute attack)were successfully recovered without serious operative complications. Conclusion Aged acute cholecystitis progressed rapidly and its operative difficulty and risk were higher;only if more attention was paid to perioperative managements and operative time and technical skill were mastered,early LC for the patients was safe and feasible.Therefore.it should be recommended in the great majority of cases except the des- perate patients whose general condition was too poor to operate.

Adult ; Colonic Neoplasms ; genetics ; DNA, Neoplasm ; genetics ; Female ; Fluorescence ; Humans ; Male ; Microsatellite Instability ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Rectal Neoplasms ; genetics

Objective To describe an ideal technique to repair full-thickness lower lid marginal defects in a one-stage procedure. Methods The buccal rotation flap and the nasal septal chondromucosal flap were used in one-stage operation to repair full-thickness lower eyelid defect. Results Eleven patients including 6 male patients and 5 female patients underwent lower eyelid reconstruction since January 2000.The age ranged from 29 to 64 years with average 43. Seven patients with full-thickness lower eyelid defect were caused by basal cell carcinoma excision, while four patients were caused by trauma. All the fullthickness lower eyelid defects were reconstructed by using the buccal rotation flap and the nasal septal chondromucosal flap in one-stage operation. All the flaps survived completely after operation. There were no other complications excepting that two patients developed to mild lower eyelid retration after six months. Conclusion The technique consisting of the buccal rotation flap and the nasal septal chondromucosal flap is a simple and useful alternative procedure to close full-thickness defects in the lower eyelid.

Aim To investigate the effect of salvianolic acid B (Sal B)on c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)ac-tivation and apoptosis of INS-1 cells induced by inter-mittent high glucose.Methods INS-1 cells were pre-incubated with Sal B for 24 h,followed by exposure to intermittent high glucose (IHG,11.1 mmol·L-1 12 h,33. 3 mmol·L-1 12 h)for 72 h.Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay and cell apoptosis was evalua-ted by flow cytometry.Glucose induced insulin secre-tion capacity and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS)contents were measured by enzyme linked im-munosorbent assay (ELISA)and a fluorescent probe DCFH-DA,respectively.Levels of JNK activation and PDX-1 protein expression were determined by Western blot analysis.Results Sal B significantly alleviated IHG-induced cell injury and apoptosis,with glucose induced insulin secretion capacity improved evidently (P<0.05 or P<0.01).Preincubation with Sal B no-tably decreased intracellular ROS and JNK activation in INS-1 cells,while the level of PDX-1 protein was in-creased markedly (P<0.05 or P<0.01 ).Conclu-sion Sal B is capable of ameliorating IHG-induced cell injury and apoptosis in INS-1 cells,which might be derived from suppression of JNK activation and up-regulation of PDX-1 protein expression.