OBJECTIVETo measure hip bone mineral density (BMD) on different femoral rotations and to identify the influence of femoral rotation during hip densitometry.

METHODSForty women were recruited at the out-department of orthopedic, with the average age of 60.7 years (45-85 years), the average height of 161.8 cm (150-175 cm), and the average weight of 67.4 kg (48-80 kg). BMD measurement of hip was done in neutral position (0 degrees), 15 degrees and 30 degrees of internal rotation under quality control of DXA machine. All the subjects were asked to get down scan table and reposition after each measuring in different rotation.

RESULTSHip BMD of proximal femur (femoral neck, Ward's area and trochanter region) have significant variations in measurement (P < 0.01) among neutral position, 15 degrees and 30 degrees of internal rotation. There were more BMD change at the cancellous region (Ward's triangle and trochanter region) than at cortical bone area (femoral neck region). Statistical analysis showed a significant positive correlation for hip BMD change between neutral degrees to 15 degrees of internal rotation and 15 degrees to 30 degrees of internal rotation. But no correlation between neutral degrees to 30 degrees of internal rotation for hip BMD change.

CONCLUSIONSFemoral rotation was shown to have a significant effect on hip BMD measurements. Cortical bone region of hip have a less BMD change than cancellous bone region. Proper positioning of the femur during scan can improve precision significantly.

Absorptiometry, Photon ; methods ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Density ; Female ; Femur ; Hip ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Posture ; Rotation

Objective To analyze the failure ratio and the causes of the inoculation failure of hepatitis B virus(HBV)-vaccine in children and relevant the remedial measures. Methods One thousand three hundred and sixty cases treated in Suzhou Wuzhong people′s hospital during Jan.2007 to Jul.2008 were chosen,of whom 286 children from 1-5 years old to be anti-HBs negative or anti-HBs titre to be 0-10 IU/L were screened,and specific failure reasons for the vaccination were analyzed,also the timely treatment measures were taken.Then 286 children were divided into 5 groups randomly.Apart from one group was set up as blank control,the other 4 groups were arranged to accept different immunization methods with 0,1,2 month schedule,group A simply got revaccinated with HB vaccine(10 ?g) 3 times;group B revaccinated with double dosage of HB vaccine(20 ?g) 3 times;group C besides being revaccinated 3 times,the immune regulatory agent was jointly used;group D revaccinated 3 times with genetically engineered CHO hepatitis B vaccine. Results The ratio of failure of HBV-vaccine was 21.03%,what caused failure of hepatitis B vaccine included immunologic inadequacy 218(76.22%),repeated respiratory infection 192 cases(67.13%),abuse hormone 140 cases(48.95%),zinc deficiency 129 cases(45.10%),anaemia 108 cases(37.76%),passive smoking 80 cases(27.97%),the mother being chronic parenchymatous nephritis or HBV carrier 63 cases(22.03%),premature 54 cases(18.88%),adiposity 38 cases(13.29%),dystrophy 29 cases(10.14%).There were 4 methods of revaccination,the positive rate for group A,B,C,D were 90.00%,96.47%,99.08%,95.83%,respectively.Group C had the highest positive rate,compared with the other 3 groups,which were statistically significant(P a

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of p38MAPK inhibitor SB203580 (SB) on the occurrence of acute GVHD and intestine damage after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in mice.

METHODSSixty BALB/c mice, as recipients, were randomized to control group, irradiation group, model group and intervention group. C57BL/6 mice, as donors, were raised to prepare the bone marrow cells (BMCs) and spleen cells (SCs), which were injected into irradiated recipients mice by tail vein. Except control group, other groups accepted 7.5Gy total body irradiation. Model group and intervention group were infused with BMCs 5×10⁶ and SCs 5×10⁵ by less than 4 h after irradiation. SB was injected into intervention group by intraperitoneally, but only DMSO for model group. The general status and survival rate of each group were evaluated. The expression of p-p38MAPK, Fas and FasL in intestine were determined by RT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC).

RESULTSThe weight changes of intervention group (13.00±0.50)% was significantly lighter than that of model group (25.00±0.75)% (P<0.05). The clinical score of acute GVHD in the intervention group (3.33±0.82) was significantly lower than that of model group (6.33±1.36) (P<0.05). The expression levels of p-p38MAPK, Fas and FasL in small intestine of intervention group (1.43±0.02, 0.81±0.03, 0.97±0.03) were lower than those of model group (1.76±0.05, 1.52±0.04, 1.48±0.04).

CONCLUSIONSB inhibited the activation of p38MAPK and Fas/ FasL signal pathway and alleviated the apoptosis of small intestine. And SB could relieve small intestine damages induced by allogeneic T lymphocytes.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Fas Ligand Protein ; metabolism ; Graft vs Host Disease ; metabolism ; pathology ; Imidazoles ; pharmacology ; Intestines ; drug effects ; pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Pyridines ; pharmacology ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Transplantation, Homologous ; fas Receptor ; metabolism ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the CT findings of Madelung's disease in the head and neck region,and to evaluate the value of CT in demonstrating the Madelung's disease in the head and neck region.Methods CT findings of Madelung's disease in the head and neck region in 7 cases were analyzed retrospectively.All were males,with the age from 36 to 60 years,mean 51 years.All patients were underwent CT native scan,and enhanced CT scan was performed on 3 of them.Results CT images in the neck of all patients showed accumulation of nonencapsulated fat within the subcutaneous tissue and(or) deep to the platysma,and(or)within the spaces between the muscles.The fat deposits were ill-defined and symmetrical.In most cases the fat deposits involved the anterior part of the neck(infrahyoid and suprahyoid),submandibular region,the subcutaneous tissue of the nape and deep to the stenomastoid muscles.Conclusions Madelung's disease in the head and neck region have characteristic CT findings,and CT has great value in qualitative and quantitative diagnosis in Madelung's disease.

Objective To explore the therapeutic efficacy of levofloxacin combined with anti-tuberculosis drugs and thoracic catheterization for the treatment of tuberculous pleuritis.Methods Patients who were admitted to Departments of Infectious Diseases of Hanzhong Central Hospital and Ankang Central Hospital between February 2014 and August 2016 for initial treatment of tuberculous pleuritis were included in the study,they were divided into groups A,B,C and D.Group A received 2HRZE + 7HR regimen combined with conventional drainage;group B received 2HRZE+ 7HR regimen combined with thoracic catheterization;group C received 2HRZEV + 7HR regimen combined with thoracic catheterization;group D received 2HRZEV + 10HR regimen combined with thoracic catheterization.groups B,C and D received thoracic catheterization,normal saline 20mL and urokinase 100,000U were given through the drainage tube.Results A total of 172 patients with newly diagnosed tuberctlous pleurisy were received for treatment.There were 45,53,38,and 36 cases in group A,B,C,and D respectively.The total effective rate of therapy for pleural effusion in group A was lower than that in group B(64.44％ vs 90.57％,x2 =9.863,P＜ 0.05);after two month therapy,total effective rate of therapy for pleural effusion in group B was lower than that in group C (18.87％ vs 39.47％,x2 =4.716,P＜0.05);at the end of therapy,total effective rate in group C was lower than that in group D (60.53 ％ vs 83.33 ％,x2 =4.731,P＜0.05).Conclusion For initial treatment of patients with tuberculous pleuritis,2HRZEV + 10HR antituberculosis regimen combined with thoracic catheterization and urokinase infusion can significantly improve the clinical symptoms and recovery rate of tuberculous pleuritis,facilitate drainage of pleural effusion and prevent pleural thickening,adhesion and encapsulation.

Objective To study the spatial distribution characteristics of liver cancer in Guangxi so as to provide evidence for the development of congol and prevention on liver cancer.Methods The average eight year morbidity was computed,using the rates of liver cancer in 2000-2007.The spatial statistics module of GIS was used to conduct spatial autocorrelation analysis.and the disease mapping Was drawn,using the Map Info 8.0 software.Results The average morbidity rate Was clustered in Guangxi in the past eight years.with Moran's I index as 0.34 and P value below 0.01.G index appeared to be 0.77 and the Pvalue Was below 0.01.Moran's I correlogram lifled up in four spaces,specifically,the cluster took place in both nlacro-scale(one to three spatial intervals,45 to 135 km real Scale)and micro-scale(16 to 18 spatial intervals,720 to 800 km real scale).When the spatial interval became 14 and real scale was 60 km.the spatial distribution of liver cancer showed the most intensive autocorrelation.Most of the regions with high morbidity would be clustered in the southwest and southern parts,along the Coastal areas of Guangxi while the regions with low morbidity clustered in the northern part of Guangxi.Conclusion Liver cancer was found un-randorely distributed and geographitally clustered in Guangxi in 2000-2007.

OBJECTIVETo study the changes of serum interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA, IgM) in patients with esophageal cancer, and to probe the relationship between the levels of IL-2, IL-8, IgG, IgA and IgM and the progress of cancer.

METHODSThe serum levels of IL-2 and IL-8 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for 72 case of primary esophageal cancer, 68 advanced esophageal cancer and 120 healthy controls, and the level of immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA, IgM) in patients with esophageal cancer was dynamically observed.

RESULTSThe IL-2 level in patients with early esophageal cancer [(1.69 +/- 0.53) ng/ml] or late esophageal cancer [(1.11 +/- 0.60) ng/ml] was lower than the control group [(2.78 +/- 0.51) ng/ml] (P < 0.01), the late esophageal cancer group was lower than early esophageal cancer group (P < 0.05). The level of IL-8 in patients with early esophageal cancer [(85.48 +/- 6.14) ng/L] or late esophageal cancer [(121.41 +/- 6.22) ng/L] was much higher than the control group [(54.48 +/- 12.20) ng/L] (P < 0.01), the late esophageal cancer group was much higher than early esophageal cancer group (P < 0.01); There was correlation between the levels of IL-2 and IL-8 and the worsen-extent of the tumour in patients with early esophageal cancer or late esophageal cancer. But the level of IgG [(12.23 +/- 2.50) g/L], IgM [(1.60 +/- 0.80) g/L] in the patients with esophageal cancer compared with the level of IgG [(11.65 +/- 3.70) g/L], IgM [(1.46 +/- 0.71) g/L] in the health control group have no significant difference (P > 0.05), the level of IgA [(3.50 +/- 1.10) g/L] in patients with esophageal cancer Compared with the control group [(1.88 +/- 1.08) g/L] has significant difference (P < 0.01), and along with the worsen-extent of the tumor in patients the level of IgA has the increased tendency.

CONCLUSIONThe IL-8 might accelerate the pathogenesis of esophageal cancer, and the IL-2 might restrain. The positive correlation between the level of IgA and the patients with esophageal cancer is observed in this study; the immune maladjustment of IL-2, IL-8 and IgA might be correlative to esophageal cancer, and the IL-2, IL-8 and IgA levels might be an available index for the severity of esophageal cancer, Which may be of some help for clinic practitioners to judge the progress, curative effect and prognosis of the cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; blood ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; blood ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood ; Immunoglobulin M ; blood ; Interleukin-2 ; blood ; Interleukin-8 ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging

Silibinin, a natural flavonoid antioxidant isolated from extracts of the milk thistle herb, has recently been identified as having anti-hepatotoxic and anticancer properties. In this paper, we investigated the effects of silibinin on behavior and neuroplasticity in mice subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). After 5 consecutive weeks of CUMS, the mice were treated with silibinin (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg by oral gavage) for 3 consecutive weeks. The results showed that silibinin administration significantly alleviated the CUMS-induced depressive-like behavior, including the total number of squares crossed and the frequency of rearing in the open field test, the immobility time in the tail suspension test and the forced swimming test. Furthermore, silibinin treatment increased the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Our study provides new insight into the protective effects of silibinin on the depressive status of CUMS mice, specifically by improving neuroplasticity and neurotransmission.
Animals ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; Depression ; Hindlimb Suspension ; Hippocampus ; Mice* ; Milk Thistle ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Norepinephrine ; Physical Exertion ; Prefrontal Cortex ; Serotonin ; Synaptic Transmission

This study was aimed to explore the influence of recipient age on the occurrence of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) in mice. 8 - 10 weeks aged C57BL/6 (H-2K(b)) mice were selected as donors, 18 - 20 weeks aged and 8 - 10 weeks aged BALB/c (H-2K(d)) mice were served as recipients. 18 - 20 weeks and 8 - 10 weeks aged mice were all randomly divided into three groups: normal control group (without any treatment); irradiation alone group [administered a total body irradiation (TBI) without bone marrow transplantation] and model group [infused with bone marrow mononuclear cells 5 × 10(6) and splenocytes 5 × 10(5) from donor C57BL/6 (H-2K(b)) mice through caudal vein no more than 4 h after TBI]. The general state and survival rate of all mice were observed everyday. The factors (the chimerism in peripheral blood, T lymphocyte and their subsets, the percentage of Th1 cells) of mice in model groups were measured by flow cytometry on day 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 after TBI, the leukocytes in peripheral blood were also calculated by direct microscopic counting. The histological examinations of liver, intestine and skin were done by hematoxylin and eosin staining on day 5, 15, and 25 after TBI. All above data were compared between model groups. The results indicated that murine model with aGVHD was established in two model groups. Compared with 8 - 10 weeks aged mice, the 18 - 20 weeks aged mice showed higher survival rate and lower clinical scores (P < 0.05); the reconstitution time of leukocyte and chimerism in peripheral blood were delayed (P < 0.05); The ratio of CD8(+)T lymphocytes and Th1 cells in peripheral blood were lower (P < 0.05); the histological changes of liver, intestine and skin were little. It is concluded that 18 - 20 weeks aged recipient mice exhibited a lower incidence of aGVHD than 8 - 10 weeks aged recipient mice.
Age Factors ; Animals ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; methods ; Graft vs Host Disease ; pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Transplantation, Homologous

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of partial internal sphincter myomectomy on transanal one-stage pull-through operation for Hirschsprung disease (HD).

METHODSA prospective group of 153 pediatric patients with HD in Guangdong Dongguan People's Hospital between 2003-2012 were enrolled, who underwent transanal one-stage pull-through operation. Children were divided into partial resection group (77 cases) undergoing partial internal sphincter myomectomy and simple incision group (76 cases) undergoing simply internal sphincter dissection, respectively. Differences of postoperative complications and continence between two groups were compared.

RESULTSPostoperative complications such as rectal muscularis infection [1.3% (1/77) vs. 11.8% (9/76), P<0.05], enterocolitis [2.6% (2/77) vs. 13.2% (10/76), P<0.05], anastomosis stenosis[3.9% (3/77) vs. 22.4% (17/76), P<0.01] and abdominal distension [10.4% (8/77) vs. 25.0% (19/76), P<0.05] were lower in partial resection group as compared to simple incision group. The time of antibiotics administration was also lower in partial resection group [(3.9±1.1) d vs. (4.6±1.1) d, P<0.01]. Difference in the continence between the two groups was not statistically significant (kelly score, 5.1±0.5 vs. 5.2±0.6, P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSCompared with simply internal sphincter dissection in operation, partial internal sphincter myomectomy with transanal one-stage pull-through operation for HD can reduce the postoperative complications and does not increase the damage of the continence.

Adolescent ; Anal Canal ; surgery ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hirschsprung Disease ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; Prospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome