Objective To explore the methods and effects of the general resident nurse on duty system,and thereby to play an effective role of skilled nurses to ensure the quality and safety of nursing.Methods Using the management experience of general resident doctors for reference,a general resident nurse on duty system was established.The general resident nurses were strictly selected,trained and examined.At the same time,the management regulations were formulated.Results This practice cultivated a general resident nurse team with well-prepared nursing knowledge,skilled techniques,good capacity to cope with emergency,which could play important roles in the guidance and quality control of clinical nursing.Conclusion The implementation of general resident nurse on duty system can help train the backbone of specialized care,reserve the force of handling emergency and improve the quality of nursing.

Objective To investigate the association of serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and methylglyoxal (MG) levels with cognitive function in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods The normal population and elderly patients with T2DM were frequency-matched by age, sex, and educational level. BDNF was detected by ELISA assay, MG by HPLC assay, and cognitive function by sets of repetitive mental state examination (RBANS) in the two groups. Results (1) Compared with control group, serum BDNF level in T2DM group was significantly decreased [ (4.97±3.05 vs 11.77±7.92)ng /ml, P<0.01]while serum MG level was elevated [(67.91 vs 43.86) nmol /L, P<0.05]. The increasing of serum MG was related to the decreasing of serum BDNF. (2) Compared with control group, the scores for standardized tests of cognitive scale, visual breadth, immediate memory, delayed memory, and attention areas in T2DM group were significantly decreased (all P<0.05). After the influencing factors were adjusted by multiple regression, the associations of serum BDNF level with cognitive scale standardized score, the delay associated with memory and attention functions were still evident, and serum MG level in T2DM group was still related with the levels of delayed memory, immediate memory, total scale standardization (all P<0.05). (3) Serum BDNF level was negatively correlated with serum MG level (P=0.031). Conclusions Cognitive function of elderly patients with T2DM is related with serum MG and BDNF levels. The increased serum MG as well as the decreasd serum BDNF levels maybe involved in the pathogenesis of impaired cognitive function.

Objective Establishing the drug?resistant Candida albicans disseminative infected mice model for new drug screening. Methods The disseminative infected mouse model was generated by intravenously injecting a clinical Drug?resistant Candida albicans strain ( CaR) to immunosuppressive ICR mice. The features of model was evaluated by clinical symptom, survival condition, fungal burden in tissue, histopathology, cytokines assay and medication. Results After infected with CaR (0 day), the death of mice started at the first day, though, compared to clinical drug sensitive strain ( CaS) infected group, the difference of mortality rate in 16?day observation period was not significant in two groups (CaR, 90?7%;CaS, 86?2%, P =0?158), mice in CaR group died faster than those in CaS group at the early stage;On the fourth day of infection, Candida albicans could be detected in the different tissues, and we found fungal burden in kidney and brain was a significant difference. The typical granuloma caused by fungal infection was the main histopathological feature observed in the kidney, brain and heart. Cytokines in renal tissue were detected by flow cytometry, The changes of IL?1α,IL?6,TNF?αand IFN?γin kidney were significant. Compared with CaS group, IL?1 and IFN?γ were significantly higher and TNF?αdecreased significantly in CaR group. The mice of groups CaR and CaS were treated with 10 mg/kg fluconazole, the mortality rates were 83?3% and 37?5%, which have a significant difference. Conclusions In this study, we successfully established a drug?resistant Candida albicans disseminative infected mice model which is potential tool for the development of new anti?infectious agent.

Objective The purpose of this study was to establish and evaluate a mouse model of sepsis for studying the mechanism of sepsis and development of anti-inflammatory drugs.Methods The sepsis in mice was induced by cecal ligation and puncture ( CLP) .The survival rates, microbial load, liver and kidney damages, cytokines and pathological changes were detected to evaluate the mouse models.Results The death of mice was closely related with the ligated sites. The mice with 50%cecal ligation displayed about 40% of 12-day survival rate, however, all the mice with 75% cecum ligation died within 4 days (P<0.01).Compared with the sham surgery group, the mice with 50% cecal ligation had a high microbial load in the blood and abdominal cavity.Leukopenia was also emerged (P<0.001).CLP mice demonstra-ted elevated levels of serum ALT, AST and BUN (P<0.01).The levels of IL1α, IL6, IL10, MIP1α, MIP1β, and TNFαwere increased a lot.The liver and lung showed obvious pathological injury at 48 h post CLP.Conclusions The established mouse model of CLP shows typical characteristics of sepsis and is an ideal tool for further study of anti-inflam-matory drugs.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of survivin and COX-2 in giant cell tumor of bone (GCT) and explore the prognostic factors for GCT.

METHODSThe expressions of survivin and COX-2 in 39 GCT tissues of three Jaffe grades and 4 normal bone tissues were detected by immunohistochemical staining, and the data were analyzed in relation to the clinicopathological features of the patients.

RESULTSThe expressions of survivin and COX-2 were significantly higher in the GCT tissues than in normal bone tissues (P<0.01). A positive correlation was found between survivin and COX-2 expressions and the pathological grade (P<0.01), but their expressions were not correlated to the patients' gender, age or surgical approaches (P>0.05). An obviously lowered recurrence rate was observed in patients with resection of the bone segment compromised by the tumor and subsequent bone grafting. Survivin and COX-2 were not independent risk factors of the prognosis of GCT.

CONCLUSIONSurvivin and COX-2 expressions may participate in the pathogenesis and development of GCT, but is not indicative of the prognosis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Giant Cell Tumor of Bone ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; Male ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Young Adult

Purpose To study the molecular mechanism of miR-185 affecting the migration and invasion of human lung cancer cell.Methods MiR-185 overexpression was obtained by transfection of miR-185 mimic in lung squamous cell carcinoma cell line H520 and A549,transwell assay and cell scratch assay were used to detection of cell migration and invasion.The luciferase reporter assay confirmed that miR-185 targets the Six1 gene.qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the impact of miR-185 cells Six1 gene expression.Western blot was used to detect the effect of miR-185 overexpression on the epithelialmesenchymal transition of lung cancer cells.Results miR-185overexpression reduced migration and invasion of lung cancer cells (P ＜ 0.05),increased epithelial cell marker E-cadherin expression (P ＜ 0.01),and decreased the expression of mesenchymal cell markers vimentin of (P ＜ 0.01).After overexpression of miR-185 in H520 cells,the expression level of Six1gene was reduced (P＜0.01).MiR-185 regulated the migration and invasion of lung cancer cells by targeting the Six1 gene.Conclusion MiR-185 targets the Six1 gene to regulate the EMT pathway of human lung cancer cells.

The aim was to construct a prokaryotic expression plasmid encoding the fusion gene of single-chain variable fragment and monocyte chemotactic protein-3 (MCP-3). The cDNAs of immunoglobulin (Ig) VH and Ig VL were amplified by RT-PCR and assembled into the single-chain variable fragment (scFv) by recombinant PCR method. The cDNAs of Ig VH and Ig VL were connected by a (Gly4Ser)3 linker. Then, the fragments of scFv and MCP-3 were connected with a NDAQAPKS spacer, using recombinant PCR method again. The results indicated that the fusion gene of scFv-MCP-3 were constructed correctly and cloned into the prokaryotic expression plasmid successfully identified by sequencing and restriction endonucleases examination. Finally, the fusion protein was expressed in E coli DH5alpha under induction by arabinose. And the fusion protein was 65 kD and account for 30% of the total protein of the bacteria. In conclusion, a prokaryotic plasmid, encoding the fusion gene of single-chain variable fragment with MCP-3 and expressing idiotype protein vaccination against B cell lymphoma, was constructed correctly.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cancer Vaccines ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Chemokine CCL7 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Idiotypes ; immunology ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Plasmids ; genetics ; Prokaryotic Cells ; metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Vaccines, DNA ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphism and microsatellite instability (MSI) in patients with gastric cancer.

METHODSMTHFR gene C677T and A1298C polymorphism were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and MSI was examined with PCR.

RESULTSMTHFR gene C677T and A1298C polymorphisms were analyzed on 122 gastric cancers and 110 normal controls The genotype frequencies of MTHFR 677CC, 677CT and 677TT were 47.5%, 39.3% and 13.1% on patients with gastric cancer, and 48.5%, 42.6%, 8.9% in the controls respectively. There was no significant difference of genotype frequency between the two groups (P > 0.05). The individuals with 677CT genotype, 677TT genotype and 677CT + TT genotype exhibited significantly reduced risk (OR = 0.38,95% CI: 0.15-0.98; OR = 0.26,95% CI: 0.03-2.18 and OR = 0.36,95% CI: 0.07-0.98) of developing gastric cardia cancer compared with those harboring the wild-type(677CC). The individuals with 677TT genotype having a 3.03-fold (95% CI: 1.07-8.65) increased risk of developing gastric corpus cancer. The genotype frequency of MTHFR 1298AA, 1298AC and 1298CC were 59.8%, 36.1% and 4.1% in gastric cancer patients, and 57.4%, 7.6%, 5.0% in the controls, respectively. The distribution of MTHFR A1298C genotype was not significantly different between gastric cancer and controls (P > 0.05). The individuals with 1298CC genotype had a reduced risk of developing gastric antrum cancer (OR = 0.41- fold, 95% CI: 0.03-2.18, 0.05-3.72) when comparing with those having 1298AA genotype. Patients with MSI+ gastric cancer had an increased frequency of the MTHFR 677TT genotype when comparing with those suffering from MSI- gastric cancer (P = 0.009) and with controlled subjects (P = 0.008). There was no significant association found between MTHFR A1298C polymorphism and MSI (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONPolymorphism of MTHFR C677T was associated with increased risk on gastric corpus cancer and reduced risk on gastric cardia cancer. The polymorphism of MTHFR A1298C was associated with reduced risk for gastric antrum cancer while MSI pathway was possibly involved in the development of gastric cancer with MTHFR 677TT genotype.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2) ; genetics ; Microsatellite Instability ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Stomach Neoplasms ; genetics

OBJECTIVECapsaicin transfersomes were prepared and its quality specifications were evaluated.

METHODCapsaicin transfersomes were prepared by high shear dispersing machine and evaluated on the entrapment efficiency, drugs release rate and in vitro skin permeation.

RESULTCapsaicin transfersomes is composed of single unilamellar vesicles, with average size of 150.6 nm. Capsaicin entrapment efficiency achieved 96.7% while concentration of lecithin used was 8%. cumulative release amount of capsaicin was in direct proportion to the ethanol concentration in the medium. The in vitro rate cumulative penetration rate of capsaicin was higher in transfersomes than in cream and suspension in rats. Adomen skin cumulative penetration rate in vitro of capsaicin transfersomes in mouse was significantly higher than that from rat and men. In the same way,cumulative penetration rate in vitro of capsaicin transfersomes through abdomen skin epidermal membrance was significantly higher than that with derma and full skin in men.

CONCLUSIONEntrapment efficiency of capsaicin transfersomes reached 96.7%, meeting the criterion of China pharmacopia( > 80%), skin penetration of capsaicin was enhanced by a capsaicin transfersomes preparation and was affected by diverse characters and levels of skin.

Administration, Cutaneous ; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Animals ; Capsaicin ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Drug Carriers ; Drug Delivery Systems ; methods ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Mice ; Particle Size ; Phosphatidylcholines ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Skin ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Skin Absorption ; drug effects

BACKGROUNDParkinson's disease (PD) is an autosomally inherited neurodegenerative disease in elderly people. The etiology of PD has long been thought to be associated with both genetic and environmental factors. To explore potential genetic risk factors for PD in the northern Han Chinese population, we investigated three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs4538475, rs11107 and rs12564040) in the BST1, PARK15 and PARK9 genes.

METHODSGenomic DNA from 215 PD patients and 212 matched controls was amplified in two independent PCR systems and subsequently genotyped by digestion with the endonuclease PstI. Genetic parameter and association studies were carried out with SPSS 13.0 and PLINK 1.07 software.

RESULTSWe could accurately detect all genotypes in the three loci with the PCR-RFLP or mismatched PCR-RFLP techniques. The observed heterozygosities of the rs4538475 and rs11107 loci in PD and control groups ranged from 0.460 - 0.481 and 0.410 - 0.441, in BST1, PARK15 respectively, while we detected no heterozygosity at the rs12564040 locus in PARK9. The similar distributions of genotypic frequency between both groups suggest that the three SNPs investigated in this study are unlikely to play roles as common risk factors or pathogenic mutations for PD in northern Han Chinese.

CONCLUSIONThe SNPs investigated in the BST1, PARK15 and PARK9 genes associated with PD susceptibility are not associated with PD in the northern Han Chinese population.

ADP-ribosyl Cyclase ; genetics ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antigens, CD ; genetics ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; F-Box Proteins ; genetics ; Female ; GPI-Linked Proteins ; genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parkinson Disease ; genetics ; Parkinsonian Disorders ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; genetics ; Young Adult