AlM: To compare the effects of external approach microsurgery and conventional external approach surgery for retinal detachment ( RD) .METHODS: From January 2010 to January 2013, 60 patients (60 eyes) in our hospital were randomly divided into experimental group (29 cases, 29 eyes) and control group ( 31 cases, 31 eyes ) , the external approach microsurgery and conventional external approach surgery were performed respectively ( by the same skilled doctor ) . Retinal reattachment rate, visual acuity improvement rate and operative time were compared between two groups.RESULTS:lt cost shorter time for the external approach microsurgery than that of conventional external approach surgery ( P = 0. 0087 ). The once successful retinal reattachment rate in experimental group was 93% ( 27 cases ) , which was higher than that in control group (90%, 28 cases), there was no statistical difference. The vision improvement rate in control group was 86% ( 25 cases ) , compare to 90% ( 28 cases ) in experimental group, there was no statistical differences. CONCLUSlON: No statistical differences showed in visual acuity improvement and the once retinal reattachment rate between the two groups for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. However, it is believed that external approach microsurgery could be faster, easier to learn with satisfactory effect.

Objective To screen and identify the dengue virus-specific antigens,then establish the ELISA detection method for dengue virus antibody.Methods Using bioinformatic software DNAStar and ANTHEPROT to analyze the hydrophilicity,flexibility,surface probability and antigenicity of dengue virus type 1-4,Japanese encephalitis virus and Yellow fever virus M,E and NSI protein amino acid sequence and also consider the influence of secondary structure.Then in accordance with epitopes localion and amino acid sequence similarity,forecast the share and specific epitopes.Reference the sequence information of different dengue virus strains in GenBank to analyze the epitopes conservative.Based on the results of bioinformatic analysis,5 specific epitopes were amplified and inserted into prokaryotic expression vector pMAL-C2x or pET32a.Then the vectors was transferred into E.coli Rosetta( DE3 ).lsopropyl-β-D-thiogalactoside(IPTG) was used to induce the expression of gene segments.SDS-PAGE were used to identify the expression proteins,and the antigenicity were tested using Western blot.Using the antigen selected by Western blot,ELISA method for dengue virus antibody detection was established.Results Eighty shared epitopes and 25 specific epitopes were forecasted,and 5 antigenic fragments encloude analyzed epitopes from dengue virus type 2 and 3 were expressed in E.coli successfully.One dengue virus type 1-4 shared antigens (Den-Ag5),one dengue virus type 2 and 4 shared antigens( DenAg3),one dengue virus type 1-3 shared antigens(Den-Ag2) and two dengue virus type 1,2 and 4 shared antigens( Den-Ag1,Den-Ag4)were conformed using Western blot.Using antigens Den-Ag5,Den-Ag1 and DenAg2,the ELISA method for dengue virus antibody detection were established.Conclusion Based on the bioinformatic analysis and Western blot verification,5 dengue virus specific antigen were conformed,and the ELISA detection method for dengue virus antibody were established.

OBJECTIVE:To eualuate the situation and the tondency of antihyperlipidemics used in Guangdong Province.METHODS:The sales volume,DDDs and daily expense of antihyperlipidemics in Guangdong Province from2000to2003were investigated and analyzed.RESULTS:The sales volumes of cardiovascular agents from2000to2003had been increasing.The proportion of antihyperlipidemics to cardiovascular agents in respect of sales volume assumed a decreasing tendency from2001.Simvastatin dominated over all other drugs in respect of sales volume and DDDs.CONCLUSION:HMG-CoA reductase in-hibitor and natural drugs dominate in the antihyperlipidemics market of Guangdong Province.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a HPLC method for the determination of 5-fluorouracil in human plasma METHODS:The plasma samples were extracted with ethyl acetate-isopropanol(85∶15,V/V)following precipitation of plasma proteins with ammonium sulfate The solvent was evaporated to dryness under a stream of nitrogen The dry extract was dissolved in mobile phase and then injected into the Diamonsil C18 column(150mm?4 6mm,5?m)and 0 01mol/L KH2 PO4(pH5 5) was taken as mobile phase The flow rate was 1 5ml/min,UV detection wavelength was 267nm The internal standard was 5-bromouracil RESULTS:The minimal detectable drug concentration in plasma was 0 025?g/ml The calibration curve was linear over a range from 0 3?g/ml to 10?g/ml The intra-day RSD≤5 0%(n=5) and the inter-day RSD≤11 5%(n=5) CONCLUSION:The method can be used for studying the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of 5-fluorouracil

Objective To observe the effect of Tongqiao Huoxue decoction on the changes of motilin (MTL) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and its protective effect on gastric mucosa in rats with cerebral infarction at acute stage.Methods According to random number table, 96 Wistar rats were divided into six groups: normal control, sham operation, cerebral infarction model, cimetidine, Tongqiao Huoxue decoction routine dose and low dose groups, eachn = 16. Cerebral infarction model group was established by using a suture to ligate the middle cerebral artery, resulting in its occlusion. The rats of cerebral infarction model group and sham operation group were lavaged with 2 mL of normal saline. Tongqiao Huoxue decoction routine dose group was lavaged with 2 mL of Tongqiao Huoxue decoction (1.3 g/mL), while Tongqiao Huoxue decoction low dose group was lavaged with 1 mL of Tongqiao Huoxue decoction (1.3 g/mL) plus 1 mL of normal saline. Cimetidine group was lavaged with cimetidine (0.1 g/kg), and nothing was done for the normal control group. On the 4th and 7th day after the delivery of treatment, inferior vena venous blood samples were collected to detect the plasma MTL and VIP concentrations. Then the gastric tissues were obtained and examined under an electron microscope.Results There were no statistically significant differences between the normal control group and sham operation group in plasma levels of MTL and VIP (bothP > 0.05). The plasma levels of MTL and VIP at 4 days and 7 days after the delivery of treatment in cerebral infarction model group were higher than those in the normal control group and sham operation group [4 days MTL (ng/L): 189.51±13.48 vs. 117.01±11.38, 117.67±12.73, VIP (ng/L): 94.86±4.14 vs. 60.98±5.42, 62.55±6.60, bothP < 0.05; 7 days: MTL (ng/L): 183.05±14.49 vs. 119.79±10.64, 120.27±11.48, VIP (ng/L): 91.92±3.77 vs. 59.63±4.29, 58.10±4.99, bothP < 0.05]. Plasma levels of MTL and VIP in cimetidine group, Tongqiao Huoxue decoction routine dose group and low dose group were significantly lower than those in cerebral infarction model group. Compared with Tongqiao Huoxue decoction low dose group and cimetidine group, the degrees of descent in plasma levels of MTL and VIP were apparently lower on the 7th day in Tongqiao Huoxue decoction routine dose group [MTL (ng/L): 138.72±8.02 vs. 152.16±12.66, 156.60±11.87, bothP < 0.05; VIP (ng/L):68.18±3.41 vs. 81.12±3.98, 78.89±2.13, bothP < 0.05]. The results of electron microscope: compared with normal control group and sham operation group, obvious pathological changes in gastric mucosa in model group were found. In Tongqiao Huoxue decoction routine group, Tongqiao Huoxue decoction low dose group and cimetidine group, the gastric mucosal lesions were milder, and the curative effects of Tongqiao Huoxue decoction routine group were much better.Conclusions During the acute stage of cerebral infarction, significant damage is seen in gastric mucosa in rats. Tongqiao Huoxue decoction not only can effectively regulate the expression levels of MTL and VIP, but also has certain protective effect on gastric mucosa, and its efficacy being directly proportional to the dosage.

Objective To investigate the application of real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (RT-3D TEE) in quantification of the aortic anuulus diameter in patients with severe aortic stenosis.Methods RT-3D TEE image of aortic root was get perioperatively in 65 patients with sever aortic valve stenosis during the surgery procedure.The aortic annulus was reconstructed in the quantitative analysis software to generate the parameters of 3-dimensional area based aortic anuulus diameter(3D-AAAD) and 3-dimensional circumference based aortic anuulus diameter(3D-C-AAD).The parameters was compared with intraoperative aortic anuulus diameter(IO-AAD),which was get by the standard cylindrical valve sizer.Results The three dimensional form of the aortic annulus was related to the number of the valves.The value of 3D-C AAD and 3D-A-AAD were (22.4 ± 2.1) mm,(23.4 ± 1.9) mm,no significant difference could be detected between them and the IO-AAD (P ＜ 0.05).The 3D-C-AAD had a better agreements with IO-AAD than 3D-A-AAD.Conclusions RT-3D TEE can reconstruct the three dimensional sharp of aortic anuulus,and can be used as quantitative tools to calculate its diameter.

Objective To explore the impact of pancreatobiliary reflux (PBR) in normal pancreatobiliary junction on gallbladder.Methods A total of 54 patients receiving cholecystectomy for gallbladder diseases underwent ultrasonography to evaluate the thickness of gallbladder wall,inner layer and gallbladder wall blood flow before operation.The bile juice was sampled during ERCP in 45 patients with common bile duct stone and during cholecystectomy in 9 patients to detect amylase level.All patients with normal pancreatobiliary junction enrolled in the study were assigned into PBR group (n =24) and controlled group (n =30) according to their bile amylase level.Resected gallbladder specimens were examined histopathologically and then tested for expression of COX2,Ki-67 and p53 immunohistochemically.Results PBR group included 20 cases of cholelithiasis and 4 gallbladder polyp,among which 23 were occult PBR (OPBR) and 1 high confluence of pancreatobiliary ducts (HCPBD),which was similar to pancreatobiliary maljunction (PBM) pathologically.The control group recruited 28 cases of cholelithiasis and 2 gallbladder polyp.There were no differences in frequency of inflammation,hyperplasia,metaplasia or expression of p53 between the two groups (p ＞ 0.05),while higher presence of dysplasia and higher expression of COX2 and Ki-67 were seen in PBR group (p ＜ 0.05).Conclusion In patients with OPBR,although hyperplasia and metaplasia in gallbladder epithelium were similar to those induced by cholelithiasis,dysplasia and active proliferation might relate to progress to malignancy.

Objective To evaluate the usefulness of real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (RT-3D TEE) in the perventricular device occlusion of the ventricular septal defect (VSD).Methods Sixty patients underwent perventricular device occlusion of VSD were divided into two groups.Group A:30 patients,3D images of VSD were obtained intraoperatively by RT-3D TEE.3D images were analyzed and the maximal and minimum area and maximal diameter of VSD were measured in the cardiac cycle.The size of selected VSD occluder was the diameter calculated from the maximal area based on the formula πD2/4 and plus 1～2 mm.Simultaneously,two dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (2D TEE) images of VSD were obtained and measured on standard views.Group B:other 30 patients,intraoperative 2D TEE was performed to measure the diameter of VSD on standard views.The selection VSD occluder was based on the maximal diameter plus 1～2 mm.Results The VSDs shape showed oval,class round and irregular by RT-3D TEE imaging.There was a significant difference between the maximal area and smallest area of VSD appeared in the cardiac cycle obtained by RT-3D TEE (P<0.01).There was a significant difference between the maximal diameter by measurement of RT-3D TEE and 2D TEE (P<0.01).Of all 30 patients with evaluation of VSD size based on the RT-3D TEE,1.1 times attempts of device occlusion were performed on one patient (33/30).Of the other 30 cases with evaluation of VSD size by 2D TEE,2 cases were failed with device occlusion because of instant residual shunt.Of the remaining 28 cases,1.43 attempts of device occlusion were performed on one patient (40/28).Conclusions RT-3D TEE can accurately reveal the size of VSD,and aid in the selection of VSD occluder in the device occluding procedure of VSD.

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ultrasonically activated hematoporphyrin on ultrastructure of ehrlich ascites tumor(EAT) cells and to evaluate the potential mechanism of action inducing this cytotoxicity. Methods EAT cells in vitro were exposed to ultrasound at 2^0?MHz and 1^5?W/cm+2 for 3?min in the presence or absence of hematoporphyrin.The changes of ultrastructure of sample preparation for different time were observed by transmission electron microscope. Results The degree of destruction of treated EAT cells was enhanced with the increasing of time for the sample preparation.The sites destroyed mainly involved cell membrane,mitochondrion,endoplasmic reticulum and cell nuclei.Furthermore,morphoiogical characters of ultrasound-activated hematoporphyrin induced apoptosis were observed on EAT cells.Conclusion The killing of tumor cells was ascribed mainly to the damage of ultrastructure induced by ultrasound in combined with hematoporphyrin,apoptosis was also induced during ultrasound and hematoporphyrin killing process.;

Aim To investigate the effects of anti-in-flammation and antioxidation of an amphiphilic curcu-min derivative (Curc-OEG)on CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats.Methods Rats were randomly divided into four groups:control group,model group,curcumin and Curc-OEG treatment group.All rats except those in control group were given subcuta-neous injection of CCl4 and olive oil mixture,twice a week for 8 weeks.After 4 weeks,rats of control and model group were trea-ted with normal saline intravenously,curcumin group were ad-ministered with curcumin 400 mg.kg -1 .d -1 by gavage and Curc-OEG group were treated with Curc-OEG 1 00 mg.kg -1 .d -1 intra-venously respectively.After 4 weeks treatment,the serum levels of ALT and AST were tested.HE and Sirus staining were used to evaluate the extent of liver inflammation and fibrosis.The mRNA expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines of NF-kB,IL-1 β, IL-6,TNF-α,COX-2 were observed with Real Time PCR.The level of MOD,SOD and GSH in liver of rats were quantified. Results The levels of ALT in control,model,curcumin and Curc-OEG group was (31 .7 ±8.7)U·L -1 ,(383.0 ±75.6) U·L -1 ,(406.3 ±204.7)U·L -1 ,(1 07.0 ±73.7)U·L -1 respectively;that of AST was (1 37.7 ±32.7)U·L -1 ,(585.3 ±36.7)U·L -1 ,(485.0 ±246.5)U·L -1 ,(202.7 ±56.0) U·L -1 respectively,Curc-OEG possessed more hepatoprotective effects than that of curcumin.Liver pathology showed Curc-OEG treatment could significantly alleviate steatosis,reduce inflamma-tion and apparently suppress hepatic fibrogenesis by reducing the thickness of bridging fibrotic septa.Compared with curcumin, Curc-OEG down-regulated mRNA and protein expression levels of NF-kB,IL-1 β,IL-6,TNF-α,COX-2 (P <0.05 ).Moreo-ver,Curc-OEG reduced the level of MOD and increased the lev-els of SOD and GSH.Conclusion Curc-OEG could more sig-nificantly protect the rat liver from CCl4-caused fibrogenesis by anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect than curcumin.