OBJECTIVETo measure hip bone mineral density (BMD) on different femoral rotations and to identify the influence of femoral rotation during hip densitometry.

METHODSForty women were recruited at the out-department of orthopedic, with the average age of 60.7 years (45-85 years), the average height of 161.8 cm (150-175 cm), and the average weight of 67.4 kg (48-80 kg). BMD measurement of hip was done in neutral position (0 degrees), 15 degrees and 30 degrees of internal rotation under quality control of DXA machine. All the subjects were asked to get down scan table and reposition after each measuring in different rotation.

RESULTSHip BMD of proximal femur (femoral neck, Ward's area and trochanter region) have significant variations in measurement (P < 0.01) among neutral position, 15 degrees and 30 degrees of internal rotation. There were more BMD change at the cancellous region (Ward's triangle and trochanter region) than at cortical bone area (femoral neck region). Statistical analysis showed a significant positive correlation for hip BMD change between neutral degrees to 15 degrees of internal rotation and 15 degrees to 30 degrees of internal rotation. But no correlation between neutral degrees to 30 degrees of internal rotation for hip BMD change.

CONCLUSIONSFemoral rotation was shown to have a significant effect on hip BMD measurements. Cortical bone region of hip have a less BMD change than cancellous bone region. Proper positioning of the femur during scan can improve precision significantly.

Absorptiometry, Photon ; methods ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Density ; Female ; Femur ; Hip ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Posture ; Rotation

To study the anti-tumor metastatic constituents in Rhodiola wallichiana (HK) S H Fu var Cholaensis (Praeg) S H Fu, chemical constituents were isolated and purified by repeated column chromatography (silica gel, Toyopearl HW-40C and preparative HPLC). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral data analysis. The anti-tumor metastasis assay was applied to evaluate the activities of the isolated compounds. Ten compounds (1-10) were isolated and their structures were identified by comparison of their spectral data with literature as follows: syringic acid (1), salidroside (2), tyrosol (3), scaphopetalone (4), berchemol (5), 2,6-dimethoxyacetophenone (6), rhobupcyanoside A (7), miyaginin (8), chavicol-4-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1 --> 6)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (9), eugenyol-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1 --> 6)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (10). Compounds 4-6 and 8-10, were isolated from this genus for the first time, while compound 7 was isolated from this plant for the first time. Compounds 2, 6-8 showed positive anti-tumor metastatic activities, and compounds 2 and 8 showed significant anti-tumor metastatic activities.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; prevention & control ; Rhodiola ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo apply pulse magnetic acupuncture at scalp acupoints to treat acute cerebral infarction and to explore the mechanism.

METHODSA pulse magnetic acupuncture group, a routine acupuncture group and a static magnetic acupuncture group were set up, 30 cases in each group. Their clinical therapeutic effects were observed.

RESULTSThe cured-markedly effective rate was 80.0% in the pulse magnetic acupuncture group and 70.3% in the routine acupuncture group with no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05), which were significant difference with 36.6% in the static magnetic acupuncture group (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONPulse magnetic acupuncture and routine acupuncture at scalp acupoints have same therapeutic effect on acute cerebral infarction, which is superior to that of static magnetic acupuncture.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Cerebral Infarction ; therapy ; Humans ; Scalp ; Stroke ; therapy

Adult ; Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mining ; Occupational Exposure ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications ; mortality ; Survival Analysis ; Tuberculosis ; complications ; mortality

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA) on differentiation of HL-60 cells and its possible molecular mechanism. HL-60 cells were co-cultured with different concentrations of HMBA (0.5, 1, 2 mmol/L) for 4 days, then the proliferation was assayed by MTT at different time points. Wright-Giemsa staining was used to observe the change in morphology. Cell differentiation antigen CD11b expression and the altered distribution of cell cycle in HL-60 induced by HMBA were analyzed by flow cytometry. The expressions of c-myc, mad1, p21, p27, hTERT and HDAC1 mRNA were detected by RT-PCR. The results indicated that the proliferation of HL-60 cells was inhibited by HMBA in a time-and-dose-dependent manner. Upon 2 mmol/L HMBA treatment, the HL-60 cells arrested at G(0)/G(1) phase and differentiated into granular line in morphology, with the up-regulation of CD11b expression. The expression of c-myc and hTERT mRNA obviously down-regulated, the expression of p21, p27 and mad1 mRNA up-regulated, while there was no change of the expression of hTERT mRNA. It is concluded that effect of HMBA on the differentiation of HL-60 cells may partly contribute to switch from c-myc to mad1 expression, to up-regulate expressions of p21 and p27 mRNA, and down-regulate hTERT mRNA expression, while there is no relation with the expression of HDAC1 mRNA.
Acetamides ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; genetics ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of angiogenesis inhibitor YH-16 in combination with 5-FU on liver metastasis of colorectal cancer.

METHODSIn vitro, the inhibitory effects of YH-16 and 5-FU on the growth of vascular endothelial cells and colorectal cancer cells were examined by MTT assay. In vivo, colorectal cancer cells were transplanted into BALB/c mice, and the mice were divided into six groups randomly:control group, low-dose YH-16 group, middle-dose YH-16 group, high-dose YH-16 group, 5-FU group and combination group. The number of liver metastases, the size of primary tumor and the toxicity were examined after 2 weeks postoperatively. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in liver metastases was detected by immunohistochemistry, and tumor microvessel density (MVD) was measured by immunostaining with CD34 and factor VIII (monoclonal antibodies.

RESULTSIn vitro, YH-16 inhibited the growth of colon cancer cells and vascular endothelial cells, with the IC50 at (2.16+/-0.28) microg/ml and (0.64+/-0.10) microg/ml respectively. In vivo high-dose YH-16 and 5-FU had a remarkable inhibitory effect on liver metastasis, and the combination group showed significant enhancement on this effect (P< 0.05). The combination group and 5-FU group could inhibit the growth of primary tumor, but not found in YH-16 group. The toxicity of YH-16 was lower than that of 5-FU (P< 0.05), and the difference was not found in the toxicity between combination group and 5-FU group (P > 0.05). Expression of VEGF in liver metastases was clearly inhibited by YH-16 in combination with 5-FU or 5-FU alone compared to the control group, and MVD in middle-dose and high-dose YH-16 group, 5-FU group and combination group was lower than that in control group (P< 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe angiogenesis inhibitor YH-16 can inhibit liver metastasis of colorectal cancer through inhibiting the growth of vascular endothelial cells. YH-16 in combination with 5-FU has additive effect on inhibitory activity against liver metastasis.

Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; therapeutic use ; Liver Neoplasms ; prevention & control ; secondary ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo clarify three-grade criteria of curative resection for primary liver cancer (PLC) and evaluate their clinical significance.

METHODSCriteria of curative resection of PLC were summed up to three grades. Grade I: complete removal of all gross tumors with no residual tumor at the excision margin. Grade II: on the basis of Grade I, there was no extrahepatic metastasis, no hilar lymph node metastasis, no tumor thrombus in the main trunks and their primary tributaries of the portal vein, common hepatic duct, hepatic vein and vena cava inferior, and the tumor was not more than two in number. Grade III: in addition to the above criteria, AFP dropped to normal level (in patients with elevated AFP before surgery) within 2 months after operation, and no residual tumor upon diagnostic imaging. A total of 354 cases with PLC who had their liver resected was reviewed. Patients in each grade were divided into two portions depending on whether the treatment was curative or palliative.

RESULTSThe survival of patients receiving curative treatment was better than those receiving palliative treatment (P < 0.01). This was true for patients whose treatment belonged to anyone of the three-grade criteria. The survival was improved along with the promotion of curative criteria used. The 5-year survival rate of Grade I, II and III patients undergone curative resection was 43.2%, 51.2% and 64.4%, respectively (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSION1. The three-grade criteria may be used for judging the radicality of tumor resection for PLC. 2. The more stringent the criteria used, the better the survival would be. 3. Adopting high-grade criteria to select cases, to guide operation and postoperative follow-up would improve the results of liver resection for PLC.

Female ; Hepatectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; mortality ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVESTo detect the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of circulating DNA in the plasma of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to assess its potential as a clinical predictive marker.

METHODSThree high-polymorphic microsatellite markers D8S277, D8S298 and D8S1771 located at chromosome 8p were selected to detect LOH in plasma DNA of 62 HCC patients. The associations between LOH and its clinicopathological features, including HBsAg, liver cirrhosis, serum AFP level, tumor size, tumor cell differentiation, and intrahepatic metastasis were also examined.

RESULTSIn plasma DNA of the 62 HCC patients, LOH was found at one or several loci in 36 (58.1%), and heterozygosity at D8S277, D8S298, and D8S1771 loci was 74.2% (46/62), 75.8% (47/62), and 69.4% (43/62), respectively. LOH frequency at D8S277, D8S298 and D8S1771 was 32.6% (15/46), 44.7% (21/47), and 46.5% (20/43), respectively. LOH in plasma DNA was more frequently detected in the patients with intrahepatic cancer metastasis than those without metastasis (62.5 percent vs. 26.1 percent, P < 0.05); however, no statistically significant correlations were observed between LOH at these loci and other clinicopathological features analyzed in this study.

CONCLUSIONSLOH at D8S298 in plasma DNA may be a potential predictive marker of intrahepatic metastatic recurrence after surgical resection of the HCC.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; blood ; genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8 ; DNA ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; Loss of Heterozygosity ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective To analyze and estimate, the treatment of patients with histologically confirmed subependymal giant-cell astroeytoma (SEGCA). Methods The data from 23 patients with SEG-CA who were diagnosed between February 1995 and February 2008 were retrospectively evaluated. Various combinations of surgery and radiotherapy had been used for treatment. Results Total resection was 16 cases, subtotal resection was 7 cases, radiotherapy was 17 cases. The average follow-up time was 53 months.One postoperative SEGCA recurrence. Epilepsy was totally disappeared in 17.6% (3/17), partly disappeared in 47.1%(8/17). All cases survived. Conclusions The key of treatment is total resection. The significance of radiotherapy is not sure. The overall prognosis of SEGCA is favorable.

Objective To examine the diagnosis and outcomes in the treatment of the patients with histologically confirmed central neurocytoma (CNC). Methods The data from 71 patients with CNC who were diagnosed between March 2003 and December 2007 were retrospectively evaluated. Various combinations of surgery, and radiotherapy had been used for treatment. Results The average bulk of tumors was 40 cm3. The median follow-up was 22 months. The 22 months overall survival and local control rate was 95.8%(68/71) and 95.6%(65/68), respectively. Conclusions The overall prognosis is favorable although the follow-up is not very long. Surgery and postoperative radiotherapy can significantly improve local control.