As a pattern of manifestation of cerebral small vessel disease,cerebral microinfarct(CMI) is a very common neuropathological change in old people. It is significantly correlated w ith cognitive decline and dementia. This article review s the meuropathology, neuroimaging and clinical significance of CMI.

Purpose: To explore the relationship between the effect of docetaxel inducing apoptosis of non-small-cell lung cancer cell and intracellular level of reactive oxygen. Methods: SPC-AI lung cancer cells were treated with 10 -8mol/L docetaxel for 24 hours to observe the apoptotic morphological change under the electromicroscope and fluorescence microscope in ritro. The treated cells were harvested to analyze the cell cycles using flow cytometry and to estimate the intracellular reactive oxygen levels by staining with 2', 7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate and dihydroethidine. Results: After SPC-AI lung cancer cells were exposed to 10 ~ mol/L docetaxel for 24 hours, the typical apoptotic morphological changes were observed under the electromicroscope and fluorescence microscope. There was a higher reactive oxygen level in docetaxe-treated cells group than in control group. After 24 hours docetaxel exposure, there was a significant G2 ~'M phase arrest of SPC-AI lung cancer cells. Conclusions: Docetaxel can induce apoptosis in SPC-AI lung cancer cells through the mechanism of G2 ~ M phase arrest and by elevating intracellular level of reactive oxygen.

Objective To explore the pathognomonic findings of anaphylactic shock in forensic medicine. Methods Animal model of anaphylactic shock was developed in guinea pigs. Substance P level in plasma was determined radioimmunoassay, and detected in laryngopharyneal tissue and the lungs by immunohistochemical SABC method followed by image analysis using BI - 2000 image analyzing system. Positive index (PI) was calculated. Results There was a statistically significant difference for substance P concentration in plasma between the guinea pigs with anaphylactic shock (131.01? 18.93pg/?l)and the control animals (87.70 ?7. 60pg/?l) (P

OBJECTIVE:To prepare Sophora alopecurodies suppository for treating prostatitis chronica and observe its clinical therapeutic effect METHODS:The content of the total alkaloid in the suppository was determined with acid dye spectrophotometry and the therapeutic effect was observed in comparison with qianliean suppository RESULTS:The linear range of TASa was 0 14～15 4?g/ml,standard oxymatriner's recovery was 101 2%,RSD=0 55% CONCLUSION:This suppository is simple in preparation,reliable in quality-control It is slight in irritation to rectum and effective in clinical use The preparation is worth popularizing in clinical practice

Objective To optimize an integration technique for extracting the liposoluble and water-soluble components of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Methods Salvianolic acid B and Tanshinone ⅡA were selected as marker components and determined by HPLC to optimize the integration extract process of Salvia miltiorrhiza by orthogonal test. Results The liposoluble and water-soluble active components of Salvia miltiorrhiza were efficiently extracted by the optimum integration technique. The integration technique for extracting was obtained:Salvia miltiorrhiza was added with 8 times alcohol of 70% and extracted 1 hour for 2 times. Conclusion The liposoluble and water-soluble active components of Salvia miltiorrhiza can be extracted simultaneously by the novel extraction process which was reasonable and feasible. This new technique can be employed to reduce time, working and energy, and be suitable for the morden production.

Objective To assess the effectiveness of the acupuncture treatmeat on anxiety compared with non-acupuncture intervention. Method All of the randomized or quasi-randomized trials involving were reviewed systemantically with the Meta analysis method. The homogeneity test was mode, the standandised mean difference (95% CI) and add risk (OR, 95% CI) were tested. Results Homogeneity test was made among the trials and no significant difference between the acupucture and non-acupuncture groups. Fixed effect model was used. ORP =1.759 419 579, 95% CI (1.336 391, 2.316 356), there was significant difference between the acupuncture group and medicine group as the interventions used to treat anxiety while there was no difference between the two group on the influence in HAMA. Conclusion The Meta analysis results was a trend in favor of acupuncture effectiveness. It seems no serious adverse reactions have been found. But there was no sufficient reliable evidence due to the low quality of the trials and possible publication bias. Further randomized, double blind controlled trials are needed.

Objective To explore the survival mechanism of hippocampal ne urons after damage of hypoxia-ischemia and reperfusion of brain.Methods Seven days old SD rats(n=56) were randomly divided into hypoxia-ischemia br a in iniury(HIBD) group and sham group.The HIBD and reperfusion model was establis hed.The flowing of blood was de tected by multicolor Doppler.The p-CREB(phosphorylated c-AMP response element bi nding protein)and c-Jun were immunohistochemically evaluated in hippocampus.Thi onin staining was used to observe the apoptosis.Results The expression of p-CREB reache d the peak at 3,24 h postreperfusion in the right hippocampus of HIBD group,and then decreased to the normal level on the 7th day.In contral group the same reg ions showed basic immn-noreactivity.While c-Jun reached the peak at 6 h postreperfusion,then with a slightly decrease at 24 h;and at 48 h the other peak appeared,then with a gradual decline .On the 7th day the mumber of positive cells were still significanthy more than control group(P0.05).The sham animal showed very few apoptosis cells in the regio ns of hippocampus.Conclusions The persistent activation of CREB in the hippocampus regulates,the expression of c-Jun through the signal transductions and is involved in the course of neuron s′ survival and repair during the period of post hypoxia-ischemia reperfusion.I t is very important for the protection of the pyramidal hippocampal neurons on t he damaged side,especially for the sensitive region CA1. J Appl Clin Pediatr,2005,20(2):133-135

Patients with gastrointestinal diseases are more likely to exhibit malnutrition. Nutritional support is needed for those who are with malnutrition or at risk. Nutritional support can be categorized into enteral nutrition and parenteral nutrition. With the widely application of nutritional support,more and more attention has been paid on its role in gastrointestinal diseases. It not only can improve the nutritional status,but also can alleviate the clinical symptoms to some extent and improve prognosis,which makes it a kind of extremely important treatment modality for gastrointestinal diseases. In this article,the advances in study on nutritional support of gastrointestinal diseases were reviewed.

Objective To explore the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on behaviors and hippocampus neuronal apoptosis in rats with chronic stress-induced depression.Methods 40 male SD rats of SPF grade were randomly divided into normol control group (n =8) and model preparation group (n =30) after screening.Rats in model preparation group were singly housed and given chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS) to build depression model.Excluding unsuccessful modeling rats,the model preparation group was divided into three groups:model group(n=8,without any treatment),rTMS group (n=8,with the intervention of 10 Hz rTMS) and shame group (n=8,simulation of rTMS environment without rTMS stimulus).The changes of behaviors in each group were detected by weight measurement,sucrose consumption test and open-field test.The changes of morphology of hippocampal neurons were detected by Nissl's staining.The changes of Bax in hippocampal neuron were detected by Immunohistochemical staining.Results (1) Behavioral results showed stress for 21 d could make rat behavior scores decrease significantly(all P＜0.05),and rTMS intervention could significantly improve their behavior scores (all P＜0.01).Compared with model group,the weight reduction rate (0.32±0.05)％,the score of sucrose consumption test(7.03 ± 1.02) and the score of open field test(8212.41 ± 1416.15,8.75 ± 1.58) in rTMS group was higher(P ＜0.01).(2) Nissl staining showed stress for 21 d could make the number of hippocampal CA3 neurons was reduced,cell morphology was poor,and the number of Nissl bodies was reduced.rTMS intervention could increase the number of hippocampal CA3 neurons,cell morphology was integral and the number of Nissl bodies was increased.(3) Immunohistochemistry results showed stress for 21 d could cause the number of Bax cell were significantly increased(P＜0.01),and rTMS intervention can make the number of Bax cell were significantly lower(P＜0.01).Conclusion rTMS intervention improves the depressive behavior in chronic stress depression model rats and inhibits the apoptosis,which might work through inhibition of neuron apoptosis and decline of Bax expression in hippoeampal neurons.

Objective To observe the effects of the intervention of Didang Decoction at different times on changes of AMPK signaling pathway related factors in macrovascular endotheliocytes of diabetic rats; To discuss the mechanism of mitochondria energy metabolism regulating the AMPK signaling pathway for macrovascular endothelial defense function. Methods Injection of STZ into the caudal vein and administration of high fat diet wer used to generate diabetic rat model. All rats were randomly divided into the following 7 groups: control, model, metformin, simvastatin, early-, middle-, and late-stage Didang Decoction group. Western blot was used to detect the expressions of APMKα1 and PGC-1α in rat aortic endothelial cells. Changes in the intracellular AMP and ATP levels were detected by ELISA. Real time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detected mRNA expressions of Caspase-3, eNOS, and Bcl-2 in tissue of thoracic aorta. Results Compared with the model group, the expressions of AMPKα1 and PGC-1α in the early-stage and middle-stage Didang Decoction group and simvastatin group increased (P<0.05); the gene expressions of Bcl-2, and eNOS significantly increased in the early-stage Didang Decoction group and simvastatin group (P<0.05), while the expressions of Caspase-3 decreased significantly (P<0.05). The expression of ATP increased significantly and the expression of AMP decreased significantly in the early-stage Didang Decoction group and simvastatin group (P<0.05), and the best effects were shown in the early-stage Didang Decoction group. Conclusion Early intervention of Didang Decoction can enhance energy metabolism in the mitochondria of macrovascular endothelial cells by regulating the AMPK signaling pathway, and then plays a role in strengthening the defense function of macrovascular endothelial cells.