China ; Clinical Competence ; Educational Measurement ; Employment ; Guidelines as Topic ; Humans ; Licensure, Dental ; Professional Practice ; Surgery, Oral ; standards

Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Infant, Premature, Diseases ; drug therapy ; Klebsiella Infections ; drug therapy ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; enzymology ; Male ; Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated ; prevention & control ; beta-Lactamases ; biosynthesis

Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) was developed to investigate the structure stability of novel camptothecin derivative (L-P) at different pH,the kinetics and thermodynamics of hydrolysis reaction from lactone form to carboxylate form direction at near physiological conditions (pH 7.4,310 K). Uncoated fused-silica capillaries(35 cm×50 μm i. d,with effective length of 26.5 cm) were used. The background electro-lyte( BGE) was 0.025 mol/L sodium phosphate buffer with pH varied at 2.5,4.0,5.0,6.0,7.0,7.4 and 9. 0. The electrophoresis voltage was maintained at 14 kV when the pH of BGE ranged between 2.5 and 5.0,otherwise,the voltage was maintained at 10 kV. The UV detector was set at 260 nm. All samples were introduced using hydrodynamic injection at 5 kPa for 4 s. L-P was found to be lactone form as the solution pH was below 4. 0. As pH increased,the lactone form of L-P would undergo hydrolysis reaction to be carboxylate form. As pH was 9.0,L-P existed almost completely as carboxylate form. The rate constant of the hydrolysis increased as temperature raise. The energy of activation ( Ea) ,the enthalpy ( ΔH) and entropy (ΔS) of the hydrolysis reaction were determined as 72. 6 kJ/mol,10. 5 kJ/mol and 50. 9 J/( mol K) ,respectively. The proposed capillary zone electrophoresis could efficiently separate two pH-dependent structural forms of the novel camptothecin derivative( L-P). The positive enthalpy and entropy values of the L-P hydrolysis indicated that the reaction was endothermic and entropically driven and higher temperature favored.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize freeze-drying technology of albendazole nanosuspension so as to prepare albendazole nanometer powder. METHODS:By adopting freeze-drying method,with particle size and Zeta potential as the indexes,single fac-tor test and verification were made on pre-freezing temperature and the type,ratio and mass fraction of cryoprotectants,and then the albendazole nanosuspension prepared by liquid phase precipitation method was made into albendazole nanometer powder. RE-SULTS:When the pre-freezing temperature was-20℃and the cryoprotectant was 4%glucose-mannitol(3∶7),the average parti-cle size of the prepared nanometer powder was (208.03 ± 2.13) nm,and average Zeta potential was (-15.53 ± 0.18) mV. CON-CLUSIONS:Albendazole nanometer powder with better particle size and potential can be prepared by freeze-drying technology.

AIM: To evaluate the effect of carbon monoxide(CO) on the permeability of brain blood barrier(BBB) in cerebral ischemic rats. METHODS: SD rats were divided into three groups. Saline, hemin or ZnPP were injected intraperitoneally 12 h before middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), respectively. The concentration of blood CO and the permeability of BBB at 24 h after MCAO were measured. RESULTS: The CO concentration in blood in hemin group was higher than that in saline group( P 0.05). CONCLUSION: CO reduced the permeability of BBB as a messenger gas molecular when its intrinsic concentration was elevated.

Animals ; Gene Expression ; Hypoxia ; metabolism ; Prefrontal Cortex ; metabolism ; Rats ; Somatomedins ; metabolism

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics,management and pregnancy outcome in patients with ovarian tumor and ovarian tumor like condition complicated with pregnancy.Methods The clinical data of 248 patients with ovarian tumor and ovarian tumor like condition eomplicated with pregnancy who treated,operated and pathology conducted from January 2003 to December 2009 was analyzed retrospectively.Results Among of 248 patients,8 patients were found by pelrioscopy,184 patients were found by sonography.The rate of ovarian tumor and ovarian tumor like condition during pregnancy was 0.49％ (248/50 652),about 52.82％(131/248)were diagnosed as benign tumor,most of them were ovarian mature teratoma(22.18％,55/248).About 45.56％(113/248)were diagnosed as ovarian tumor like condition,most of them were ovarian chocolatecyst(23.79％,59/248).Four patients(1.61％,4/248)were ovarian malignant tumor.Two hundred and sixteen received operation,term birth was in 164 patients,premature birth was in 19 patients,miscarriage was in 33 patients.Conclusions Pelvioscopy and sonogaraphy are principally important in the diagnosis and detection of ovarian tumor during pregnancy.Pregnancy complicated with ovarian tumor or ovarian tumor like condition should be treated by tumor resection.Suitable surgery intervention during second trimester is safe.

With more and more attention and investment on acupuncture scientific researches, considerable outcomes and achievements has been acquired, but the shortcoming of low transformation rate of acupuncture research achievements is gradually exposed. Nowadays there is no related report on this problem, so based on achievement translational research in other areas and practical situation of acupuncture, the existing problems and solutions are analyzed. As a result, the existing problems include (1) the research content is mainly basic research and clinical research but less acupuncture device research, leading to limited transformation efficiency; (2) the evaluation system and transformation pattern are still needed to be perfect. The solutions are (1) to properly evaluate the research achievements of acupuncture, (2) to advocate the concept and method of translational medicine, (3) to reform the policy and system, and (4) to establish valid platforms covering research, outcomes and transformation.
Acupuncture ; economics ; legislation & jurisprudence ; manpower ; Biomedical Research ; Biotechnology ; economics ; legislation & jurisprudence ; manpower ; China ; Humans ; Technology Transfer

Objective To compare the accuracy of real-time myocardial contrast echocardiography (RT-MCE) with DISA-SPECT in detecting hibernating myocardium. Methods Fourteen hospitalized patients with regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMA) underwent RT-MCE, DISA-SPECT, coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI). Every left ventricular myocardial segment image was acquired and evaluated according 16-segment model of American Society of Echocardiography. The Motion of every segment was observed by echocardiography after 1,3,6 months. The gold standard is that the motion of ventricular segment get better after PCI. The images of RT-MCE and DISA-SPECT were analyzed semi-quantitatively. Results The sensitivity,specificity,accuracy of RT-MCE and DISA-SPECT in detecting hibernating myocardium were 74.60%, 91.7%, 81.3% and 93.3%, 75.0%, 86.2%, respectively. RT-MCE had more value in specificity while DISA-SPECT had more value in sensitivity. The correlation between two methods was good in detecting hibernating myocardium. Conclusions RT-MCE and DISA-SPECT can be used as valuable methods to detect hibernating myocardium, the correlation between two methods is good and they have more value in specificity and sensitivity respectively.

Objective To determine the power-time-ablation scope correlogram of a water-cooled single needle electrode radiofrequency (RF) ablation system and to establish a theoretical basis for its practical application.Methods RF ablations were performed using a water-cooled single needle electrode radiofrequency ablation system developed by the authors using fresh ox liver as well as liver and muscles of healthy adult New Zealand white rabbits.The temperature of the ablation area was monitored using a multichannel thermometric system.The maximum ablation scope was determined by detecting the rim at which the temperature was no less than 50 °C.The specific absorption rate (SAR) of the isolated liver tissue was calculated.Results In the treatment voltage range of 100-130V,the process was smooth and steady.No impedance variation was obvious.The maximum diameter of a single ablation was 51 cm.With the treatment voltage at 140-170 V,a larger ablation area could be reached in less time,but eventually the impedance began to increase while the ablation area was no longer expanded.When the treatment voltage reached the range of 180-200 V the impedance almost always increased rapidly out of limits,and the treatment system stopped automatically.The measured SAR value was consistent with the theoretical value.Pathology confirmed that both liver tissue and muscle tissue manifested typical coagulative necrosis.Conclusions The power amplifier,cooling,thermometric and control sections of the RF ablation system worked stably,and the practical ablation effect met the design and clinical treatment requirements.