ObjectiveTo investigate the gene expression of Chk1 gene in cerebrum after brain ischemia-reperfusion,trying to provide evidence to elucidatethe molecular mechanism of brain injury. MethodsEighty-five male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups. Group Ⅰ served as normal control. In group Ⅱ (non-ischemia group) animals underwent the whole experimental procedures except the occlusion of the bilateral vertebro-arteries and common carotid arteries. In group Ⅲ(ischemiareperfusion group) animals were further divided into 3 subgroups according to the duration of ischemia: 10min, 30min and 60min. Each subgroup was again further divided based on the duration of reperfusion: 30min, 2h and 6h. The cerebrum was immediately removed from rats after complete brain ischemiareperfusion. The RNA was isolated and the reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was carried out . The cDNA was analyzed by automatic system and the parameters were assessed to define the status of Chk1 mRNA expression in different ischemia and reperfusion groups. ResultsThe quantity of Chk1 mRNA expression in the cerebral cortex of normal adult rat was about half of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphatedehydrogenase. When reperfused for 30min, 2h or 6h following 10min, 30 min cerebral ischemia and reperfused for 30min or 2h following 60 min cerebral ischemia, the expression of Chk1 mRNA was not significantly different from that in non-ischemia group. Only reperfused for 6h following 60 min cerebral ischemia, Chk1 mRNA expression decreased significantly. ConclusionsThe results indicate that Chk1 gene might be involved in molecular mechanism of cerebrum damage during complete global brain ischemia- reperfusion.

Objective To investigate the effects of low tidal volume ventilation on pulmonary and cardiac function before and after mitral valve replacement. Methods Thirty patients with mitral valve diseases were randomly divided into traditional tidal volume ventilation (groupⅠ), low tidal volume ventilation with conventional respiratory rate (group Ⅱ), and low tidal volume ventilation with high respiratory rate (group Ⅲ). Mean arterial pressure (MAP), cardiac output(CO), cardiac index(CI), mean pulmonary arterial pressure (MPAP), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), central venous pressure (CVP), systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI), and pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI) were monitored. Arterial oxygen tension (PaO_2), carbon dioxide tension (PaCO_2), oxygen saturation index(PaO_2/FiO_2), alveolar-arterial PO_2 gradient (PA-aO_2), and Q_S/Q_T were measured. Results Before CPB, CO in group Ⅰ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅲ (P

Objective To investigate the gene expression of Chk1 gene in cerebrum after brain ischemia-reperfusion, trying to provide evidence to elucidate the molecular mechanism of brain injury.Methods Eighty-five male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups.Group Ⅰ served as normal control.In group Ⅱ (non-ischemia group) animals underwent the whole experimental procedures except the occlusion of the bilateral vertebro-arteries and common carotid arteries.In group Ⅲ (ischemia-reperfusion group) animals were further divided into 3 subgroups according to the duration of ischemia: 10min, 30min and 60min.Each subgroup was again further divided based on the duration of reperfusion: 30min,2h and 6h.The cerebrum was immediately removed from rats after complete brain ischemia-reperfusion. The RNA was isolated and the reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was carried out .The cDNA was analyzed by automatic system and the parameters were assessed to define the status of Chk1 mRNA expression in different ischemia and reperfusion groups.Results The quantity of Chk1 mRNA expression in the cerebral cortex of normal adult rat was about half of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase. When reperfused for 30min, 2h or 6h following 10min, 30 min cerebral ischemia and reperfused for 30min or 2h following 60 min cerebral ischemia, the expression of Chk1 mRNA was not significantly different from that in non-ischemia group.Only reperfused for 6h following 60 min cerebral ischemia, Chk1 mRNA expression decreased significantly.Conclusions The results indicate that Chk1 gene might be involved in molecular mechanism of cerebrum damage during complete global brain ischemia-reperfusion.

OBJECTIVE:To determine the concentration of dehydroisoandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) in human plasma by LC-MS.METHODS:With estrogen sulfate (ES) served as an internal standard,the plasma samples were deproteinized with acetonitrile,extracted by solid phase,hydrolyzed and derivatized.Then the concentration of DHEAS was determined by HPLC-MSD on Agilent SB C18 with column temperature kept at 40℃.The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-water (in gradient elution).Atmosphere pressure chemical ion source in negative ion detection model was employed.The ions selected for SIM (selected ion monitoring) quantitative analysis included m/z 490.0 (DHEAS ) and m/z 472.1(ES)[M-H]-.RESULTS:The linear range of DHEAS was 250.0～320.0 ng?mL-1(r=0.999 4).The extraction recovery of the simulated human albumin samples ranged from 71.1%～78.9% and its relative recovery ranged from 98.3%～101.4%.Both the intra-day RSD and inter-day RSD were less than 10%.The mean concentration of DHEAS in 15 health aged male volunteers was (981.6?353.4) ng?mL-1.CONCLUSION:The method is simple,practical,accurate and sensitive,and it is applicable for the determination of plasma concentration of DHEAS.

Objective To compare everolimus (EVR) with calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) minimization or withdrawal on renal function of liver transplant patients with standard CNI therapy.Methods A search was conducted on databases which included the PubMed,Embase and Cochrane library for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing EVR with CNI with minimization or withdrawal (the EVR group) with standard CNI therapy (the standard CNIs group) on renal function of liver transplant patients.A metaanalysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.Results Five RCTs which included 1 264 patients were selected into this study.There were 790 patients in the EVR group and 474 patients in the standard CNIs group.On meta-analysis,the EVR group had significantly better renal function (SMD =0.36,95％ CI 0.09 ～ 0.64,P ＜ 0.05),but higher rates of infection (RR =1.37,95％ CI 1.08 ～ 1.74,P ＜ 0.05),dyslipidemia (RR =2.46,95％ CI 1.79 ～ 3.38) and leukopenia (RR =2.37,95％ CI 1.32 ～ 4.26).No significant differences were found on the mortality and the acute rejection rates between the two groups (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions EVR with CNI minimization or withdrawal after liver transplantation provided effective immunosuppression and improved patients' renal function.The treatment increased the rates of infection,dyslipidemia and leukopenia.

Objective To study the changes of interleukin-4(IL-4),IL-6,IL-8 in children with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP).Methods The serum of IL-4,IL-6,IL-8 in 35 ITP patients and 20 normal control children were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results The serum IL-4,IL-6,IL-8 in ITP patients were elevated. There were significant difference between ITP group and control group(P

Objective To conduct a systematic review on the safety and efficacy of enhanced recov -ery after surgery ( ERAS) in perioperative management of hepatectomy .Methods A literature search was conducted on databases which included the PubMed , Embase, Cochrane Library, Sinomed, Wangfang, VIP and CNKI for randomized controlled trials ( RCTs) on application of ERAS in patients after hepatectomy . The data collection ended in August 2015.A meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.Re-sults Eleven RCTs which included 1074 patients were selected into this study .There were 530 patients in the ERAS group and 544 patients in the control group .On Meta-analysis, when compared with the control group, the ERAS group had significantly shorter length of hospital day (WMD=-2.36, 95%CI: -3.19~-1.54 , P<0.05 ) , shorter time for functional recovery ( WMD=-2.30 , 95%CI: -3.77 ~-0.83 , P<0.05), lower total complication rate (RR=0.65, 95%CI:0.52~0.80, P<0.05), and significantly decreased rates of postoperative pulmonary infection (RR=0.36, 95%CI:0.14~0.91, P<0.05) and nausea and vomiting (RR=0.48, 95%CI:0.26~0.89, P<0.05).There were no significant differences between the two groups on the rates of postoperative bleeding , biliary fistula, abdominal infection, delayed incisional healing, wound infection and urinary tract infection (P>0.05).The ERAS group had significant-ly lower hospitalization cost (SMD=-1.61, 95%CI:-2.42~-0.80, P<0.05), but the differences between the two groups on mortality and re-admission rates were not significant (P>0.05).When compared with the control group , the drainage tube removal time ( WMD=-2.83 , 95% CI:-3.92~-1.76 , P<0.05), time to first mobilization (SMD=-2.34, 95%CI:-2.98~-1.70, P<0.05), time to first feeding ( SMD=-5.08 , 95%CI: -9.33~-0.83 , P<0.05) , time to passage of first flatus ( SMD=-3.60, 95%CI:-4.85~-2.34, P<0.05) in the ERAS group were significantly shorter , but there was no significant difference on the time to the first bowel motion ( P>0.05 ) .Conclusions ERAS in the peri-operative management of hepatectomy was safe and beneficial .

Objective To explore the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on the improve?ment of depressive behavior and the hippocampus brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in chronic stress-induced depression rats. To further investigate the possible molecular mechanism of rTMS treatment for depres?sion. Methods Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats of SPF grade were randomly divided into the blank control group (n=8) and the stress-induced group (n=30). Singly housing and chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) were used to induce the depression model in stress-induced group. Twenty-four model rats were divided into three groups:model group (with no further treatment), rTMS group (receiving 10 Hz rTMS intervention for 3 weeks) and shame group (receiving pseudo TMS treatments for 3 weeks). Weight measurement, sucrose consumption test and open-field test were used to assess the behavior changes. The rat hippocampal CA3 area of BDNF positive staining cell number and expression levels of BDNF mRNA in hippocampus were examined after intervention. Results The weight reduction rate, score of sucrose consump?tion test and the score of open field test were significantly higher in rTMS group than in model group (P<0.05). The num? ber of BDNF staining positive cells in the hippocampal CA3 area was lower in model group and shame group than in the blank control group whereas was higher in the rTMS group than in the model group (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the BDNF mRNA relative expression was significantly increased in the hippocampus of rTMS group (P<0.01). Conclusion rTMS can improve depressive behaviors of CUMS rats probably through the increase in expression of BDNF in the hippocampal neurons and neuronal regeneration.

Objective To investigate the nurses' mastery of the patients' condition and effect of incident prevention after the application of risk assessment management in elderly patients in psychiatric wards.Methods 56 inpatients spanning from January to December 2010 were enrolled as the observation group and 55inpatients spanning from January to December 2009 were enrolled as the control group.The control group received routine care,while the observation group received risk assessment management based on routine care,which mainly include:doctors' assessment of the patient' s condition changes,therapies,medication and side effects,as well as nurses' weekly assessment of risks of falls,food choking and pressure sores and taking pertinent nursing measures.Nurses' mastery of the patients' condition and effect of incident prevention before and after the application of risk assessment management was compared.Results Average score of nurses'mastery of patients' condition was (77.36 ± 1.26) points in the control group and ( 85.60 ± 3.07) points.The difference was statistically significant ( t =11.690,P ＜ 0.01 ).The control group had 45 cases of incidents and the observation group had 19 cases.There was significant difference between the two groups (x2 =13.87,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The risk assessment management is beneficial to the nurses' mastery of the patients'condition and incident prevention,thus boost the nursing quality.

Objective To explore the pain assessment methods of severe senile dementia patients and nursing measures of reducing the pain stress. Methods 40 severe senile dementia patients were randomly divided into assessment group and control group (20 patients per group). Two groups were evaluated by Chinese version of Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia Scale (C-PAINAD) with routine medical treatments-venipuncture, in addition, corresponding non-drug treatments was only given in assessment group Two groups were reevaluated by C-PAINAD 60 minutes later. Results All of the 40 patients had different degree pain during the routine medical treatments , there was no difference between the two groups ( P > 0. 05 ). The reevaluated scorns of assessment group were signitieanfly lower than that of control group ( P < 0. 01 ). Conclusions Pains are very common among severe senile dementia patients during the routine medical treatments and can be evaluated by C-PALNAD. Corresponding non--drug treatments could reduce the harmful effects of pain on senile dementia patients.