Objective To understand the awareness status on malaria control knowledge of residents,primary and middle school students in Huai’an District,Huai’an City,so as to provide the evidences for promoting the malaria elimination process in this district. Methods Three towns in Huai’an District were selected randomly,and one village,one primary school and one junior middle school in each town were chosen as the investigation sites. The residents over 18 years old,the primary school students in Grade 4 to 6,and the junior middle students in the investigation sites were investigated by questionnaires to under?stand their awareness status on knowledge of malaria control. Results Totally 305 residents and 618 students were investigated. The awareness rate of students was 89.97%,and the rates of the junior middle school students and primary school students were 85.94%and 94.10%,respectively,the difference between them was statistically significant(P<0.01). The awareness rate of the residents was 80.98%,which was lower than that of the students(P<0.05). For the students,the awareness rate on“pre?caution of malaria”(96.74%)was the highest,while that on“drug of malaria”(68.93%)was the lowest. For the residents,the rate on“transmission route of malaria”(95.08%)was the highest,that on“4·26 is Malaria Day”(64.26%)was the lowest. Ex?pect the items of“transmission route of malaria”and“precaution of malaria”(both P>0.05),the differences of the awareness rates on all the other items between the students and residents were statistically significant (all P<0.01). Conclusions Al?though the awareness rates of malaria control knowledge in the population of Huai’an District,Huai’an City have achieved the goal of the relevant requirement,the health education on malaria control still should be strengthened,especially for the primary students,female residents and exported labor service personnel.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of low dose thalidomide combined with chemotherapy in treatment of multiple myeloma(MM)and the clinical curative effect of the treatment method.Methods From June 2010 to June 2012,80 patients were diagnosed with multiple myeloma as the research object in Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Haining,randomly divided into control group and observation group,with 40 cases in each group.The control group adopted conventional chemotherapy,the observation group were given low dose thalidomide combined with conventional chemotherapy.The clinical effect and adverse drug reactions were compared. Results The total effective rate of observation group (87.5%)was significantly higher than that of control group(65.0%)(P<0.05).The adverse reactions were 87.5%(35/40)in observation group and 100.0%(40/40)in control group,there was no significant difference between the two groups.The mean progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS)in observation group(5.5 ±1.2 months;1 1.5 ±2.4 months)were higher than those in control group(3.7 ±0.8 months;8.5 ±1.3 months)(P<0.05 ). Conclusion Low dose thalidomide combined with conventional chemotherapy in the treatment of multiple myeloma can improve clinical effect and decrease recurrence rate,with high safety and less adverse reactions.

Radiation nephropathy refers to the damage of renal parenchyma and blood vessel caused by sufficient exposure to ionizing radiation.The clinical presentation includes proteinuria,hematuria,anemia,hypertension,and azotemia.Histological features include capillary loop thickening,mesangiolysis,formation of the double contours,subendothelial swelling,tubular atrophy,and tubulointerstitial fibrosis.Similar changes are seen in a variety of experimental animal models.The pathogenesis of radiation nephropathy remained unclear.It is reported that radiation-induced changes in kidney cell phenotype,renin angiotensin system(RAS) and oxidative stress is clearly involved.Multiple experimental studies have shown that antagonism of the RAS is beneficial,even when not initiated until weeks after irradiation.Recent findings suggest a similar benefit in clinical radiation nephropathy.

Objective: To investigate the association between body height and risk of cancer incidence among adult men and women in Shanghai. Methods: Baseline information on body height and other factors relevant for cancer was obtained from Women's (1996-2000) and Men's Health Studies (2002-2006) in Shanghai. Participants with missing data on body height, or those lost to follow-up in one year after the study enrollment were excluded, leaving 74 709 women and 61 161 men for analysis. There were 4 031 incident cancers for women and 2 047 for men confirmed at the end of 2009. COX regression model was used to evaluate the HR s ( hazard ratios) and 95% CI (confidence interval) between height and cancers. Results: After adjustment for some potential confounding factors including age, weight, physical activity, energy intake, occupation, income and reproductive factors (for women only), HR s and 95% CI s for cancer incidence per 1 standard deviation (6 cm for both men and women) increment in body height were 1.04 (95% CI : 1.00-1.08) for total cancers, 1.18 (95% CI : 1.05-1.33) for stomach cancer, 1.34 (95% CI : 1.06-1.70) for kidney cancer and 1.05 (95% CI : 0.99-1.12) for breast cancer in women; and 1.06 (95% CI : 1.00-1.11) for total cancers, 1.11 (95% CI : 1.00-1.25) for lung cancer, 1.34 (95% CI : 1.02-1.75) for pancreatic cancer, 1.23 (95% CI : 1.01-1.49) for rectal cancer and 0.78 (95% CI : 0.66-0.94) for prostate cancer in men. Conclusion: A possible link between body height and cancer incidence in men and women is suggested. The association between body height and cancer incidence varies by cancer type. Copyright © 2012 by TUMOR.

Objective:To compare the effects of different polishing techniques on the surface roughness of ceramic surfaces,provi-ding reference to restoration polishing in clinic.Methods:70 disc-shaped ceramic specimens were randomly divided into 7 groups(n=10).The glazing treated samples were served as the controls(group 1),the rest samples were treated by white aluminum oxide stone only(group 2)or followed by the polishing head of Ceramiste(group 3),Ceramiste and Ceramaster(group 4),Komer porcelain (group 5),Komer zirconium oxide(group 6)and EVE zirconium oxide,respectively.Roughness of the ceramic samples(including Ra,Rz and Rp)was measured with surface profilometry after different process and the data were analyzed by one way ANOVA.The surface characteristics of the specimens were observed by scanning electron microscopy.Results:The Ra and Rp of group 2 and 3 was higher than those of group 1(P <0.05).The Rz of group 2,3,4 and 5 was higher than that of group 1(P <0.05).Conclusion:Polishers interspersed with diamond grit may achieve a finish equal in smoothness to the glazed surface.

Objective To observe the effect of cluster needling at scalp acupoints plus paraffin therapy on motor function in cerebral palsy patients.Method Forty eligible patients with spastic cerebral palsy were randomized into a control group and an experimental group, 20 cases in each group. The control group was intervened by cluster needling with long-time retaining of the needles plus Uyeda's approach and conventional rehabilitation trainings specifically for spastic cerebral palsy; the experimental group was intervened by paraffin therapy in addition to the treatment given to the control group. The interventions were conducted once a day, for a total of 8 weeks. The Gross Motor Function Measure-88 (GMFM-88) and Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) were adopted to evaluate the motor function before and after the treatment.Result The GMFM-88 scores were significantly changed after the treatment in both groups (P<0.05), and there was a significant difference in comparing the GMFM-88 score between the two groups after the intervention (P<0.05). The MAS score was significantly changed after the intervention in the experimental group (P<0.05), while the score wasn't significantly changed in the control group (P>0.05); there was a significant difference in comparing the MAS score between the two groups after the intervention (P<0.05).Conclusion On the basis of conventional rehabilitation trainings, cluster needling at scalp acupoints plus paraffin therapy can produce a significant efficacy in improving the muscular tension and motor function, and benefit the development of cerebral palsy patients.

Objective To detect the hypermethylation of HOXB6 gene in gastric cancer tissue and investigate the relationship between the gene expression and the clinics.Methods seven types of gastric cancer cell line and 73 cases of gastric cancer biopsy tissues were measured by combined bisulfite restriction analysis method.The gene expression and the re-expression after demethylation were detected by RT-PCR.Results Of 7 cell lines examined, 4 showed hypermethylation.The methylating status of HOXB6 was found to be correlated with loss of expression,which was restored by 5-aza-2＇-deoxycytidine treatment.We also find hypermethylation in 20/73(27.40%)case of cancer tissues but no one in non cancer tissue.Conclusion There are close relationship between hypermethylation and gene silencing in the HOXB6 gene of gastric cancer,There are also a gene re-expression after its demethylation.Hypermethylation of HOXB6 gene can be a tumor marker for gastric cancer diagnosis,and the agent of demethylation maybe a new antineoplastic drug.

Objective To discuss the condition in which ricochet bullet wound is formed, study its ballistic characters and ability to damage in the body, and establish features for the diagnosis of ricochet bullet wound. Method We shot four Yorkshire pigs by selecting No.54 pistol (made in China) and No.56 semiautomatic rifle with No.51 pistol bullet and No.56 rifle bullet, using quern stone as ricocheting target, copied 12 cases of ricochet bullet wound models and observed the characters of entrance wound, wound cavity and cartridge point. Results The formation of ricochet bullet lies with the properties of the target, the shape and velocity of the bullet, angle of incidence and angle of ricochet; the angle of ricochet formed by sharp bullet with high velocity is smaller than the angle by the round bullet with low velocity under the same circumstance; the wound does not produce an evident temporary cavity; six features for the diagnosis were established according to experimented results. Conclusion The correct diagnosis of ricochet bullet wound is of practical value to judging direction and distance of shot, trajectory reconstruction, analysing purpose of shot and evaluation of injury degree.

Objective To evaluate the significance of percutaneous transhepatic cholecystoscopy ( PTCCS) in managing cholecystolitheasis. Methods From September 1999 to November 2001, eighty - six patients with symptomatic gallstones were allocated into this study. At first percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage ( PTGBD) was carried out, one week later the formed fistula was dilated by bouginage to 16-22Fr in diameter, thereafter cholecystoscope was inserted into gallbladder through the dilated fistula to extract the stones using basket or electrohydraulic lithotripsy (EHL). Results PTGBD was attempted successfully in 82 out of 86 cases, PTCCS was performed in 80 of them. The amount of stones ranged from 1 to 76, single stone in 28 patients, stones more than two in 52 , with stone size ranged from 5 to 32 mm, and stones greater than 15mm in 45 cases. The stones were removed only using basket in 28, and by EHL in 54 cases due to their large size. The overall stone removal rate was 97. 5 % (78/80) . Complication of peritonitis appeared in 4 cases (4. 7% ) requiring emergent surgical intervention. The follow - up period with an average of 16. 4 months, gallstones recurred in 2 cases (2.5%). Stones were assayed by intra - red spectrom-etry in 30 of 54 patients with EHL, cholesterol stone existed in 24 of them. Conclusion PTCCS is relatively a safe and effective procedure for those patients with high risk on surgical cholecystectomy, or unsuitable to receive laparoscopic cholecystectomy. If the patients were selected strictly along the rules of indication, the complication and stone recurrence can be avoided.

Objective To study on gastric varices bleeding treated by tissue adhesive, D-TH glue injection. Methods Fifty-nine consecutive cirrhotic patients with gastric varices were undergone endoscopic D-TH glue injection with sandwich approach. Among these 59 patients, bleeding was present in 46 patients (acute bleeding in 37, recent bleeding in 9) , no previous of gastric variceal bleeding in 13. Follow-up study on therapeutic results and complications were conducted. Results Ninety-six injections were performed in all patients with a mean of 1. 63 injections (1-2ml) per patient. Recurrent bleeding never occurred in 37 patients with acute gastric varices bleeding 72 hours after injection, and the rale of emergency endoscopic he mostasis was 100 per cent. Thirty (65. 2% ) of 46 patients with bleeding gastric varices were followed for 12 36 months, 24. 9 months on average. Recurrence of bleeding occurred in 2(6. 7% ) , 5 ( 16. 7% ) and 8 (26. 7% ) cases at 3 , 12, and 36 months respectively. The rate of survival was 86. 5 per cent. Besides fever occurred postoperatively in 2 cases, other severe complications never happened. Conclusion Endoscopic D-TH glue injection is a safe and effective method for treating gastric varices bleeding.