Impaired recognition of foreign nucleic acid initiates abnormal mucosal immune responses in intestine.Very little is known on how microbial DNA activates intracellular DNA sensors and controls the function of antigen-presenting cells to shape mucosal immune responses in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).In current review,we will introduce mucosal dendritic cell population,describe newly identified cGAS-cGAMP-STING complex,and identify certain IBD susceptibility genes that associate with impaired microbial DNA recognition in human.

To investigate the effect of the case-centered teaching method in biochemistry teaching. 47 students were divided into two groups :the study group and the control group.The casecentered teaching method was used in the studying group.The control group was taught by traditional method.The final examination showed that the results of the studying group were better than the control group.

As a novel T cell population,Th17 cells are demonstrated to play an important role in autoimmune diseases,including Crohn' s disease.Several recent studies indicate the specific contributions of IL-23/Th17 axis and cytokines secreted by Th17 cells to the inflammatory bowel disease.This article is dedicated to describe the correlation between Th17 cells and Crohn' s disease.

This study was aimed to investigate the dose-response relations and synergy effects of bioactive components in Ginkgo bilobaon antiplatelet aggregation and DPPH free radical scavenging.The antiplatelet aggregation experiment and DPPH free radical scavenging experiment were conducted respectively to investigate the dose-response relations and synergy effects.Firstly,the effect of inhibiting platelet aggregation induced by PAF of ginkgolides in rabbits was investigated.And then,the effect of DPPH free radical scavenging by ginkgo flavonoids was also investigated.Finally,the synergy effects among effective components were studied.The results showed that ginkgolide A,ginkgolide B,ginkgolide C and bilobalide had dose-response relations on antiplatelet aggregation.Quercetin,kaempferol and isorhamnetin had DPPH free radical scavenging effects with dose-response relation.It was concluded that ginkgolide had the dose-response relation on antiplatelet aggregation.Ginkgolide A and ginkgolide B had synergy effect.Ginkgo flavonoids had DPPH free radical scavenging effect.Quercetin and isorhamnetin had synergy effect.

Objective To investigate the application value of prescription examination in the management of antimicrobial agents in hospital.Methods The prescriptions of antibacterials were examined,the irrational use of drugs was counted,and the application value of drug prescription examination in the management of antibacterial drugs in hospital was discussed.Results A total of 488 960 prescriptions were examined,including 133 534 prescriptions for antimicrobial agents,and 27.31％ for antimicrobial agents.Unqualified antibiotics use prescription in 60 086,unqualified rate was 45.00％,among them not standard prescription in 108,occupied 0.18％,medication unsuitable prescription in 59 907,occupied 99.70％,exceed prescription in 71,occupied 0.12％.Conclusion There is an irrational use of antibiotics in outpatient service,and the examination of antibacterial prescription should be strengthened so as to improve the level of rational use of antibiotics in hospital.

Objective To examine the blood lead levels and influencing factors among infants living in urban areas in Taiyuan.Methods A total of 216 healthy infants living in urban areas in Taiyuan who came to seek routine care during 2010 and 2012 were enrolled using questionnaire survey.Blood samples were collected and lead was meas-ured according to standard procedures.Results The total blood lead level was (31.54 ±22.24)μg/L,there was no significant difference between male and female.The infants whose blood level was less than 50 μg/L took the biggest proportion(80.56%),the infants whose blood level was among 50 -99μg/L and whose blood level more than 100μg/L were 19.44% and 0.00% respectively.Coal to cook,mother often catching hair,using prickly heat,sucking on the hand,washing hands before meals,living in storefront and playing time in roadside were associated with infantile blood lead level.Conclusion The key influencing factors the of the blood lead levels of infants are infantile living environ-ment and the keeper's awareness of preventing lead.

0.05).The survival area and capillary density were more favorable in the EPCs-injection sites than the controls(P

Objective:To analyze dermoscopic and reflectance confocal microscopic characteristics of acanthosis nigricans, and to assess the value of dermoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) in the auxiliary diagnosis of acanthosis nigricans.Methods:A total of 63 patients with acanthosis nigricans were collected from Department of Dermatology, the Third People′s Hospital of Hangzhou from January 2018 to December 2019, and 5 healthy individuals served as controls. Two lesions on the neck and axilla were examined with dermoscopy and RCM separately in each patient. Biopsies were carried out at the sites evaluated by dermoscopy and RCM in 3 patients, followed by routine histopathological examination.Results:Dermoscopy showed papilloma-like hyperplasia in 126 (100%) lesions, "fat finger" structures in 119 (94.4%) , and "gully" structures in 120 (95.2%) . RCM showed hyperpigmentation in the basal layers, downward extension and twisting of dermal papillary rings and "gully" structures in 126 (100%) lesions, moderately to highly refractive particles in the dermal papillary rings in 87 (69.0%) .Conclusion:Acanthosis nigricans has typical dermoscopic and reflectance confocal microscopic characteristics, which can provide a basis for its diagnosis and differential diagnosis.

The pediatric risk of mortality Ⅲ(PRISM Ⅲ) score and pediatric critical illness score(PCIS) are physiology-based scores for assessing the severity of illness and mortality risk in pediatric patients.The PRISM Ⅲscore was revised version of the PRISM and was first developed in 1996.It includes 17 physiologic variables subdivided into 26 ranges.It had been validated by numerous studies worldwide and is the most widely known and used at pediatrics intensive care unit(PICU).The PCIS was first developed in 1995 in China,which included 10 physiologic variables.It had been validated by numerous studies nationwide and was simple,effective and suitable to Chinese situations.The scoring systems also can be used for quality assessments,grading the severity of illness in clinical study,and(stu)-dies of ICU resource utilization and management.There were no such study for validating the PRISM Ⅲ at present,comparing the performance of the PRISM Ⅲ score and the PCIS in China.

[Summary] Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) is an alkaline leucine zipper transcriptional factor ,which is involved in many physiological metabolism processes such as stress response ,inflammation and tumor growth. Moreover ,recent studies have shown that ATF4 also plays a key role in regulating lipid and glucose metabolism ,insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity ,which may related to pathways such as endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS ) ,peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma coactivator (PGC1α) and target of rapamycin (TOR). This article summarized the recent research progress of ATF4 in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism.