Objective To analyze the distribution and evolution of the risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) in middle-aging males, and provide the evidence for the prevention and treatment of male patients with CHD. Methods 1639 male people over 45 years old were enrolled in the study. They were divided into non- senile group (45-59 years old) and senile group (60-93 years old).The subjects over 60 years old were further divided into three groups:60-69 years old group, 70-79 years old group, 80-93 years old group. The interrelation between the risk factors of CHD and aging was analyzed. Results The prevalence rates of drinking, smoking, diastolic hypertension and low HDL-C in non-senile group were much higher than those in senile group (x2=28.80,18.35,15.72,17.84,P<0.01). In contrast, the prevalence rates of overweight, systolic hypertension, fasting hyperglycemia,postprandial hyperglycemia in senile group were significantly higher than those in non senile group. The prevalence rates of high triglyceride in non- senile group and senile group were 18.0% and 16.2% respectively(P>0.05). The prevalence rates of high cholesterol in non- senile group and senile group were 36.9% and 31.5% respectively(P>0.05). There was a significant decrease in the prevalence rates of overweight, postprandial hyperglycemia (P<0.05) and drinking,smoking, diastolic hypertension, high triglyeeride (P<0.01) in over 70-year+old males. And the prevalence rates of overweight, postprandial hyperglycemia, high triglyceride of over 80-year-old males were higher than those of over 70-year-old males (x2=10.05,4.16,5.97,P＜0.01). However,the prevalence rates of systolic hypertension of over 80-year-old males were lower than those of over 70-year-old males (X2=21.25,P＜0.01). There was no significant change in other risk factors of CHD at different ages of senile group. Conclusions For non-senile males, the important measures to treat the risk factors of CHD should include stopping smoking, restricting alcohol, eating low fat diet, changing bad life habits, controlling diastolic hypertension and modifying lipid. In contrast, for senile males, more attention should he paid to limiting total energy intake, increasing sports, losing weight, controlling systolic hypertension, hyperglycemia and modifying lipid.

Objective To investigate prevalence of associated diseases in patients with gout as well as their diagnoses and treatment. Methods Two hundreds out-patients diagnosed with gout from April to October 2008 were investigated at Peking University People's Hospital, and information collected included their general characteristics, associated diseases, diagnoses and treatment, as well as blood lipid profiles, serum creatinine, uric acid, results of routine urine tests and glomerular filtration rate estimated by MDRD formula in the past three months. Results Among patients with gout, prevalence of associated hypertension, obesity, renal calculi, coronary heart disease, cerebral infarction and diabetes were 54.5% (109/200), 23.2% (42/181), 20.0% (40/200), 12.0% (24/200), 8.0% (16/200) and 7.0% (14/200), respectively, and 53.7% (101/188) of them associated with hypertriglyceridemia, 63.7% (114/179) with impaired renal function and 15.1% (27/179) with chronic kidney disease. In acute attack of gout, 124 (62.0%) of them were treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NASID), 72 (36.0%) with colchicines, 12 (6.0%) with corticosteroid and 30 (15.0%) with urate-lowering drugs, respectively, and during its intermittent period, 69. 8% (81/116) of them received urate-lowering therapy with indications generally accepted internationally, but serum level of uric acid could be maintained below 0.06 g/L in only 8.6% (10/116) of them. And 73.8% (48/65) of the patients with no therapy indications also were treated with urate-lowering drugs. Conclusions The most commonly associated diseases in gout patients are hypertension, hyperlipidemia and obesity, followed by renal calculi, chronic kidney disease and coronary heart disease, and so on. At present, oral NSAID is the first choice of drugs for its acute attack. Indications for urate-lowering therapy in this hospital usually are not consistent with those by generally international acceptance, with lower therapeutic effectiveness achieved.

Objective To observe the changes of Lipids,FBS,ISI and lipoprotein lipase in obesity-related hypertensive patients and investigate the relationship of abnormal glucose and lipid with obesity-related hypertension as well as metabolic syndrome.Methods A total of 122 obesity-related hypertensive patients and 122 matched normal individuals were enrolled.Blood pressure,BMI,WHR and serum lipids and glucose,serum and adipose tissue LPL were measured.Results The TG,FBS and INS in obesity-related hypertensive patients were significantly higher than those in normal control group(P(0.05)).Correlated analysis showed that serum LPL mass was respectively correlated with BMI(r=-0.64,P

Objective To evaluate the effect of 99m Tc-MDP on clinical and laboratory parameters in rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Methods The study was a prospective open cohort design.Clinical manifestations were recorded accordingly before and after 99m Tc-MDP intravenous infusion.Serum CRP,IL-1?,TNF-?and ESR were also measured.Results At the end point,morning stiffness,strength,index of joint tenderness,swelling,rest pain and physician assessment were all improved significantly(P

Objective:To understand the current situation of effective teaching behavior of clinical nursing teachers and analyze it.Methods:A convenient sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on nursing students and teaching teachers in Tai′an City central hospital and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, using Cui Shasha Chinese version of Nursing Clinical Teacher Effectiveness Inventory as the research tool.Results:The score of the teachers in the "interpersonal relationship" dimension was the highest (6.32±0.89), while the score in the "nursing ability" dimension was the lowest (5.95±0.99). There was no statistically significant difference between college students and undergraduate students in the evaluation of effective teaching behaviors of teachers, while there was statistically significant difference between nursing students (including college students and undergraduate students) and teachers in all dimensions and total scores of the scale ( t values were -4.616--2.250, P<0.05 or 0.01). Teachers and students were more consistent with the 10 items with low scores than the 10 items with high scores (the total number of items was 2 and 5, respectively). Conclusions:The teaching teacher should be able to correctly identify and judge the learning needs of the internship nursing students, so that the teaching effect meets the expectations of the internship nursing students, and should be targeted when teaching internship nursing students of different educational levels as well as focusing on nursing research.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the effects of different umbilical cord time on maternal and fetal outcomes.Methods:Meta analysis was used, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, EBSCO, Web of Science database, etc. were searched. The literatures were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the literature quality was evaluated. Revman 5.2 software was used for data processing and analysis.Results:A total of 9 randomized controlled trials were included. Meta-analysis showed that delayed umbilical cord did not increase postpartum 2,24 h hemorrhage[mean difference ( MD)=-40.69, 95%confidence interval (CI) (-83.05-1.67), P>0.05 and MD=-10.33, 95% CI (-22.47-1.81), P>0.05] and did not prolong the third stage of labor [ MD= 0.32, 95% CI (-0.71-1.35), P>0.05] compared with conventional umbilical cord (early umbilical cord) method. 1,5 min Apgar scores for different neonatal umbilical cord time was not statistically significant[ MD=0.05, 95% CI (-0.02-0.12), P>0.05 and MD=-0.01, 95% CI (-0.04-0.03), P>0.05]. There was no significant difference in neonatal weight [ MD=72.91, 95% CI (-53.98-199.80), P>0.05]. Delayed umbilical cord could improve the newborn's 24 h capillary hemoglobin [ MD=17.69, 95% CI (13.55-21.83), P<0.01] and bilirubin peak [ MD=17.50, 95% CI (11.88-23.12), P<0.01]. Conclusions:Delayed umbilical cord and early umbilical cord did not increase postpartum hemorrhage and prolong the third stage of labor, and had no adverse effects on maternal. The peak levels of capillary hemoglobin and bilirubin in newborns were increased 24 h, but there was no significant difference in neonatal 1 min and 5 min Apgar scores and neonatal weight.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of D-dimer in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods The study group comprised 261 SLE patients who were admitted in ward from 2005 to 2008 in Peking University People's Hospital Collect the clinical data to investigate the clinical significance of D-dimer. Results ( 1 ) The D-dimer levels of 56 patients were increased due to coexist reduced renal function, infections, disseminated intravascular coagulation ( DIC), liver disorders, pregnancy and injury. With the exception of above patients, 142 ( 69. 3 ) patients were increased in total 205 patients. (2)The level of D-dimer was positively correlated with SLE disease activity index( SLEDAI ) score ( r =0. 598,P =0. 000), and was associated with anti-dsDNA antibody, ESR, C-reactive protein(CRP) and complement C3 and C4. (3)D-dimer level was associated with important organ involvement. (4)All patients with thrombosis had increased D-dimer, but patients without thrombosis had normal or increased D-dimer levels. Conclusion The level of D-dimer elevates in patients with active disease or important organ involvement , it can not identify thrombosis. All patients with thrombosis had increased D-dimer levels.

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Adolescent ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Myositis Ossificans ; diagnosis

Objective To study the effects of salt sensitivity on evolution of blood pressure and develope- ment to hypertension from adolescents to youth.Methods A baseline survey was carried out in 4623 adolescents aged 6-15 years old in Hanzhong rural area in 1987,310 of them were recruited for determination of salt sensitiv- ity using the tests of oral saline load and furosemide sodium-volume depletion.Salt sensitivity (SS) were diag- nosed in 101 while 209 subjects as no-sah sensitivity (NSS).This cohort of adolescents were followed up for av- erage 18 years.Results The response rate for this cohort of adolescents was 71.9%.At the end of follow up period,BP in subjects with baseline SS was higher in youth than that in NSS (SBP:122.9?13.1 vs 117.3?12.4, P