OBJECTIVETo develop a simple, cheap and efficient restriction endonucleases fingerprinting-single strand conformation polymorphism(REF-SSCP) method applied to screen for mutations in long segments.

METHODSThe genomic DNA of Cx26 gene segment of the patients with deafness was amplified. The amplification products were screened with SSCP and REF-SSCP technique and DNA sequencing to evaluate and compare the effect on detection of mutations in long segments.

RESULTSNo different band was found in 724 bp segment in SSCP examination. Three kinds of different bands were discovered in REF-SSCP examination and the 79 G -->A mutation detected by DNA sequencing were accorded with the REF-SSCP bands entirely. The rate of detection was 100%.

CONCLUSIONThe present REF-SSCP method is applicable to screen mutations in long segment DNA of mass specimens.

Connexin 26 ; Connexins ; genetics ; DNA Fingerprinting ; methods ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Deafness ; genetics ; Genetic Testing ; methods ; Humans ; Mutation ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational ; Sensitivity and Specificity

The human pharyngeal microbiome, which resides at the juncture of digestive and respi-ratory tracts, may have an active role in the prevention of respiratory tract infections, similar to the actions of the intestinal microbiome against enteric infections. Recent studies have demonstrated that the pharyngeal microbiome comprises an abundance of bacterial species that interacts with the local epithelial and immune cells, and together, they form a unique micro-ecological system. Most of the microbial species in microbiomes are obligate symbionts constantly adapting to their unique surroundings. Indigenous commensal species are capable of both maintaining dominance and evoking host immune responses to eliminate invading species. Temporary damage to the pha-ryngeal microbiome due to the impaired local epithelia is also considered an important predisposing risk factor for infections. Therefore, reinforcement of microbiome homeostasis to prevent invasion of infection-prone species would provide a novel treatment strategy in addition to antibiotic treat-ment and vaccination. Hence continued research efforts on evaluating probiotic treatment and developing appropriate procedures are necessary to both prevent and treat respiratory infections.

As one of the key technologies in biomedical research, DNA sequencing has not only improved its productivity with an exponential growth rate but also been applied to new areas of application over the past few years. This is largely due to the advent of newer generations of sequencing platforms, offering ever-faster and cheaper ways to analyze sequences. In our previous review, we looked into technical characteristics of the next-generation sequencers and provided prospective insights into their future development. In this article, we present a brief overview of the advantages and shortcomings of key commercially available platforms with a focus on their suitability for a broad range of applications.
Animals ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; chemistry ; Epigenomics ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Genomics ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; instrumentation ; methods ; trends ; Humans ; Nanostructures ; RNA, Small Untranslated ; chemistry

This study shows the case of a patient with peroneus brevis tendon rupture in ankle fracture. The patient com-plained of swelling, pain and activity limitation in her right ankle caused by sprain. She was diagnosed with ankle fracture, supina-tion-adduction (Lauge-Hansen typing) by medical history, physical examination and imaging. The peroneus brevis tendon was not-ed complete ruptured when suturing the incision after ORIF, which was then repaired by "8" shaped suture. Based on literature re-view, the injury mechanism of the case may be because of overload inversion force toward to lateral inferior from the fracture of fib-ula on the peroneus brevis tendon. Additional attention should be paid to patients who suffered from an supination-adduction ankle fracture for whether peroneus brevis tendon tears before and during surgery.