The ability to feed on vertebrate blood has evolved many times in various arthropod clades. Consequently, saliva of blood-feeding arthropods has proven to be a rich source of antihemostatic molecules. A variety of platelet aggregation inhibitors antagonize platelet responses to wound-generated signals, including ADP, thrombin, and collagen. Anticoagulants disrupt elements of both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. Vasodilators include nitrophorins (nitric oxide storage and transport heme proteins), a variety of peptides that mimic endogenous vasodilatory neuropeptides, and proteins that catabolize or sequester endogenous vasoconstrictors. Multiple salivary proteins may be directed against each component of hemostasis, resulting in both redundancy and in some cases cooperative interactions between antihemostatic proteins. The complexity and redundancy of saliva ensures an efficient blood meal for the arthropod, but it also provides a diverse array of novel antihemostatic molecules for the pharmacologist.

The objective structured clinical examination (OSCE)system of our school was established by designing graduate examination with OSCE, by constantly improving and enhancing the science, objectivity, utility of OSCE. The guiding role of OSCE in clinical teaching, clinical practice and medical licensure examination was explored by analyzing the examination results and questionnaire of students.

OSCE is a new method which has strong objectivity for the evaluation of clin-ical skills examination.According to the actual situation of our college,we chose medicine sta-tion of OSCE to assess the level of the clinical skills of the clinical graduates.

Genomics ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Female ; Humans ; Liability, Legal ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases ; diagnosis ; Occupational Health ; legislation & jurisprudence ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; diagnosis ; etiology

ObjectiveTo explore the significance and the scheme of OSCE ( Objective structural clinical examination ) applied in clinical resident training and examination. MethodsOSCE were adopted to train and evaluate residents clinical skills. 180 residents were trained through OSCE for two weeks.Then a test on clinical skills of the residents by OSCE was conducted after training. 172 questionnaires of evaluation on the training effect were collected and analyzed. ResultsWith regard to the training and examination of clinical skill, 96.51％ residents considered that it was helpful for clinical work, 98.26％ considered that it would make their operation more standandized. ConclusionThe training through OSCE is an important way to improve and evaluate clinical skills of residents and may be widely applied.

Objective To observe the intervention of sub-health population with modified Xiaoshengliu Decoction, a Chinese herbal recipe with the actions of strengthening Qi and nourishing yin, soothing liver and relieving stagnation, tonifying liver and kidney. Methods The clients of professor LUO Ren from Dept. of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, were chosen as the studying objects. Sub-health outpatient cases were defined according to the data of four diagnostic methods together with Sub-health Questionnaire developed by the sub-health program of Southern Medical University, and then were given modified Xiaoshengliu Decoction (mainly composed of Radix Bupleuri, Radix Scutellariae, Rhizoma Pinelliae Preparata, Radix Codonopsis, Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Fructus Corni, Cortex Moutan, Radix Ophiopogonis, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata, etc.) for intervention. The symptoms of the subjects were followed up before and after treatment for the evaluation of therapeutic effect with Sub-health State Symptom Checklist. Results (1) The results showed that the total effective rate was 92.03%at first follow -up, and was 100% at the last follow-up, the difference being significant between the two periods of follow-up (P<0.01) . (2) The results of single-factor variance analysis showed that the differences of symptoms scores before treatment, at the first and the last follow-up were statistically significant (P<0.01) . The symptoms scores before treatment, at the first follow-up and at the last follow-up were in decreasing sequence (P<0.01) . Conclusion Modified Xiaoshengliu Decoction shows certain effect on the intervention of sub-health population with the syndrome of Qi-yin deficiency .

AIM: To systemically evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of intraocular implants for vitreous retinal surgery.METHODS: We performed a comprehensive search for studies reporting vitreous surgery with intraocular implants randomized controlled and a retrospective controlled clinical trials from China Hownet ( CNKI ), Wanfang database, and VIP literature database. Studies obtained from those database were filtered according to the criteria, and data were retrieved from eligible studies for further analysis. Then we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intraocular implants using comprehensive Meta - analysis software version 2 (Biostat, Englewood, NJ).
RESULTS: In total 36 studies were recruited for our Meta - analysis, including 5 092 cases. Meta analysis showed: 1) regarding the efficacy of repairing the retinal detachment, silicone oil was a better intraocular implants than C3 F8(OR= 1. 76; 95% CI: 1. 19-2. 60, P = 0. 0047) and SF6( OR = 4. 68; 95% CI: 1. 48 - 14. 81, P = 0. 0087); 2) regarding the risk of postoperative cataract, silicone oil showed significant higher risk than BBS (OR = 3. 24; 95%CI: 2. 10-4. 99, P= 1. 09 e-7), and C3 F8(OR= 3. 03; 95% CI:1. 50 - 6. 10, P = 0. 0019 ); 3 ) regarding the risk of postoperative intraocular pressure, silicone oil showed significant higher risk than BBS (OR= 6. 74; 95% CI: 3. 38-13. 41, P= 5. 67 e-08), and C3 F8 also showed a higher risk than BBS (OR= 4. 79; 95% CI: 2. 37-9. 68, P = 1. 29 e-05). In addition, silicone oil showed significant lower risk as compared with heavy silicone oil (OR= 0. 16; 95% CI: 0. 08-0. 53, P= 0. 0026).
CONCLUSION: The intraocular implants for the treatment of retinal detachment in vitreous retinal surgery are mainly divided into two major categories, liquid and gas implants. The silicone oil, a major liquid implant, shows higher efficacy in terms of treating retinal detachment than the gas implants. However, the silicone oil is associated with a higher risk of postoperative cataract and intraocular pressure as compared with gas implants.

Objective To investigate the significance of non-bronchial systemic collaterals (NBSCs) in supplying bronchial hemoptysic lesions,and to study the morphological features of bronchial artery (BA) when NBSCs become the predominant supplying vessels. Methods Multi-slice helical CT angiographic findings in 124 patients with bronchial hemoptysis were retrospectively analyzed. 3D reconstruction of thoracic systemic arteries,including BAs and NBSCs,was performed at the console work station with the help of real-time thin-slice enhanced helical CT scanning. The number of NBSCs and BAs was calculated,and the internal diameter of the arteries and the thickness of pleura in the vicinity of the pulmonary lesion were measured. According to the presence or absence of NBSCs,the patients were divided into NBSCs group and non-NBSCs group. The relevant data was statistically analyzed. Results NBSCs group included 36 cases,the mean internal diameter of BA was (1.850 ? 0.631)mm and the pleura adjacent to the pulmonary lesion was obviously thickened in 22 cases (61%) with a thickness of 2.7-16.0 mm [mean(7.71 ? 4.12) mm]. In the non-NBSCs group (n = 88),the mean internal diameter of BA was (2.200 ? 0.528) mm and the pleura adjacent to the pulmonary lesion was obviously thickened in 7 cases (8%) with a thickness of 1.1-2.4 mm [mean(1.7 ?0.53) mm]. The differences in both internal diameter of BA and the thickness of lesion's adjacent pleura between two groups were statistically significant (P

Multimedia teaching and SimMan,which is a portable and advanced patient simulator for team training,were used to develop a new course for the medical students of grade four. This course was named "SimMan clinical techniques training". The course of Sim-Man clinical techniques training can help students comprehend truly all kinds of cases in clinical practices,improve their capabilities of clinical thoughts and clinical techniques,and it makes fine basis for their clinical practices in the hospitals.