Objective:To compare the effect of local vibration and extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) on triceps spasticity and the walking ability of hemiplegic stroke survivors.Methods:Sixty-nine stroke survivors with hemiplegia were randomly divided into a control group, a vibration group and an ESWT group. The control group received 60 minutes of conventional Bobath rehabilitation treatment and motor relearning from Monday to Saturday for 4 weeks. For the vibration and ESWT groups, 10 minutes of that traditional therapy were replaced by either local vibration or extracorporeal shock wave treatment every Tuesday, Wednesday and Saturday. Before and after the treatment, the three groups were evaluated using the Comprehensive Spasticity Scale (CSS) and in terms of passive joint range of motion (PROM), ankle plantar flexion angle, 10m maximum walking speed, stride frequency, and stride length.Results:After the intervention the average CSS, PROM, and ankle plantar flexion angle were significantly better for all three groups than before the treatment. At that point the ESWT group′s averages were significantly better than those of the vibration group, and the vibration group′s averages were significantly superior to those of the control group. Walking speed, stride frequency and stride length had also improved significantly in all three groups, with those in the vibration and ESWT groups significantly outperforming the control group. There was no significant difference between the vibration and ESWT groups in terms of walking ability.Conclusions:Both local vibration and extracorporeal shock wave therapy improve triceps spasticity and the walking ability of hemiplegic stroke survivors. Shock waves are more effective for improving spasticity, but there is no significant difference between the therapies in terms of improving walking ability.