No abstract available.
Reference Values*

No abstract available.
Reference Values*

No abstract available.
Reference Values*

No abstract available.
Reference Values*

No abstract available.
Reference Values*

In order to observe the influence of visual display terminal (VDT) work on accommodative function, we measured accommodative power, accommodative constriction time and accommodative response / accommodative stimulus ratio (Ar / As) by infrared optometer on 15 normal subjects who were not exposed to VDT work before. VDT task was programed to search a specified Korean alphabet letter among randomized letters for 90 minutes. After VDT task, accommodative constriction time was prolonged, near point extended and accommodative power decreased in all subjects (p<0.05, by paired t-test). After resting for 30 minutes, constriction time, near point and accommodative power had a tendency to return to the previous normal value. Accommodative response / accommodative stimulus ratio (Ar / As) was decreased according to the duration of VDT work but no statistical difference was found between before and after VDT work. From this study, it is suggested that the function of accommodation seems to be affected by VDT work.
Constriction ; Reference Values

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to develop PC-based perfusion software using Microsoft Windows. This software was developed to reformat perfusion maps including CBV (Cerebral Blood Volume), MTT (Mean Transit Time), and CBF (Cerebral Blood Flow) maps and to analyze perfusion quantitatively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Windows-based perfusion software was developed using IDL (Interactive Data Language) as the development tool. The perfusion software was written to load the source image from dynamic first-pass cerebral perfusion CT and to reformat perfusion maps. Mean perfusion values in gray matter and white matter were calculated and compared to previously calculated data reported in literature. RESULTS: This software reformatted first pass perfusion maps in a user-friendly PC and calculated CBV, MTT, and CBF values. The values were within the normal range of the mean values when compared to previous studies. CONCLUSION: CT perfusion maps and perfusion values can be obtained by using the newly developed PC-based perfusion software. Further study is needed to achieve more precise values. However, we believe that in the future, this program may be used in various clinical settings.
Perfusion* ; Reference Values

The amplitude of accommodation of 490 normal Koreans aged 6 to 70 was measured with minus lens to blur technique. Duane's single, fine thread target was used. The result was divided into 13 age-groups as follows: 1. The age group of 6 to 10: The range was 16.25 D to 11.50 D, the median 14.50 D and mean 14.55 D. 2. The age group of 11 to 15: The range was 16.25 D to 11.00 D, the median 12.5O D and the mean l2.36 D. 3. The age group 16 to 20: The range was 13.5O D to 8.75 D, the median 10.50 D and the mean 10.75 D. 4. The age group of 21 to 25: The range was 12.00 D to 5.5O D, the median 9.00 D and the mean 8.86 D. 5. The age group of 26 to 30: The range was 9.25 D to 6.00 D, the median 7.5O D and the mean 7.25 D. 6. The age group of 31 to 35; The range was 7.5O D to 4.75 D, the median 6.00 D and the mean 6.10 D. 7. The age group of 36 to 40: The range was 6.00 D to 4.00 D, the median 5.00 D and the mean 4.9O D. 8. The age group of 41 to 45: The range was 5.25 D to 2.00 D, the median 3.75 D and the mean 3.81 D. 9. The age group of 46 to 50: The range was 4.75 D to 1.75 D, the median 2.75 D and the mean 2.84 D. 10. The age group of 51 to 55: The range was 3.00 D to 1.00 D, the median 2.00 D and the mean 2.06 D. 11. The age group of 56 to 60: The range was 2.00 D to 0.5O D, the median 1.50 D and the mean 1.34 D. 12. The age group of 61 to 65. The range was 1.55 to 0.00 D, the median 0.75 D and the mean 0.72 D. 13. The age group of 66 to 70. The range was 0.5O D to 0.00 D, the median 0.25 D and the mean 0.21 D. Amplitude of accommodation is found to be gradually decreasing with the advancing age and no sudden decrease was noted. The results are similar to those of Donder's. Compared with Duane's, my results showed a slightly higher value below age of 10 and slightly lower value above age of 15.
Humans ; Reference Values*

We report a case of acute transient encephalopathy with mental alteration, myoclonic jerks, and periodic triphasic wave electroencephalographic patterns caused by a therapeutic dose of baclofen. The clinical and electroencephalo-graphic abnormalities improved to a normal range shortly after baclofen was discontinued. We discuss the pathogenesis and review the literature about baclofen-induced encephalopathies.
Baclofen ; Myoclonus ; Reference Values

PURPOSE: This study was to evaluate the accuracy of how to use the Mechanical Torque-Limiting Devices. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three different implant manufacturers (Dentium, Osstem, Shinhung) were prepared for each two implant torque controllers. Divided into two groups depending on the method used for removal torque was measured. Repeated measures of ANOVA test (alpha=.05) was used as statistics to evaluate the effect of repeated loading number on the removal torque. Independent t-test was used to evaluate the difference in removal torque of two groups. RESULTS: The removal torque significantly decreased as the number of loading repetition increased (P<.05). There was significant difference between two groups. CONCLUSION: Loosen the handle part of the implant torque controllers spring resilience to recover one group compared to the group that did not, showed a little more closed to the reference value.
Reference Values ; Torque*