seconds ; Red color ; Serum ; Patients

In China, the roots of several species of Paeonia plants in the Paeoniaceae family have been used as crude drugs under the names of Ji-shao-yao, or the red peony, and Bai-shao-yao, or the white peony, since olden times. While in Japan, the simply dried root of Paeonia lactiflora Pallas has been used as the Chinese crude drug Shao-yao, or Shakuyaku in Japanese. As for the origins of the modern “red” and “white” peony names, there have been a variety of theories, e.g. the names were perhaps derived from differences in their root or flower colors, or whether they were wild or cultivated. Based on our herbological study, we have concluded that the dried root with a cork surface was named the red peony, and those peeled cork layers, the white peony. During the Ming Dynasty, in China, the root of wild peonies such as Paeonia veiitchii and P. obovata, whose flowers are reddish, were processed into the red peony, while cultivated peony root of the white flowered variety, P. lactiflora, was processed into the white peony drug. Because of this coincidence in flower color and name of the processed product, red flowered varieties or wild plants came to be called the plant origin of the red peony, while the white flowered varieties or cultivated plants came to be called the white peony.
Red color ; Plant Roots ; Peony ; Paeonia ; Chinese People

Laryngeal granulomas which grow in the rear of the vocal cords can be a refractory and recurrent condition, because of various pathogeneses and a lack of established treatment guidelines. We experienced a laryngeal granuloma case which recurred repeatedly, and was resistant to modern medicinal treatment. The laryngeal granuloma recurred after microlaryngosurgery. And though a second microlaryngosurgery and laser cauterization was done, followed by prescription of lansoprazole, tranilast, chlarithromycin and inhalation of fluticasone propionate, the laryngeal granuloma recurred once more. Thus, we tried Kampo medicines at the this time. Hangekobokuto, saishakurikkunshito and keikyososooushimbuto were stopped due to lack of efficacy on the ganuloma, and the Kampo formulation was changed to kairosan. Three weeks after changing formulation, the granuloma was no longer seen with laryngeal fiberscopy. And to-date, recurrence of the granuloma has not been confirmed. This case suggests that fatigue, body weight loss, bilateral Kyokyo-kuman (discomfort of the hypochondrium), bilateral excessive strain of abdominal muscles, pulsation of both the upper and lower navel, and tympanitic sound in upper abdomen may be clinical indications for kairosan.
Granuloma ; recur ; Red color ; Granuloma, Laryngeal ; Medicine, Kampo

Antioxidant activity, free radical scavenging activity and phenolic content of red cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata rubra), Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa pekinensis var cylindrica), green cabbage (Brassica oleracea var capitata), mustard cabbage (Brassica juncea var rugosa) and Chinese white cabbage (Brassica rapa var chinensis), grown in Malaysia, were evaluated. Red cabbage had the highest antioxidant activity and phenolic content compared to the other cruciferous vegetables studied (p < 0.05). The contributions of all cruciferous vegetables to the antioxidant activity was >79%. The radical scavenging activity was in the order of Chinese white cabbage > red cabbage > mustard cabbage > Chinese cabbage > green cabbage. There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the means of scavenging activity observed between cabbage, Chinese cabbage and Chinese mustard. Phenolic content was significantly different (p < 0.05) among all the cruciferous vegetables studied, and was in the order of red cabbage > Chinese white cabbage > green cabbage > Chinese cabbage >mustard cabbage. The study indicated that red cabbage possessed the highest antioxidant capacity and phenolic compounds concentration among all the cruciferous vegetables studied.
Cabbage ; cruciferous vegetables ; Chinese cabbage ; Red color ; Chinese People