Improvements in the overall treatment of patients with aggressive, large tumours involving the bone have made it possible to preserve and salvage limbs instead of amputating them. Each patient is unique in his clinical presentation and social circumstance. The different reconstructive options available allow us to choose the most appropriate method suited to the particular patient and with minimal delay, even when resources are limited. The patient and the relatives actively participate in the choice. The early experience of the different techniques for reconstructing these bone defects at our hospital are presented in this paper.
Bone Neoplasms/*surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures/*methods

The first skin-flap procedures were performed in Mongolia by a team of Chinese doctors (Chenod, Chen) who treated children with burn injuries in the 1950s. The field of plastic surgery was further developed through assistance from the former Soviet Union and is now widely practiced by a number of surgeons around the country. In recent years, the fast evolving field of plastic surgery in Mongolia has created a need for clear and consistent system for the classification of various plastic materials. A team of Mongolian surgeons at the National Hospital for Traumatology, Orthopedics, Rehabilitation and Teaching Research have completed a research programme aimed at adopting a leading classification system that can facilitate effective communication between plastic surgeons. This requires the chosen system to be in line with modern trends in plastic surgery and the established international norms. As a result of extensive research and analysis, they have developed a customized version of Vasiliev's classification that focuses on formulating general principles of the description of plastic materials based on their functional characteristics. The main reason for this selection is its similarity with existing Mongolian standards as well as its principles that contain important implications for surgery.
Humans ; Mongolia ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Skin Transplantation ; Surgical Flaps

The penis is an important genitourinary organ, whose deficiency not only causes physiological dysfunction but inflicts mental and psychological traumas to the patient. Ideal phalloplasty should address the following requirements: (1) It should give a good shape; (2) It should ensure appropriate size and sexual intercourse; (3) It should make the phallus sensitive to both touching and sexual desire; (4) The donor site morbidity should be inconspicuous. To satisfy the above-mentioned requirements, doctors both at home and abroad have made increasing efforts for the improvement of phalloplasty. Recent progress in phalloplasty is reviewed in this article.
Humans ; Male ; Penis ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods

"Survival first" has been the leading rule in burn surgery for a long time. However, the life quality of patients in future should also be emphasized on the strategic level during the early treatment of patients with massive burn. Aesthetics is also extremely important in wound repair, and it should form a clear conception in the mind of the attending surgeons. Therefore, the aesthetic effect of each surgical intervention should be elaborated with all enough attention. Moreover, we should constantly improve our techniques and skills to obtain presentable postoperative appearance. In addition, we should emphasize the application of new techniques and materials in wound repair, with which to improve aesthetic effect. In conclusion, we should pay more attention to promoting the aesthetic effect in the treatment of burns and traumatic wounds to maintain our superior status in burn treatment in the world.
Burns ; surgery ; Esthetics ; Humans ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Wound Healing

Animals ; Cleft Palate ; surgery ; Humans ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods

This article presents the anatomical basis, different kinds of perforator flaps and the distribution regularity of perforator vessels, principle of terminology, range of application, and their advantages and disadvantages. The procedure in harvesting and transplantation of perforator flaps are also discussed, in order to promote clinical application of perforator flaps, and to provide a more efficacious way to reconstruct the deep burn wound.
Burns ; surgery ; Humans ; Perforator Flap ; transplantation ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods

Destructive burns and traumas which create composite tissue damages, as well as intractable wounds, usually cause the difficulties or inefficacy in the repair and management through ordinary skin grafting or tissue transplantation owing to the complex defects, unhealthy healing condition, or high requirements for the function and appearance reconstruction of the injured local tissues. The advantages of free tissue transplantation with microsurgical techniques in the tissue repair and reconstruction have been demonstrated as meeting the composite tissues restoration, improving blood supply, avoiding further damage to the wound surrounding tissues, and simplifying the distant tissue transplantation procedure, and therefore significantly decreasing the deformities with good functional and morphological outcomes, and dramatically reducing the hospitalization duration with less complications and faster restitution. In the present discussion, basing on the general literature review and the summary of our long-time clinical application of microsurgical techniques in dealing with serious injuries, we put forward the view that the microsurgical techniques should be considered as the first option for the treatment of destructive burns and traumas, and intractable wounds. And in some cases, only microsurgical techniques can be used, otherwise amputation would be unavoidable, or the optimal treatment would be abandoned or delayed. Meanwhile, it should be emphasized that the risk and the failure rate of performing microsurgical operation can be overcome through strictly hard training.
Burns ; surgery ; Humans ; Microsurgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods

Cervicoplasty ; methods ; Face ; surgery ; Humans ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures

Humans ; Mandible ; surgery ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; methods ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures

BACKGROUND: A transcaruncular approach is typically used for reconstructions of medial wall fractures. However, others reported that a transconjunctival approach was conducive for securing an adequate surgical field of view. In this study, we aimed to examine the extent of repair of medial wall fracture via a transconjunctival approach. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 50 patients diagnosed as having medial wall fracture via preoperative computed tomography and who underwent surgery between March 2011 and February 2014. The fracture location was defined by dividing each of the anterior-posterior and superior-inferior distances into three compartments. RESULTS: A transcaruncular approach was used in 7 patients, while the transconjunctival approach was performed in the remaining 43 patients. The transconjunctival approach enabled a relatively broad range of repair that partially included the front and back of the medial wall, and was successful in 86% of the entire study population. CONCLUSION: It is known that more than 50% of total cases of the medial wall fracture occur mainly in the middle-middle portion, a majority of which can be reconstructed via a transconjunctival approach. We used a transconjunctival approach in identifying the location of the fracture on image scans except for cases including the fracture of the superior portion in patients with medial wall fracture. If it is possible to identify the location of the fracture, a transconjunctival approach would be an useful method for the reconstruction in that it causes no damages to the lacrimal system and is useful in confirming the overall status of the floor.
Humans ; Medical Records ; Methods ; Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures ; Orbital Fractures ; Orbital Implants ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Retrospective Studies