OBJECTIVETo study the cause of low immunologic function and insufficiency of immunoglobulin synthesis in neonates by detecting CD21 expression in B lymphocytes in different age group children.

METHODSThis study consisted of three age group children: 2-26 days (n=18), 6 months-2 years (n=12) and 3-12 years (n=17). CD21 expression in B lymphocytes was detected with flow cytometry. Serum levels of immunoglobulins were measured by immunoturbidimetry.

RESULTSThe percentage and the number of B lymphocytes expressing CD21 in the neonate group were significantly lower than in the other two age groups. The neonate group also showed lower mean fluorescence intension (MFI) of CD21. The percentage and the number of B lymphocytes expressing CD21 as well as the MFI of CD21 increased significantly with the age. The serum levels of IgA and IgM in the neonate group were noticeably lower than those in the other two age groups. The serum levels of IgA and IgM also increased significantly with the age.

CONCLUSIONSLow CD21 expression in B lymphocytes may be related to low function of humoral immunity in neonates.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; B-Lymphocytes ; chemistry ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Receptors, Complement 3d ; blood

C1q nephropathy is a proliferative glomerulopathy with extensive mesangial deposition of C1q. A three-year old boy presented with a nephrotic-range proteinuria during an acute phase of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, and he had a family history of Dent's disease. The renal biopsy findings were compatible with C1q nephropathy. However, EBV in situ hybridization was negative. The CLCN5 gene analysis revealed an R637X hemizygous mutation, which was the same as that detected in his maternal cousin, the proband of the family. The causal relationship between EBV infection and C1q nephropathy remains to be determined. Moreover, the effects of underlying Dent's disease in the process of C1q nephropathy has to be considered.
Biopsy ; Child, Preschool ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/metabolism ; Glomerulonephritis/pathology ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; Infectious Mononucleosis/*complications/*diagnosis ; Kidney Diseases/*complications/*diagnosis ; Kidney Tubules/*pathology ; Male ; Membrane Glycoproteins/*chemistry ; Mutation ; Nephrosis ; Proteinuria/*complications/*diagnosis ; Receptors, Complement/*chemistry ; Treatment Outcome

Astragalus heteropolysaccharides (AHPS) is obtained from the dried roots of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge var. mongholious (Bunge) Hsiao. In the present study, we observed its effects on erythrocyte immune adherence function in mice with adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA). The mice were treated intragastrically with AHPS of 1 000, 500, and 250 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) separately and treated with tripterygium glycosides (TG) of 60 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) as positive control. The number of complement receptor type 1 (CR1) on erythrocyte, the concentration of circulating immune complex (CIC) in serum and the amount of immune complex (IC) deposition in synovium of knee joint were determined by flow cytometry, polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) precipitation and ponceau S (P-S) staining and fluorescent immunohistochemistry respectively. The pathological change of knee joint was evaluated by histological section. The results showed that both AHPS and TG improved significantly the primary and secondary local or systemic symptoms of the mice with AA and reduced the synovium hyperplasia, inflammatory cell infiltrate, pannus and cartilage demolish of knee joint, and AHPS of 1 000, 500, and 250 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) could significantly increase the number of CR1 on erythrocyte, improve the elimination of CIC in the peripheral blood and reduce the deposition of IC in joint synovium in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). The results indicate that one of the therapeutic effective mechanisms of AHPS on mice with AA could be to increase gene expression of CR1 of mice with AA.
Animals ; Antigen-Antibody Complex ; blood ; metabolism ; Arthritis, Experimental ; metabolism ; pathology ; Astragalus Plant ; chemistry ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Erythrocytes ; immunology ; Knee Joint ; pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Polysaccharides ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Random Allocation ; Receptors, Complement ; blood ; Synovial Membrane ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo study the erythrocyte immuno-regulatory effect of Patrinia scabra Bunge extracts extracted by macroporous adsorptive resins in tumor bearing mice.

METHODSPatrinia scabra Bunge was extracted by macroporous adsorptive resins, and the amount of polysaccharides and saponins in the extract were determined. Mice bearing S180 tumor were treated with the extract and their survival prolongation rate, erythrocyte rosette formation rates of C3b receptor (ERR-CR), immune complex (ERR-IC) and tumor cell (ERR-TC), as well as the CD35 and CD44s were observed.

RESULTSPolysaccharide content was 21.4%, saponin 41.8% in the extract. As compared with the model group, the survival rate was increased, the erythrocyte immune function was improved (showed increase of ERR-CR and ERR-TC, decrease of ERR-IC), and the amount of CD35 and CD44s in red blood cell membrane increased in mice after being treated with the extract (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONExtract of Patrinia scabra Bunge extracted by macroporous adsorptive resins can regulate the erythrocyte immune function to a certain extent.

Adsorption ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; therapeutic use ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Erythrocytes ; cytology ; drug effects ; immunology ; Female ; Male ; Mice ; Patrinia ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Receptors, Complement 3b ; immunology ; Resins, Synthetic ; chemistry ; Rosette Formation ; Sarcoma 180 ; drug therapy ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of two kinds of cactus polysaccharide on erythrocyte immune function in S180 mice.

METHODClassical pharmaceutical method and test kit.

RESULTThe cactus polysaccharide increased the content of RBC-CaR, RFER, decreased the content of RFIR, raised the content of sialic acid. And the effect of median dose group of medical cactus polysaccharide and high dose group of edible cactus polysaccharide is very remarkable (P < 0.01) compared with model group.

CONCLUSIONThe cactus polysaccharide improved the erythrocyte function of tumor-mice, which may be one of anti-tumor mechanisms.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Cactaceae ; chemistry ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Erythrocytes ; immunology ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; N-Acetylneuraminic Acid ; blood ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Opuntia ; chemistry ; Plants, Edible ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Polysaccharides ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Random Allocation ; Receptors, Complement 3b ; metabolism ; Rosette Formation ; Sarcoma 180 ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo observe the changes of erythrocyte immunity and serum lipid peroxide in asphyxia neonate, and to study the effect of Folium Ginkgo extract (FGE) on them.

METHODSThirty asphyxia neonates were randomly divided into 2 groups, the treated group and the control group, 15 in each group. Erythrocyte C3b receptor rosette rate (E-C3bRR), erythrocyte immune complex rosette rate (E-ICR), blood superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and serum lipid peroxide (LPO) level were determined at 24 hrs after birth. Conventional treatment was given to both groups and FGE (15 mg/kg.d) was given to the treated group additionally for 7-8 days, then the above-mentioned parameters were re-examined and neonatal behavioral neurological assessment (NBNA) was measured as well.

RESULTSE-C3bRR and SOD lowered, E-ICR and serum LPO increased in the asphyxia neonate significantly (P < 0.05). After treatment, comparison between the two groups showed that E-C3bRR and SOD were higher, E-ICR and serum LPO were lower in the treated group than those in the control group, and NBNA scoring was obviously higher in the former than that in the latter (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONDecrease of erythrocyte immunity in asphyxia neonate is related to the declined anti-oxidation ability and lipid peroxidase injury. FGE could suppress the free radical production, scavenge free radicals, antagonize the lipid peroxidation injury of cell membrane and up-regulate erythrocyte immunity. It displays the effects of nerve tissue protection and hypoxia-ischemic brain injury alleviation.

Asphyxia Neonatorum ; blood ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Erythrocytes ; immunology ; Female ; Free Radical Scavengers ; therapeutic use ; Ginkgo biloba ; chemistry ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Lipid Peroxides ; blood ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Receptors, Complement 3b ; blood ; Rosette Formation ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood

Inflammation plays an essential role in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. Our study was aimed to investigate whether salvianolate, a novel water-soluble phenolic compound of Danshen, alleviates atherosclerosis via regulating the inflammation in rats. High fat diet feeding plus vitamin D3 injection was used to induce atherosclerosis in rats. Salvianolate (60, 120 or 240 mg/kg) or placebo was given to atherosclerotic rats. The plasma lipids, interleukin 6 (IL-6) and C reactive protein (CRP) were measured by ELISA. CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ cells were determined by flow cytometry. Histological changes were examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The results showed that the levels of plasma IL-6 and CRP were elevated in the rats fed on high fat diet, and the histological analysis demonstrated the successful establishment of atherosclerosis models. Treatment with salvianolate alleviated the atherosclerotic process and decreased the levels of plasma IL-6 and CRP. Also the number of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ cells was increased in salvianolate-treated rats. It was concluded that salvianolate could treat atherosclerosis via modulating the inflammation at cytokine and cell levels.
Animals ; Atherosclerosis ; blood ; etiology ; prevention & control ; C-Reactive Protein ; metabolism ; Cholecalciferol ; administration & dosage ; Diet, High-Fat ; adverse effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Flow Cytometry ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Inflammation ; blood ; prevention & control ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Lipids ; blood ; Lymphocyte Count ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptors, Complement 3b ; metabolism ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Vitamins ; administration & dosage

Castleman's disease represents an atypical lymphoproliferative disorder, infrequently associated with various immunologic abnormalities or subsequent development of malignancy such as Kaposi sarcoma, malignant lymphoma and plasmacytoma. Its clinicopathologic features depend on various etiologic factors such as Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV), oversecretion of IL-6, adhesion molecule and follicular dendritic cell dysplasia, etc. To investigate the relationship of Castleman's disease (CD) and the above factors, we reviewed 22 cases of CD. Four cases of KSHV positive CD were detected, all multicentric, plasma cell type, and these cases displayed prominent vascular proliferation, characteristic 'Kaposi-like lesion'. IL-6 and CD54 positive mononuclear cells were scattered in interfollicular areas of KSHV positive cases. Follicular dendritic cell hyperplasia, vascular proliferation, expression of IL-6 and CD54 did not show any significant difference between solitary vs multicentric type, and plasma cell type vs hyaline vascular type. Our study suggests that KSHV positive CD reveals unique pathologic features, and the probable relationship of KSHV and IL-6 and CD54 is discussed.
Adolescence ; Adult ; Biological Markers ; Dendritic Cells, Follicular/pathology ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/virology ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/epidemiology ; Female ; Germinal Center/pathology ; Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia/virology ; Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia/pathology+ACo- ; Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia/epidemiology ; Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia/classification ; Herpesviridae Infections/virology ; Herpesviridae Infections/epidemiology ; Herpesvirus 4, Human/isolation +ACY- purification ; Herpesvirus, Kaposi Sarcoma-Associated/isolation +ACY- purification ; Human ; Hyperplasia ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/analysis ; Interleukin-6/analysis ; Korea/epidemiology ; Lymph Nodes/virology ; Lymph Nodes/pathology ; Lymph Nodes/chemistry ; Male ; Middle Age ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Receptors, Complement 3d/analysis ; Retrospective Studies ; Tumor Virus Infections/virology ; Tumor Virus Infections/epidemiology