In order to characterize the chloroplast genome and phylogenetic relationships of Isopyrum anemonoides, we performed Illumina Hiseq high-throughput sequencing to sequence the complete chloroplast genome of this plant and constructed a whole-genome map based on contig assembly and annotation. The chloroplast genome of I. anemonoides is 161 034 bp in length and has a typical tetrad structure, comprising 85 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. The genome also contains a total of 44 dispersed repeat sequences and 47 simple sequence repeats. Among the genome's 53 678 codons, the largest proportion are leucine-encoding codons (5 251), whereas the smallest proportion encode tryptophan (712). Colinear analysis revealed an absence of inversions and rearrangements between I. anemonoides and related species at the chloroplast genome level. Whereas phylogenetic analysis indicated that I. anemonoides did not cluster in a clade with I. manshuricum, it did show a very close phylogenetic relationship with Paraquilegia microphylla. The findings of this study provide basic data that will contribute to further species identification and phylogenetic study of the genus Isopyrum.
Codon ; Genome, Chloroplast/genetics* ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Phylogeny ; Ranunculaceae/genetics*