*Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/*therapy ; Microspheres ; Polyglactin 910/*therapeutic use ; Rats, Inbred ACI

BackgroundThe effectiveness of the combination of electroacupuncture (EA) and behavioral training (BT) for mid/advanced cerebral infarction (M/ACI) and related mechanisms remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the combined effects on the learning-memory ability and event-related potential P300 in rats with M/ACI.

MethodsEighty rats with M/ACI were divided into Group Model (M), Group EA, Group BT, and Group EA-BT (n = 20) according to the random number with five healthy rats in Group Control (CON). On the 6 week after modeling, EA, BT, and EA-BT were given to Group EA, Group BT, and Group EA-BT, respectively, whereas Group M and Group CON were not given any intervention. Y-maze test and P300 were recorded before and after the intervention.

ResultsAfter intervention, the P300 latency was lower and the amplitude was higher in the Group EA-BT, Group EA, and Group BT than before (for latency, t = -7.638, -4.334, and -5.916; for amplitude, t = 8.125, 3.846, and 5.238; P < 0.01), with Group EA-BT superior to Group EA (for latency, t = -3.708; for amplitude, t = 3.653; P < 0.01) and Group BT (for latency, t = -2.067; for amplitude, t = 2.816; P < 0.05), with no significant difference between Group BT and EA (for latency, t = -1.439; for amplitude, t = 1.075; P > 0.05). While the performances of Y-maze tests in the Group EA-BT, Group EA, and Group BT were all better than before (t = 10.359, 4.520, and 7.791, P < 0.01), with Group EA-BT better than Group EA (t = 5.627, P < 0.01) and Group BT (t = 2.913, P < 0.01) respectively, and Group BT better than Group EA (t = 2.912, P < 0.01).

ConclusionEA or BT can affect P300 in rats with M/ACI, and the combination of these two methods can significantly improve the learning-memory ability.

Acupuncture Points ; Animals ; Cerebral Infarction ; Disease Models, Animal ; Electroacupuncture ; Evoked Potentials ; Humans ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred ACI ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility of strategy of allograft tolerance induction by injection of FasL-decorated donor splenocytes.

METHODSChimeric FasL with core streptavidin (SA-FasL) was efficiently displayed on the surface of splenocytes by the technology of ProtEx™. Heterotopic heart transplant procedures were performed from donor WF rats to recipient ACI rats, F344 rats were used as third-party. Intraperitoneal injection of ACI rats with "decorated" WF splenocytes was used as the approach to induce tolerance in this study. According to different therapeutic strategies, three groups were set up: SA-FasL group (n = 23), SA group (n = 20) and naive splenocytes only group (n = 8). No treatment group was regarded as control (n = 10). Adoptive transfer was underwent with injection of splenocytes from tolerant recipients into naive ACI followed by heart transplant procedures. Mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) and third party transplantation were performed to detect allogenic tolerance.

RESULTSThe injection of ACI rats with WF rat splenocytes displaying SA-FasL on their surface resulted in tolerance to donor, but not F344 third-party cardiac allografts. There were 70% cardiac allografts in SA-FasL group achieved long term survival, and it was significantly higher than the rats in other groups (P < 0.05). Adoptive transfer of splenocytes from long-term graft recipients into naive unmanipulated ACI rats resulted in indefinite survival of secondary WF grafts. Donor specific tolerance was identified by MLR and third-party transplant.

CONCLUSIONThe direct display of SA-FasL on the cell membrane in a rapid and efficient manner provides a practical and clinically applicable means of immunomodulation for tolerance induction with considerable therapeutic potential for transplantation.

Animals ; Fas Ligand Protein ; genetics ; immunology ; Heart Transplantation ; immunology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred ACI ; Rats, Inbred F344 ; Rats, Inbred WF ; Spleen ; cytology ; metabolism ; Tissue Donors ; Transplantation Tolerance ; immunology

Animals ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental ; therapy ; Male ; Microspheres ; Polyglactin 910 ; therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred ACI

To establish a murine carotid artery transplantation model for the study of the chronic rejection, 80 rats were divided into two groups, an allotransplant (ACI-Lewis) group and an isotransplant (Lewis-Lewis) group (control group). The donor carotid artery and the recipient carotid artery were anastomosed by using a polyethylene cuff (internal diameter: 0.7 mm, length: 3 mm).The pathological changes of carotid artery transplant were observed 14, 28 and 56 days after the transplantation. The results showed that the model was successfully established in 95% of the animals. The chronic rejection-associated arteriosclerosis was induced 28 days after the transplantation. The new chronic rejection model of carotid artery by using cuff technique caused fewer traumas and was easy to make. The pathological changes of the transplant mimicked the chronic rejection-associated arteriosclerosis found in human transplant.
Anastomosis, Surgical/methods ; Arteriosclerosis ; Carotid Artery, Common/*transplantation ; Delayed Graft Function ; Graft Rejection/*pathology ; Models, Animal ; Polyethylene ; Rats, Inbred ACI ; Rats, Inbred Lew

Animals ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Iodized Oil ; administration & dosage ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental ; therapy ; Mitomycin ; administration & dosage ; Orchidaceae ; Phytotherapy ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred ACI

Animals ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Hepatic Artery ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental ; pathology ; therapy ; Male ; Orchidaceae ; Phytotherapy ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred ACI

*Chemoembolization, Therapeutic/methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/*administration & dosage ; Hepatic Artery ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/*therapy ; Orchidaceae ; Phytotherapy ; Rats, Inbred ACI