Objective:To explore the mechanism of infiltration and transfer of bladder carcinoma. Meth-ods:Ager single diffusion method and immunoenzyme technique were adopted to determine the level anddistribution of fibrin in serum and tissues of bladder carcinoma. Results :Fibrin level in patients with blad-der carcinoma significantly decreased than that in control (P＜0. 01). In tissues of bladder carcinoma,mostpart of FN was expressed in cellular matrix,and a little FN was on the surface of cell membrane. Positiveexpression in transfer bladder carcinoma significantly decreased than that in non-transfer bladder carcino-ma. Conclusion :FN level relates to the infiltration and transfer in bladder carcinoma patients.

Objective:To investigate the clinlic therapeutic effect of sigmoid orthotopic neobladder after radical cystectomy in the treatment of invasive bladder cancer.Methods:1 6 patients with invasive bladder cancer (all males;age range from 53 to 75 years)were admitted and underwent radical cystectomy and sigmoid orthotopic neobladder.Results:Sixteen patients were hospitalized for 37 to 62 d,with an average of 51 d.All patients were followed up for a mean of 26 months (range from 5 months to 6 years).The serum creatinine (Cr)and blood urea nitrogen (BUN)levels were both in the normal range and there was no acidosis in all the cases. No case had unilateral ureteral urine reflux during cystography. Of the 16 patients 14 cases (87.5%) achieved continence during daytime;6 cases (37.5%) were incontinent at night, but all of them could control urination by being woken up at night.The capacity of the neobladder was 245 to 380 mL with an average of 316 mL and the maximal pressure of the neobladder during filling was 28 to 57 cm H2 O (1 cm H2 O =0.098 kPa)with an average of 39 cm H2 O.Conclusion:As an operation the sigmoid orthotopic neobladder can be performed easily without serious postoperative complications and has more reliable results. This operation may be generally applied in clinical practice.

Objective To evaluate the effect of the cyclooxygenase (COX-2) inhibitor celebrex on the growth of VX_2 renal carcinoma in a rabbit model in order to provide the basis for clinical application. Methods A rabbit model of VX_2 renal carcinoma was reproduced. The effect of COX-2 inhibitor celebret on tumor growth was observed. Results Compared with control, the growth of VX_2 renal carcinoma was remarkably retarded after celebrex treatment for 2 and 3 weeks. The difference between the two groups was signiticant (P

Objective To determine the existence of RBM6-RBM5 chimera and study its relationship with oncogenesis. Methods Ten cell lines including GLC-20,MDA.MB.231,Jurkat,TF-1,MCF-7,Hela,BT-474,A431,K562 and Raji ; several cDNAs from tumor tissues including lung,ovary,skeletal,skin,spleen,uterus,heart,bone,brain,lymph node,pancreas,prostate,testis and their normal controls and 5 breast cancer tissues were collected for the study.Nested PCR was used to identify the existence and expression level of RBM6-RBM5 chimera.QPCR was used to determine the RBM6,RBM5 gene expression level in chimeric positive and negative tumor tissues.Results RBM6-RBM5 chimera was identified in MDA,MB,231 cell line,which lacked exons 20,21 of RBM6 and exon 1 of RBM5.The chimeric expression was only observed on 10 tumor cell lines and tissues,among some specific tumor types,the chimeric expression was associated with elevated levels of RBM6 and RBM5 mRNA.Conclusion RBM6 mRNA experiences altered co-transcriptional gene regulation in certain cancers.RBM6-RBM5 transcription-induced chimerism might be a process that is linked to the tumor-associated increased transcriptional activity of the RBM6 and RBM5 genes,and this chimera might be a new marker for tumor prediction.

Objective To determine the role of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) signaling in endochondral ossification.Methods Long bones,from EGFR knockout mice(EGFR-/-),wild type(EGFR+/+) and(or) heterozygous mice(EGFR+/-) were collected and Trichrome Masson staining,in situ hybridization and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP) staining were used to observe endochondral ossification and recruitment of osteoclasts;Osteoclast formation was observed by addition of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor AG1478 to the cultured osteoclasts from bone marrow cells.Results Due to the same phenotype of EGFR+/+ and EGFR+/-,they were regarded as EGFR+/+ in our study.EGFR deficiency caused delayed primary endochondral ossification of cartilage anlage and delayed osteoclast recruitment.The hypertrophic cartilage area in EGFR-/-mice was about 5 times longer than that in EGFR+/+ mice.There was different distribution of MMP-9 between EGFR+/+ and EGFR-/-in E16.5,but there was no difference about the quantity of MMP-9 in osteoclasts between EGFR-/-and EGFR+/+.However,inhibition of EGFR signaling with AG1478 significantly decreased osteoclast formation compared with control group with DMSO(P

Objective Objective To study the effect of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) on IFN-? signaling pathway in macrophages. Methods Humans and mice macrophages were isolated and infected by Mtb, condition medium were collected after a few days culture; Macrophage surface expression of Fc?RI (human) or MHC II (mouse) was measured by flow cytometry to explore the effect of condition medium on macrophage response to IFN-?. Results Surface expression of Fc?RI in human macrophages cultured in condition medium was significantly decreased compared to those without condition medium (p

Objective:To explore the expressions of endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2 S)and its synthases cystathionine beta synthase (CBS)and cystathionine gamma lyase (CSE)in the cell lines of normal bladder and bladder cancer,and to clarify their mechanism in the development of bladder cancer.Methods:The bladder cancer cell lines (5637,T24,UM-UC-3,EJ)and human bladder epithelial cell line SV-HUC-1 were selected.The expressions of CBS and CSE in bladder cancer and normal cell lines were analyzed by Western blotting assay and the productivities of H2 S in cell lines were detected by sensitive sulphur electrode assay.The EJ cells were selected based on the previous experimental results and divided into groups as follows:① 10 μmol· L-1 NaHS group, 50 μmol·L-1 NaHS group,100 μmol·L-1 NaHS group and control group.After drug treatment,the cell survival rate was measured by MTT assay at 24 and 48 h.② 5 μg·L-1 cisplatin group,cisplatin (5 μg·L-1 )+ NaHS (100 μmol·L-1 )group and control group.After medicine treatment,the cell survival rate was measured by MTT assay and the cell apoptotic rate was detected by flow cytometry at 48 h. Results:Compared with the normal bladder cells (SV-HUC-1),the expression levels of CBS and CSE and the productivity of H2 S in the bladder cancer cell lines (5637,T24,UM-UC-3 and EJ)were increased obviously (P <0.05 or P <0.01).Compared with control group,exogenous H2 S promoted the cell proliferation of EJ cells.The cell survival rates were increased with the increase of drug dose (P <0.05),which showed a dose-dependent effect.The cell survival rates were increased with the prolongation of time (P <0.05),which showed a time-dependent effect.After medicine treatment,compared with cisplatin group,the cell viability in cisplatin+NaHS group was increased (P <0.05)and the apoptotic rate was decreased (P <0.05).Conclusion:Endogenous H2 S and its synthases CBS and CSE have an increased expression level in bladder cancer cell lines compared with the normal bladder cells.H2 S can enhance the proliferation of bladder cancer cells and decrease the apoptosis induced by cisplatin.

Objective:To construct the rat models of orthotopic bladder cancer induced by N-methyl-nitrosourea (MNU),and to evaluate the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)in the noninvasive diagnosis of the bladder cancer model.Methods:Sixty femail SD rats were divided into experiment group (n=45)and control group (n=15).The rats experiment group were induced with MNU (2 mg per rat)by intravesical administration every other week,for 4 times.Meantime,the rats in control group were treated with normal saline (0.2 mL per rat)by intravesical administration.At the end of the 14th week,all rats were examined by MRI and the pathological changes of bladder tissue were detected.Results:In experiment group,43 rats were alived and 2 rats were died at the end of the 14th week;the survial rate was 95.6% and the death rate was 4.4%;the abnormal signals were found in each of 43 rats by MRI which manifested as bladder tumor, and the same results were identified by pathology;the tumor formation rate was 100%.In control group,14 rats were alived and 1 rat was died at the end of the 14th week;the survival rate was 93.3%,and the death rate was 6.7%;there was no abnormal signal in the MRI examination and no bladder cancer in the pathological examination;the tumor formation rate was 0.The tumor formation rates of bladder cancer of the rats in two groups had significant difference (P <0.05),and the death rate had no significant difference (P >0.05).Conclusion:The method to establish the rat models of orthotopic bladder cancer induced by MNU is simple and reliable;the results of MRI are consistent with the pathological results and MRI examination is a reliable diagnostic method concerning this model.

Objective To investigate the effect of warm acupuncture combined with Banxia-Xiexin decoction on diabetic gastroparesis (DGP).Methods A total of 86 DGP patients who met the selected criteria were divided into two groups by random number table method.The control group was treated with warm acupuncture.The observation group added Banxia-Xiexin decoction on the basis of the control group.Both groups were treated for 4 weeks.The clinical efficacy of motilin (MTL),somatostatin (SS) and leptin (LP) were evaluated by ELISA.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 97.7％ (42/43) and the control group was 88.4％ (38/43).The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (x2=9.492,P＜0.01).The post-treatment serum MTL (340.82 ± 51.32 ng/L vs.422.42 ± 64.51 ng/L,t=43.184) and LP (1.98 ± 0.24 ng/ml vs.2.78 ± 0.27 ng/ml,t=5.330) of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P＜0.01),while the serum SS (47.62 ± 7.48 ng/L vs.33.26 ± 5.09 ng/L,t=8.494) was significantly higher than that of the control group (P＜0.01).Conclusions The warm acupuncture combined with Banxia-Xiexin decoction can obviously relieve the clinical symptoms of DGP patients,reduce the level of leptin,and there is no obvious adverse reaction.

Synovial sarcoma is a soft tissue malignancy of unknown origin which usually occurs around the joints of the extremities, but rarely detected in the kidneys. A case of primary synovial sarcoma of the kidney was reported, which was preoperatively diagnosed as a malignant tumor of the right kidney for intermittent gross hematuria. After the laparoscopic radical nephrectomy, primary renal synovial sarcoma was confirmed by pathological examination. The patient refused further treatment, and there was no recurrence or metastasis during the 13 months of follow-up.