BACKGROUND: Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE) is the primary cause of neonatal brain injury, which retards the mental development in affected infants.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of early intervention on mental and psychological development in infants with HIE, study the time-effect relation of the early intervention, and to find an optimal time for intervention.DESIGN: A time series of following-up and a non-randomized concurrent controlled investigation.SETTING: Xiangya Hospital and Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated to Central South University.PARTICIPANTS: From February 1999 to May 2001, in the Pediatric Department of Xiangya Hospital Affiliated to the Central South University, the inpatient and outpatient infants with HIE were selected. There were 32 inpatients in the intervention group, 10 with moderate HIE and 22 with severe HIE. There were 36 outpatients in the control group, 10 with moderate HIE and 26 with severe HIE. Comparison was performed between these two groups.METHODS: BRS and the Infant and Child Mental Development Scales,made by The Institute of Psychology of The Chinese Academy of Science and The China National Children' s Center(CNCC), were adopted in the assessment between the two groups.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mental Development Index(MDI) and Psychomotor Development Index(PDI) scores of the two groups were compared.were significantly higher in the intervention group(90.50 ± 11.12/90. 34±12.49,94.06±14.96/92.03±13.07,90.78±7.46/91.38 ± 13.87)than those in the control group(62.28±7.44/62.67±6.06, 59.11following-up results showed that one patient in the intervention group had a MDI score at the critical threshold value, and two patients had PDI scores at the critical threshold value. For all the other patients in this group, the MDI/PDI scores of them were above the moderate range. In contrast, all the 36 infants in control group had developed mental deficiencies at that time.CONCLUSION: A quantifiable effect of the intervention can be observed in patients at 3 months of life. This indicates that an early intervention is essential for improving the mental development in infants with HIE.

Objective To establish an indicator system for performance assessment of women and children health care institutions,and provide basis for performance management of such institutions.Methods In this study,literature searching,expert discussion,Delphi method,coefficient of variation method,correlation analysis,principal components analysis,factor analysis and cluster analysis were used to establish the indicator system.In addition,expert scoring and CRITIC methods were called into play to calculate the weight coefficient of each index,and to test the validity and reliability of such an indicator system.Results Thanks to the framework of this indicator system,we set up six class 1 indicators,including heahhcare quality,healthcare efficiency,quality and efficiency of public health service,social efficiency,economic benefit,and development potential.Conclusions Scientific studies can help us build a scientific and practical general performance assessment indicator system applicable to women and children care hospitals at all levels.

Through introducing mutations into ribosomes by obtaining spontaneous drug resistance of microorganisms, ribosome engineering technology is an effective approach to develop mutant strains that overproduce secondary metabolites. In this study, ribosome engineering was used to improve the yield of butenyl-spinosyns produced by Saccharopolyspora pogona by screening streptomycin resistant mutants. The yields of butenyl-spinosyns were then analyzed and compared with the parent strain. Among the mutants, S13 displayed the greatest increase in the yield of butenyl-spinosyns, which was 1.79 fold higher than that in the parent strain. Further analysis of the metabolite profile of S13 by mass spectrometry lead to the discovery of Spinosyn α1, which was absent from the parent strain. DNA sequencing showed that there existed two point mutations in the conserved regions of rpsL gene which encodes ribosomal protein S12 in S13. The mutations occurred a C to A and a C to T transversion mutations occurred at nucleotide pair 314 and 320 respectively, which resulted in the mutations of Proline (105) to Gultamine and Alanine (107) to Valine. It also demonstrated that S13 exhibited genetic stability even after five passages.
Genetic Engineering ; Macrolides ; metabolism ; Point Mutation ; Ribosomal Proteins ; genetics ; Ribosomes ; metabolism ; Saccharopolyspora ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical features of children with different clinical forms of congenital hepatic fibrosis (CHF), and provides a description of the characteristics of childhood CHF.

METHODSSixty children with CHF between January 2002 and June 2015 were enrolled, including 26 children with portal hypertensive CHF (PH CHF), 3 children with cholangitic CHF, 30 children with combined portal hypertensive and cholangitic CHF (mixed CHF), and 1 child with latent forms of CHF. The medical data of 26 children with PH CHF and 30 children with mixed CHF, including gender, age, clinical manifestations, physical signs, laboratory tests and imaging characteristics, were retrospectively studied.

RESULTSFever, jaundice and hepatomegaly were more frequently noted in children with mixed CHF than in those with PH CHF (P<0.05). Splenomegaly and liver cirrhosis occurred more often in children with CHF, but there was no significant difference in the incidences of splenomegaly and liver cirrhosis between the children with PH CHF and mixed CHF. The plasma prothrombin activity, white blood cell counts, platelet counts, mean platelet volume, serum levels of alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyl transferase, leucine aminopeptidase, and total bile acids in children with mixed CHF were higher than in those with PH CHF (P<0.05). The decreased international normalized ratio and lower serum albumin levels were more frequently observed in children with mixed CHF than in those with PH CHF (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSPH and mixed CHF are common forms in childhood CHF. The children with the two forms of PH usually manifest portal hypertension such as cirrhosis and hepatosplenomegaly. The liver damage may be common in children with mixed CHF.

Adolescent ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; blood ; Child ; Female ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; complications ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; complications ; diagnosis ; Male ; Splenomegaly ; etiology

Pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 has seriously threatened human life and health worldwide and caused a large number of deaths. Viral infection and acute inflammation are important causes of death, so it is particularly important to combine antiviral therapy with anti-inflammatory therapy. Glycyrrhizic acid, the main component of the glycyrrhizic root extract, has a wide range of pharmacological effects as well as high efficiency and low toxicity, its preparation has been widely used in the treatment of chronic hepatitis and other diseases. Glycyrrhizic acid can regulate the expression and release of a variety of cytokines and play a significant anti-inflammatory effect. At the same time, glycyrrhizic acid also showed significant inhibition towards a variety types of viruses. Therefore, the potential application of glycyrrhizic acid as COVID-19 treatment should be explored.