Objective To evaluate the effects of laparoscopic radical resection of mid-low rectal cancer on sexual and urinary functions of male patients. Methods The clinical data of 150 patients with mid-low rectal cancer who were admitted to the PLA General Hospital from May 2006 to March 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. Sixty-eight patients were allocated to laparoscopic group and 82 to open group. The incidences of erectile and ejaculatory dysfunction and the short- and long-term urinary dysfunction of patients in the 2 groups were compared seperately at 6 and 12 months after the operation. All data were analyzed using the chi-square test. Results The incidences of erectile and ejaculation dysfunction at 6 months after operation, incidence of ejaculation dysfunction at 12 months after operation, and long-term urinary dysfunction were 15% (10/68), 16% (11/68), 10% (7/68) and 0 in the laparoscopic group, and 22% (18/82), 23% (19/82), 21% (17/82) and 2% (2/82) in the open group, respectively, no significant difference between the two groups was found (x2 = 1. 285, 1. 137, 3. 013, 1.681, P>0. 05). The incidences of erectile dysfunction at 12 months after operation and short-term urinary dysfunction were 7% (5/68) and 4% (3/68) in the laparoscopic group, and 17% (14/82) and 20% (16/82) in the open group, respectively, a significant difference between the two groups was observed (x = 4. 565, 5.930, P <0.05). Conclusion Laparoscopic radical resection of mid-low rectal cancer can reduce the injury of pelvic autonomic nerve and improve the life quality of patients.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of domestic oseltamivir in patients with influenza. Methods A randomized, single-blinded, controlled clinical trial was performed.Patients in the study group received domestic oseltamivir, while the patients in control group received foreign oseltamivir. The doses were both 75 mg every time, twice a day. The treatment durations in both groups were 5 days. Chi square test was performed to compare baseline characteristics and the difference of side effects. Paired t test was used to compare the efficacy. Results Two hundred and nine patients were enrolled in this study (98 cases in study group. 111 cases in control group). The trend in body temperature change was similar in the two groups (t = 0. 061, P>0. 05). The score of symptom severity decreased more quickly in patients treated with foreign oseltamivir compared to those treated with domestic oseltamivir during the period from 24 h to 48 h. However, the difference between the two groups diminished gradually and was not statistically significant at 72 h (t=0. 875,P>0. 05). The safety of the domestic and foreign oseltamivir were comparable(X2 = 0. 197,P>0. 05). Conclusion The domestic oseltamivir is as effective and safe as the foreign oseltamivir.

Objective To assess the prevalence, and characteristics, and in-hospital and long-term prognosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) with metabolic syndrome, and to determine the factors affecting the prognosis of CAD most. Method The DESIRE (drug-eluting stent impact on revascularization) registry covered a database of 2368 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) in a period between July 2003 and September 2004. The median long-term follow-up time was 3.5 years ranged from 293 to 1855 days. The metabolic syndrome (MS) was diagnosed on the Definition of the Metabolic Syndrome modified by the Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) Ⅲ in 2005, by using the body mass index (BMI) instead of waist circumference. The relationship between metabolic syndrome (MS) and the incidences of major adverse cardiac as well as cerebral events (MACCE) in a large cohort of patients treated for revascularization was analyzed by using logistic analysis and Cox regression with SPSS 11.0 software. Results The Ms was present in 45.6% patients (high fast glucose (FG) in 44.5% patients, high triglycerides (TG) in 45.0% patients, low high density lipoprotein (HDL) in 50.8% patients, high BP in 61.4% patients, high BMI in60.7% patients). After follow-up, the ratio of MACCE in CAD patients with metabolic syndrome increased significantly (18.9% vs. 15.6%, P <0.036). The most dangerous factors of MS were high FG, hypertension and obesity (OR=1.787, 95%CI=1.132-2.845, P =0.014). Conclusions The MS contributes the high risk factors of MACCE in CAD patients with or without diabetes. The most dangerous combination of risk factors in MS is the combination of high FG, hypertension and obesity.

Objective:To elucidate the factors influencing the differences in the survival rates of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients between the rural and urban regions in China. Methods:A total of 36,723 ESCC patients derived from the clinical data-bases containing 500,000 esophageal and gastric cardia carcinoma cases (1973-2015) of the Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Can-cer Research of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, were analyzed. Of these patients, 33,625 were from the rural re-gions (91.6%), comprising 20,906 male patients with an average age of 58.98 ± 8.71 years and 12,719 females with an average age of 59.59 ± 8.53 years. The remaining 3,098 were from the urban regions and composed of 2,089 male patients with an average age of 60.84±9.10 years and 1,009 females with an average age of 62.46 ± 9.14 years. All the patients underwent radical esophagectomy, de-tailed histopathological diagnosis, and TNM staging. Chi square test, Kaplan-Meier, Log-rank, and Cox proportional hazards regression model were used to analyze the differences between ESCC patients from rural regions and those from urban regions and among the risk factors in prognosis. Results:Kaplan-Meier and Log-rank analysis results showed that the ESCC patients from the rural regions had significantly higher overall survival than the urban patients (χ2=12.971, P=0.000). Further analysis showed that rural patients≥50 years old and diagnosed with stage IIa and IIb (middle stage) ESCC had higher survival rates than urban patients in males and females (male:χ2=16.188, P<0.001;female:χ2=5.019, P=0.025). However, the survival rates of rural and urban patients with stage 0,Ⅰa,Ⅰb (early stage) and Ⅲa, Ⅲc, and Ⅳ (late stage) were similar (P>0.05). The results of Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis showed that age, gender, and TNM stages were independent risk factors for rural and urban ESCC patients. When the rural and urban ESCC patients were both considered, the Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis results showed that male ESCC patients≥50 years old, urban residence, and TNM stages were independent risk factors. Conclusion:Rural ESCC patients have significantly high-er overall survival than urban patients. Male, age of≥50 years old, urban residence, and TNM stages were independent risk factors for ESCC patient survival.

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical features of children with different clinical forms of congenital hepatic fibrosis (CHF), and provides a description of the characteristics of childhood CHF.

METHODSSixty children with CHF between January 2002 and June 2015 were enrolled, including 26 children with portal hypertensive CHF (PH CHF), 3 children with cholangitic CHF, 30 children with combined portal hypertensive and cholangitic CHF (mixed CHF), and 1 child with latent forms of CHF. The medical data of 26 children with PH CHF and 30 children with mixed CHF, including gender, age, clinical manifestations, physical signs, laboratory tests and imaging characteristics, were retrospectively studied.

RESULTSFever, jaundice and hepatomegaly were more frequently noted in children with mixed CHF than in those with PH CHF (P<0.05). Splenomegaly and liver cirrhosis occurred more often in children with CHF, but there was no significant difference in the incidences of splenomegaly and liver cirrhosis between the children with PH CHF and mixed CHF. The plasma prothrombin activity, white blood cell counts, platelet counts, mean platelet volume, serum levels of alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyl transferase, leucine aminopeptidase, and total bile acids in children with mixed CHF were higher than in those with PH CHF (P<0.05). The decreased international normalized ratio and lower serum albumin levels were more frequently observed in children with mixed CHF than in those with PH CHF (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSPH and mixed CHF are common forms in childhood CHF. The children with the two forms of PH usually manifest portal hypertension such as cirrhosis and hepatosplenomegaly. The liver damage may be common in children with mixed CHF.

Adolescent ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; blood ; Child ; Female ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; complications ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; complications ; diagnosis ; Male ; Splenomegaly ; etiology

Traditionally, early appendectomy has been the cornerstone of therapy for acute appendicitis. However, once appendiceal perforation and abscess formation occurs, the optimal means of treatment and the timing of operation is controversial. Recently, it was reported that radiologically guided percutaneous abscess drainage and antibiotic therapy, as an initial nonoperative management, was effective and safe. Recent experience with endoscopic transmural drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts or even pancreatic abscesses prompted us to use the similar technique for the primary treatment of peri-appendiceal abscess. We report a case of peri-appendiceal abscess complicating acute appendicitis which was successfully treated by colonoscopic transmural internal drainage.
Abscess* ; Appendectomy ; Appendicitis* ; Colonoscopy ; Drainage* ; Pancreatic Pseudocyst

Low grade mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is a very indolent disease and can achieve complete remission with only localized treatment unlike the low grade B-cell lymphoma originating from peripheral lymph nodes. The endoscopic finding of the low grade gastric MALT lymphoma is usually presented as multiple and superficial erosions or ulceration. We recently experienced one case of low grade gastric MALT lymphoma without any mucosal lesion. The patient was initially considered as a submucosal tumor originating from the proper muscle layer of stomach and underwent the subtotal gastrectomy. But the submucosal tumor was confirmed to the low grade gastric MALT lymphoma without H. pylori infection.
Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphoid Tissue ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone* ; Stomach ; Ulcer

Neurofibroma in gastrointestinal tract are presented as localized forms or in associated with neurofibromatosis. Previous reported cases were presented as relatively large sized esophageal mass and treated by surgical resection. However, a neurofibroma was found incidentally during endoscopy in this case. It was presented as palisade like solitary nodules with or without connecting mucosal bridges in lower esophagus. It was treated by mucosectomy and followed up without recurrence.
Endoscopy ; Esophagus* ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Neurofibroma* ; Neurofibromatoses ; Recurrence

In spite of the recent advances in diagnostic technology in clinical gastroenterology, identifying the cause of acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding is still a challenging task. Hematochezia from the appendiceal bleeding is rare and associated diseases are appendiceal endometriosis, angiodysplasia, arteriovenous malformation, Crohn's disease, appendicitis, carcinoid, lymphoma, diverticulosis, and intussusception of the appendix. We experienced a 31-year-old male with acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding from the appendix. Colonoscopy could demonstrate an active hemorrhage from the orifice of the appendix. Mesenteric arteriography revealed active bleeding from the appendix, which was managed with gelfoam embolization. Next day, appendectomy was done because of recurrent bleeding. Surgically removed appendix could not dislose any abnormal lesion except a small mucosal break.
Adult ; Angiodysplasia ; Angiography ; Appendectomy ; Appendicitis ; Appendix* ; Arteriovenous Malformations ; Carcinoid Tumor ; Colonoscopy ; Crohn Disease ; Diverticulum ; Endometriosis ; Female ; Gastroenterology ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Intussusception ; Lymphoma ; Male

Congenital stenosis of the esophagus is a rare form of esophageal stenosis in adults. The main causes of congenital esophageal stenosis are the esophageal web, esophageal stricture due to tracheobronchial remnants, and idiopathic esophageal muscular hypertrophy. Recently we have experienced a 32-year-old male with dysphagia, indigestion, postprandial chest discomfort who was diagnosed as congenital esophageal stenosis due to tracheobronchial remnant. The esophagogram showed stricture of the distal esophagus with secondary proximal dilatation and endoscopic finding revealed marked stenosis on the distal esophagus with normal surrounding mucosa. The esophageal manometric finding showed decreased body peristalsis and incomplete relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter. The patient was treated by surgical resection of the stenotic segment with end to end anastomosis. We report this rare case of adult type tracheobronchial remnant with analysis of various worldwide report and with brief review of literature.
Adult* ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Deglutition Disorders ; Dilatation ; Dyspepsia ; Esophageal Sphincter, Lower ; Esophageal Stenosis* ; Esophagus ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Male ; Mucous Membrane ; Peristalsis ; Relaxation ; Thorax