OBJECTIVETo explore the expressions and functions of the kisspeptin/kiss1r system and GnRH in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (HAN) and the influence of the kisspeptin/kiss1r system on the hypothalamic-pituitary-testis (HPT) axis in the rat models of diet-induced obesity.

METHODSNinety newborn SD male rats were randomly assigned to receive normal diet (n = 30) and high-fat diet (n = 60) for the establishment of obesity models. The model rats were again equally divided into a control group and an experimental group, the latter injected with kisspeptin via the lateral ventricle. Then the body mass index (BMI) and endocrine hormone levels of the rats were recorded, the protein expressions of LepR, kisspeptin, kiss1r, and GnRH in the HAN determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot, and the levels of GnRH mRNA in the HAN measured by qRT-PCR.

RESULTSSignificantly increased BMI and hormone levels indicated the successful establishment of diet-induced obesity models. Compared with the normal rats, the protein expressions of LepR, kisspeptin, and GnRH in the HAN were markedly decreased in the controls, and that of GnRH and the levels of LH and T significantly increased, but the expressions of LepR and kiss1r showed no remarkable changes in the experimental rats.

CONCLUSIONLateral ventricular injection of kisspeptin can upregulate obesity-induced low expression of GnRH, correct the dysfunction of the HPT axis, and thus improve reproductive function in rats.

Animals ; Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus ; metabolism ; Diet, High-Fat ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; metabolism ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System ; Kisspeptins ; metabolism ; Male ; Obesity ; metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; metabolism ; Receptors, Kisspeptin-1 ; Receptors, Leptin ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the cholesterol-reducing effects and tolerance property of Lactobacteria isolated from Kefir grain in vitro. Method In imitating gastroenteric environments,such as low pH (2.0～4.0) and high bile salt concentration (0.2%-0.4%),the survival counts of Lactobacteria was carried out and cholesterol-reducing effects were studied. Results The strains of KTX,KS4 and KL1 had more survival counts in eaperimental condition and KTX. KS4 were isolated as more tolerant strains to gastro-enteric environments and could reduce cholesterol in vitro. Conclusion Lactobacteria isolated from Kefir grain had tolerant properties and cholesterol-reducing effects in vitro.

Objective To investigate the cholesterol-reducing effects of complex bacteria leaven (CBL) from Kefir Grain milk yoghurt in experimental hypercholesterolemia rats. Method Isolated three strains of Lactobacilli from Kefir Grain milk yoghurt with high activity of bile salf hydrolase and cholesterol-reducing effect and prepare the CBL. Forty rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, hypercholesterolemia model group, and experimentalⅠ, Ⅱ groups according to serum TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C concentrations. Control group was fed basic feed and three other groups were fed high fat feed. Experimental groups were given i.g. the test substances for 8 w, and control and model groups were given water, then serum TC, TG , HDL-C and LDL-C concentrations were determined at the end of the 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th w. Results Compared with model group, serum TC, TG and LDL-C in experimentalⅠgroup and Ⅱgroup were significantly decreased and HDL-C increased after 8 w of treatments respectively, groupⅠ better than groupⅡ. Conclusion Complex bacteria leaven from Kefir Grain show significant effects of cholesterol-reducing effect in experimental hypercholesterolemia rats.

The main content of the 2019 Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America Scientific Session is summarized, and the main conclusions are presented as follows: Muscle-specific receptor tyrosine kinases antibody positive myasthenia gravis (MuSK-MG) is still the research hot spot in MG research fields, including the clinical researches, the clinical pharmaceutical researches and the fundamental experiment researches. Thymectomy shows safety and effectiveness for acetycholine receptor antibody positive MG (AChR-MG). However, thymectomy needs further discussion about the safety and effectiveness for other types of MG. AChR-MG patients with or without thymoma can benefit from thymectomy. Now there are still no special effective drugs to cure MG, and monoclonal antibody drugs are the hopes for MG patients. With the emergence of different kinds of monoclonal antibodies, MG will be more likely to be conquered. More attention has been paid to the role of B cells′ origin and apoptosis abnormality in the pathogenesis of MG in MG researches.

Ovarian pregnancy is a rare ectopic pregnancy.In recent years,the development and popularization of assisted reproductive technology increase the incidence of ovarian pregnancy.This article focused on the ultrasound features of ovarian pregnancy following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) by comparing those of pregnant corpus luteum and tubal pregnancy,and analyzed the advantages of transabdominal ultrasonography (TAS) and transvaginal ultrasonography (TVS) in the diagnosis.

By means of making analysis of the characteristics of the values of the undergraduates,this paper puts forward some views and methods on how to strengthen the guidance to their career planning,guide them to make correct self-analysis and professional analysis,establish clear career ideals and goals,culture all the occupational capacity required in order to enhance the competitiveness of the undergraduates and solve the employment problem.

Objective To analyze the effect of prognosis of psychological counseling combined with early double anti antiplatelet on the treatment of acute cerebral infarction.Methods 76 patients with acute cerebral infarction who were admitted to our hospital from February 2014 to March 2016 were numbered according to their admission order.The patients with even numbers were in the observation group and with the odds number in the control group, 38 cases in each group.The control group were given aspirin and clopidogrel in the early stage, and the observation group were given psychological guidance on the basis of the control group.The prognosis in the two groups was recorded and analyzed.Results The neurological deficit score (NIHSS) and simple mental state score (MMSE) in the observation group (9.16±0.73)points, (25.42±2.00)points were significantly higher in the observation group than those in the control group (12.59±1.05)points, (20.73±2.16)points.And the differences were significant (P<0.05).The level of dailyliving activity index (Barthel) and Hamilton depression (HAMD) in the observation groupwere (80.86±3.29)points, (13.70±1.53)points, respectively, which were better than those in the control group (71.53±3.75)points, (18.53±1.99)points, and the differences were significant (P<0.05).The total adverse reaction rate in the treatment group was 18.42%, slightly higher than 14.29% in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusion Psychological counseling combined with early double antiplatelet intervention has positive effect on the prognosis in the patients with acute cerebral infarction.

OBJECTIVE: To study the physical and chemical properties and transdermal delivery characteristics oi capsaicin. METHODS: Equilibrium solubility method, ultraviolet spectrophotometry, bottle-shaking method, differential scanning ealorimetry (DSC) and in vitro diffusion cell method were used to determine the apparent solubility, dissociation constant, apparent oil/water partition coefficient, melting point and percutaneous penetration of capsaicin, respectively. And the permeation characteristics were evaluated by lag time method. RESULTS: Capsaicin was slightly dissolved in water, and the apparent solubility was (22.85 ± 0.06) mg · L-1. It was a weak base with a dissociation constant of (10.25 ± 0.11). The apparent oil/water partition coefficient of capsaicin changed with the pH value, and increased when pH was greater than 8. Its melting point was 60.20°C. The residence time(ttag) was (2.437 ± 0.273) h, the permeability coefficient (P) (7.012 ± 0.341) × 10-2cm · h-1, and the percutaneous penetration rate (Js) (4.647 ± 0.226) μg · cm-2 · h-1. CONCLUSION: Capsaicin possesses appropriate physical and chemical properties for percutaneous penetration and exhibits excellent percutaneous penetration.

This paper discussed the classification, performance, cerebral localization and the possible mechanism of agraphia in patientswith aphasia. Writing disorders include not only agraphia caused by the neurological dysfunction of the brain, but also mechanicalwriting disorders caused by the primary motor dysfunction. Agraphia is a damage or loss of writing capability caused by acquired brain damage.The study abroad on agraphia focuses on phonetic language. Chinese characters and alphabetic languages belong to different languagesystems. Therefore, foreign research methods are not suitable for us. Domestic studies on agraphia are mostly case reports, and researchmethods and the pathological mechanism of Chinese agraphia are not consistent.

Objective: To investigate the function of the heath expenditure in the role of the economic growth through the research on the effect by the human capital. Methods: To establish endogenous growth models and human capital growth models of simultaneous equations, to analyze the mechanism by the method of a three-stage least squares. Results: Growth of human capital is positively related to economic growth, health expenditure growth is negatively related to economic growth, health expenditure growth and growth of human capital is positively correlated. Conclusion: Influences of health expenditure growth on economic growth depends on the comprehensive response.