Ten isoflavonoids were isolated from the heartwoods of Caragana changduensis Lion f. by means of various column chromatographic techniques. Based on the detailed spectral data analysis (MS and NMR), as well as comparison with the literatures, their chemical structures were determined as 7,2'-dihydroxy-8,4'-dimethoxyisoflavone (1), 4'-hydroxy-7,3'-dimethoxyisoflavone (2), 5, 7, 4'-trihydroxy-2',5'-dimethoxyisoflavone (3), prunetin (4), afrormosin (5), odoratin (6), genistein (7), texasin (8), pratensein (9), and 6,7,3'-trihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone (10). Among them, compounds 1-3 and 9-10 were isolated from the Caragana genus for the first time. All the compounds were obtained from this species for the first time. In the preliminary assays, compounds 1, 2, 6, and 7 possessed significant inhibitory effects on NO production, with IC50 values of 48.12, 25.32, 62.71, 43.59 μmol x L(-1), respectively.
Animals ; Caragana ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Isoflavones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Macrophages ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Mice ; Molecular Structure ; Nitric Oxide ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; RAW 264.7 Cells

OBJECTIVETo study in vitro dissolution rate of geniposide in Huangqin Qingfei dispersible tablet.

METHODA reversed-phase HPLC method was developed for determination of geniposide. In vitro dissolution rates were compared between Huangqin Qingfei dispersible tablet and conventional tablet in the dissolution medium of pH 1.0, 2.85, 4.5, 6.8, and 8.0 accordingly. Zero-class model, single-index model, logarithm normal school model, and Weibull distributing model were used to simulate the dissolution curve.

RESULTThe dissolution rate of two tablets is not affected by pH so much, and they can dissolve within 5 to 10 minutes. Weibull distributing model is the best simulation for in vitro dissolution. Comparing with conventional tablet, dispersible tablet dissolve quickly and completely.

CONCLUSIONThe in vitro dissolution rate of geniposide in Huangqin Qingfei dispersible tablet conforms to Weibull distributing model. The dispersible tablet is able to release rapidly.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Gardenia ; chemistry ; Iridoids ; analysis ; Kinetics ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Pyrans ; analysis ; Scutellaria ; chemistry ; Solubility ; Tablets ; chemistry ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVETo find the best condition of the preparation technology of Flos Magnoliae essential oil-beta-cyclodextrin inclusion complex.

METHODL9(3(4)) table was used to examine the effects of 4 factors, and the inclusion rate of each test was determined of orthogonal test.

RESULTThe best condition was:oil:beta-cyclodextrin:water = 1:8:60 (mL:g:mL), stirring for 1 hour at 80 degrees C.

CONCLUSIONThe complex prepared on the condition aforementioned is stable and stirring has a highest inclusion rate.

Cyclodextrins ; Drug Carriers ; Drug Stability ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; Flowers ; chemistry ; Magnolia ; chemistry ; Oils, Volatile ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; beta-Cyclodextrins

The process of burn wounds healing includes the removal of necrotic tissue, the hyperplasia of granulation tissue and epithelialization. The removal of necrotic tissue is the first step in dealing with burn wounds. Although there are a variety of adjuvant drugs for removing necrotic tissue, surgical debridement is still the main way of debridement of burn wounds. Surgical debridement of burn wounds includes escharectomy, tangential excision and dermabrasion. Escharectomy and tangential excision have been widely used in clinical practice, while dermabrasion has not been known to the majority of burns colleagues. This article summarizes the clinical application and progress of dermabrasion in burn wounds.

Objective: To investigate the application of high-frequency ultrasound in dermabrasion of patients with deep partial-thickness burns. Methods: Twenty-six patients with deep partial-thickness burns conforming to the study criteria were hospitalized in our unit from March 2015 to March 2016. Patients were all performed with dermabrasion. The structure of skin tissue and blood flow signals of uninjured side and wounds before dermabrasion, and those of wounds immediately post dermabrasion and on post dermabrasion day (PDD) 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, and 21 were detected with high-frequency ultrasound, and the percentage of blood flow signals was calculated. According to the results of comparison between percentage of blood flow signals of wounds and that of normal skin before dermabrasion, patients were divided into no significant decrease group (NSD, n=19) and significant decrease group (SD, n=7). Wound healing time of patients in two groups was recorded. Data were processed with analysis of variance of repeated measurement, LSD test, t test and Chi-square test. The correlation between the percentage of blood flow signals of wounds before dermabrasion and wound healing time of 26 patients were analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis. Results: (1) Epidermis of normal skin of patients in two groups before dermabrasion showed continuous smooth linear hyperecho, which was stronger than that of dermis, and boundary of dermis and subcutaneous tissue showed stronger discontinuous linear echo than that of dermis, which gradually transited to subcutaneous tissue. In group NSD, epidermis of wound of patients before dermabrasion showed intermittent rough linear echo, which was weaker than that of normal skin epidermis, and there was no obvious abnormity of boundary between dermis and subcutaneous tissue. Immediately post dermabrasion and on PDD 1, no linear hyperecho of epidermis was observed, showing complete attrition of epidermis, and the echo of dermis and subcutaneous tissue had no obvious change as compared with that before dermabrasion, with flat surface of dermis and partly abraded superficial-dermis but relatively well preserved dermal tissue in whole. The epidermis showed discontinuous linear hyperecho, and epidermis was discontinuously regenerated on PDD 3 and 5. Partial continuous linear hyperecho was detected in the epidermis, showing partial continuous regeneration of epidermis on PDD 7 and 10. The regenerated epidermis was thicker than normal skin epidermis and showed rough linear hyperecho with non-uniform thickness on PDD 14. The regenerated epidermis was thicker than normal skin epidermis and showed rather smooth linear hyperecho with uniform thickness on PDD 21. In group SD, the structure of epidermis and dermis of wound of patients before dermabrasion, immediately post dermabrasion, and on PDD 1 was similar to that in group NSD, but the echo of boundary of dermis and subcutaneous tissue was weakened in different degrees. There was no linear hyperecho of epidermis, showing no epidermis was regenerated on PDD 3 and 5. Intermittent regeneration of epidermis appeared on PDD 7 and 10 with intermittent linear hyperecho. Partial continuous linear hyperecho was detected in the epidermis, showing partial continuous regeneration of epidermis on PDD 14 and 21. (2) The percentages of blood flow signals of wounds of patients in group NSD before dermabrasion, immediately post dermabrasion, and on PDD 1 were (3.1±1.3)%, (6.5±2.0)%, and (5.3±1.9)% respectively, higher than those in group SD [(0.9±1.1)%, (3.5±1.3)%, and (3.6±0.9)% respectively, P<0.05 or P<0.01]. The percentages of blood flow signals of wounds of patients in two groups were similar at the other time points (with P values above 0.05). Compared with the percentage of normal skin in the same group [(3.2±0.7)%], the percentages of blood flow signals of wounds of patients in group NSD were significantly increased immediately post dermabrasion and on PDD 1 (with P values below 0.01) but had no significant change at the other time points (with P values above 0.05). The percentage of blood flow signals of wounds of patients before dermabrasion in group SD was significantly lower than that of normal skin in the same group [(2.8±0.6)%, P<0.01]. The percentage of blood flow signals of wounds of patients in group SD was close to that of normal skin in the same group at each time point post dermabrasion (with P values above 0.05). (3) The wound healing time of patients in group NSD was (16.2±2.5) d, lower than that in group SD [(30.9±2.9) d, t=12.67, P<0.01]. There was obvious negative correlation between the percentage of blood flow signals of wounds before dermabrasion and wound healing time of 26 patients (r=-0.77, P<0.01). Conclusions High-frequency ultrasound is a good way to observe the imaging features of wounds in patients with deep partial-thickness burns before and after dermabrasion, and it can provide objective imaging evidence for the performance of dermabrasion in patients with deep partial-thickness burns.

The clinical tumor therapy was greatly challenged due to the complex characteristics of tumor microenvironment, however, which also provide arena for novel therapeutic strategies. In this study, poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)-poly(lactic acid)-SS-poly(β-amino ester (PEOz-PLA-SS-PBAE) triblock copolymers with pH and GSH double response were synthesized, polymer micelles were prepared by thin film hydration method for loading of silybin to improve its antitumor activity. The critical micelle concentration was determined by pyrene fluorescence method as 1.8 μg·mL^-1. The particle size was 155.30 ± 1.80 nm as determined by dynamic light scattering, with polydispersity index of 0.168 ± 0.004. The drug loading and entrapment efficiency of the micelles were determined by HPLC as (5.48 ± 0.04)% and (68.52 ± 0.48)%, respectively. The in vitro drug release profiles showed that the micelles have low pH sensitivity and high GSH responsiveness, and exhibited sustained release profiles. The good biocompatibility of the material was proved by measuring the hemolysis rate and cytotoxicity of the blank micelle. The cytotoxicity and apoptosis rate of tumor cells showed that the drug loaded PEOz-PLA-SS-PBAE micelles had significant inhibitory effect and apoptosis-inducing effect on MDA-MB-231 cells. The results of wounding healing assay and Transwell invasion test showed that the drug loaded PEOz-PLA-SS-PBAE micelles could significantly inhibit the metastasis of MDA-MB-231 cells. The PEOz-PLA-SS-PBAE drug-loaded micelles prepared in this study have good inhibitory effect on tumor growth and anti-tumor metastasis in vitro, which lays the foundation for the further application of silybin.

Objectives:To investigate the survival and tumor recurrence after en bloc spondylectomy of spinal tumor and analyze the risk factors of postoperative tumor recurrence.Methods:This is a retrospective case series study. Data of 101 patients undergoing en bloc spondylectomy of spinal tumors in the Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People′s Hospital from December 2006 to June 2022 were analyzed. There were 58 males and 43 females, aged (38.2±15.8) years (range: 10 to 79 years) at the time of surgery; the follow-up time was(44.0±36.0) months (range: 12 to 171 months).Among them, there were 25 relapsed patients, with 7 females and 18 males; aged (34.8±16.3) years (range: 12 to 66 years) at the time of surgery. The types of tumors included 5 giant cell tumors of bone, 6 osteosarcomas, 1 chordoma, 5 chondrosarcomas, 1 undifferentiated sarcoma, 1 fibrosarcoma, 2 Ewing sarcomas, 3 metastases and 1 malignant giant cell tumor of bone. Survival analysis of overall and relapsed patients were performed using the Kaplan-Meier curves. A segmented regression model was used to fit the sequence of recurrence rate changes over time since admission and identify change points for further analysis on risk factors. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were performed to assess risk factors associated with recurrence rate; results from multivariate regression analysis were presented using a forest plot.Results:The tumor recurrence rate after en bloc spondylectomy was 24.8% (25/101).The overall median recurrence-free survival after en bloc spondylectomy was 161 months (95% CI: 92 months to NA).The median recurrence-free survival of recurrent patients was 13 months (95% CI: 12 to 27 months).Regarding the classification based on tumor malignancy, and relapse-free survival of metastatic tumors was significantly shorter ( P=0.007); and among the surgical margin groups, relapse-free survival of R0 group was significantly better than the R1 and R2 groups ( P<0.01). According to the segmented regression model, the tumor recurrence rate for en bloc spondylectomy showed a significant downward trend over time, with relatively higher recurrence rates before 2009 and a relatively stable trend after 2014. The results of univariate analysis showed that surgical margin and time of admission were the influencing factors of patient recurrence. The results of multivariate analysis showed that the R1 resection( OR=13.453,95% CI:2.897 to 97.941, P=0.002) and R2 resection( OR=11.379,95% CI:2.658 to 79.429, P=0.003) were independent influencing factor affecting patient recurrence. Conclusions:The overall tumor recurrence rate after en bloc spondylectomy was high. The surgical margin of tumor resection is an independent risk factor affecting tumor recurrence. Specifically, R2 and R1 resections significantly increase the risk of tumor recurrence.

Objectives:To investigate the survival and tumor recurrence after en bloc spondylectomy of spinal tumor and analyze the risk factors of postoperative tumor recurrence.Methods:This is a retrospective case series study. Data of 101 patients undergoing en bloc spondylectomy of spinal tumors in the Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People′s Hospital from December 2006 to June 2022 were analyzed. There were 58 males and 43 females, aged (38.2±15.8) years (range: 10 to 79 years) at the time of surgery; the follow-up time was(44.0±36.0) months (range: 12 to 171 months).Among them, there were 25 relapsed patients, with 7 females and 18 males; aged (34.8±16.3) years (range: 12 to 66 years) at the time of surgery. The types of tumors included 5 giant cell tumors of bone, 6 osteosarcomas, 1 chordoma, 5 chondrosarcomas, 1 undifferentiated sarcoma, 1 fibrosarcoma, 2 Ewing sarcomas, 3 metastases and 1 malignant giant cell tumor of bone. Survival analysis of overall and relapsed patients were performed using the Kaplan-Meier curves. A segmented regression model was used to fit the sequence of recurrence rate changes over time since admission and identify change points for further analysis on risk factors. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were performed to assess risk factors associated with recurrence rate; results from multivariate regression analysis were presented using a forest plot.Results:The tumor recurrence rate after en bloc spondylectomy was 24.8% (25/101).The overall median recurrence-free survival after en bloc spondylectomy was 161 months (95% CI: 92 months to NA).The median recurrence-free survival of recurrent patients was 13 months (95% CI: 12 to 27 months).Regarding the classification based on tumor malignancy, and relapse-free survival of metastatic tumors was significantly shorter ( P=0.007); and among the surgical margin groups, relapse-free survival of R0 group was significantly better than the R1 and R2 groups ( P<0.01). According to the segmented regression model, the tumor recurrence rate for en bloc spondylectomy showed a significant downward trend over time, with relatively higher recurrence rates before 2009 and a relatively stable trend after 2014. The results of univariate analysis showed that surgical margin and time of admission were the influencing factors of patient recurrence. The results of multivariate analysis showed that the R1 resection( OR=13.453,95% CI:2.897 to 97.941, P=0.002) and R2 resection( OR=11.379,95% CI:2.658 to 79.429, P=0.003) were independent influencing factor affecting patient recurrence. Conclusions:The overall tumor recurrence rate after en bloc spondylectomy was high. The surgical margin of tumor resection is an independent risk factor affecting tumor recurrence. Specifically, R2 and R1 resections significantly increase the risk of tumor recurrence.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate different methods by treating water-decocted liquid of 6 Chinese medical herbs and 4 co-prescription respectively with alcohol, ultrafilter, macroporousresin and clarifier.

METHODThe contents of target component in those extracts were determined with HPLC or titration, and quantitative and qualitative determination of the impurity components, such as polysaccharide and protein, was made.

RESULTEach method showed its advantages and disavantages.

CONCLUSIONDifferent method can be chosen according to the clinical and preparation demands or the characteristic of components.

Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Methods ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Polysaccharides ; analysis

Objective:To investigate the outcome of surgical treatment of malignant tumor at the distal tibial after reconstruction with modular hinged ankle prosthesis.Methods:The data of 9 patients with malignant tumor at the distal tibia at Musculoskeletal Tumor Center of PKUPH from June 2020 to November 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. They were male patients with age of 17 (14, 24) years (range 11-56 years). There were five tumors at the left sides and four at the right sides. There were eight patients with osteosarcoma who received the neo-chemotherapy. Among eight osteosarcomas, one was Enneking IIA and seven Enneking IIB. Furthermore, there was only one patient with renal carcinama and with solitary metastatic lesion at the distal tibia. After the resection of tumor at the distal tibia, talus cartilage was removed and talus component was fixed by lag screws. The proper tibia component was used to restore the defect of tibia and the reduction of tibia and talus components were performed. The following clinical data were collected: baseline demographic features, surgical and follow-up data. The baseline demographic features included gender, age, side, lung or/and other metastasis at initial diagnosis, Enneking stage or systematic progression for renal carcinama, histological type. The surgical data included: surgery time, blood loss, length of bone involved by the tumor, prosthesis type. Monitoring data was also recorded: complications (ankle pain when loading, talar collapse, component loosing, infection and wound dehiscence), local recurrence, pulmonary and systematic metastasis, radiological image and the function at the last follow-up (MSTS and VAS evaluation).Results:Among these nine patients, the average blood loss was 245.6±103.9 ml (range 100-400 ml) and the mean surgery time was 178.9±56.9 mins (range 120-300 min). No patient was lost during the follow-up period and the average follow-up was 21.4±5.6 months (range 12.5-27.2 months). The excision length of tibia was 14 (11, 17) cm (range 11-28 cm). There were one case with 2# prosthetic base, three cases with 3# and five cases with 4#. Five had cement fixation of prosthetic stem and four had the pressing fixation. No pulmonary and other organ metastasis occurred among eight patients with osteosarcoma and one patient with distal tibia matastasis of renal carcinama. One patient with OShad the local recurrence and received the resection. One sustained the deep infection after four months and received the removal of prosthesis and spacer implant. At the final follow-up, except one with deep infection and receiving the removal of prosthesis and spacer implant, eight patients were assessed for the function. The average MSTS was 97.1%±3.3% (range 93%-100%). The VAS of all patients was 0. One patient with prosthesis removal had no functional evaluation. At the final follow-up, all patients walked without crutch. No breakage and loosening of prosthetic stem, talar collapse, prosthetic sinking and ankle pain occurred at the final follow-up.Conclusion:The early satisfactory outcome can be obtained for patients with segmental defect after resection of malignant tumor at the distal tibia, who received the newly designed modular hinged ankle prosthesis. Meanwhile, it's worth promoting in the reconstruction of large segmental defect at the distal tibia.