Esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) is a slow growing malignant tumour of olfactory neuro-epithelium that is locally aggressive with a tendency to recur years later.Infrequently, it can be associated with paraneoplastic syndrome. Here, we a report a pediatric case of ENB in whom syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH) was detected during ongoing primary treatment which reflected disease progression after initial response to chemotherapy, that was substantiated radiologically. SIADH has been reported in only a few cases of ENB.

Esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) is a slow growing malignant tumour of olfactory neuro-epithelium that is locally aggressive with a tendency to recur years later.Infrequently, it can be associated with paraneoplastic syndrome. Here, we a report a pediatric case of ENB in whom syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH) was detected during ongoing primary treatment which reflected disease progression after initial response to chemotherapy, that was substantiated radiologically. SIADH has been reported in only a few cases of ENB.

Esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) is a slow growing malignant tumour of olfactory neuro-epithelium that is locally aggressive with a tendency to recur years later.Infrequently, it can be associated with paraneoplastic syndrome. Here, we a report a pediatric case of ENB in whom syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH) was detected during ongoing primary treatment which reflected disease progression after initial response to chemotherapy, that was substantiated radiologically. SIADH has been reported in only a few cases of ENB.

Esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) is a slow growing malignant tumour of olfactory neuro-epithelium that is locally aggressive with a tendency to recur years later.Infrequently, it can be associated with paraneoplastic syndrome. Here, we a report a pediatric case of ENB in whom syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH) was detected during ongoing primary treatment which reflected disease progression after initial response to chemotherapy, that was substantiated radiologically. SIADH has been reported in only a few cases of ENB.

INTRODUCTIONThis study aimed to compare the effects of the two most commonly prescribed atypical antipsychotics, olanzapine and risperidone, on fasting blood sugar and serum lipid profile of the recipients.

METHODSA randomised, comparative, open clinical study was conducted on 60 schizophrenic patients. The patients were divided into two groups, one receiving olanzapine and the other receiving risperidone. The patients were assessed for changes in fasting blood sugar and serum lipid profile (triglycerides [TG], high-density lipoprotein [HDL], low-density lipoprotein [LDL], very-low-density lipoprotein [VLDL] and total cholesterol) eight weeks after starting treatment. The number of patients positive for fasting blood sugar and lipid profile criteria of metabolic syndrome was calculated by applying the modified National Cholesterol Education Programme Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines (NCEP ATP III) criteria at eight weeks.

RESULTSPatients treated with olanzapine showed a highly significant increase in the observed parameters, whereas those treated with risperidone showed a significant increase in fasting blood sugar, HDL and LDL levels, and a highly significant increase in other parameters. Intergroup comparison was insignificant except for TG, VLDL and total cholesterol levels. More men as compared to women fulfilled the NCEP ATP III criteria for metabolic syndrome in both groups.

CONCLUSIONOlanzapine has a higher propensity to cause derangement of some parameters of lipid profile than risperidone. These parameters include TG, VLDL and total cholesterol levels.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antipsychotic Agents ; pharmacology ; Benzodiazepines ; pharmacology ; Blood Glucose ; drug effects ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Lipids ; blood ; Lipoproteins, HDL ; drug effects ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; blood ; Lipoproteins, VLDL ; drug effects ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome ; complications ; diagnosis ; Reproducibility of Results ; Risperidone ; pharmacology ; Schizophrenia ; blood ; drug therapy ; Triglycerides ; blood

OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to show the intraocular pressure (IOP) distribution and the factors affecting IOP in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in India. METHODS: We measured the anthropometric and biochemical parameters for confirmed type 2 DM patients. A comprehensive ocular examination was performed for 1377 subjects aged > 40 years and residing in Chennai. RESULTS: A significant difference in IOP (mean +/- standard deviation) was found between men and women (14.6+/-2.9 and 15.0+/-2.8 mmHg, p = 0.005). A significantly elevated IOP was observed among smokers, subjects with systemic hypertension and women with clinically significant macular edema (CSME). After a univariate analysis, factors associated significantly with higher IOP were elevated systolic blood pressure, elevated resting pulse rate and thicker central corneal thickness (CCT). In women, elevated glycosylated hemoglobin was associated with a higher IOP. After adjusting for all variables, the elevated resting pulse rate and CCT were found to be associated with a higher IOP. CONCLUSIONS: Systemic hypertension, smoking, pulse rate and CCT were associated with elevated intraocular pressure in type 2 DM. Women with type 2 DM, especially those with CSME, were more prone to have an elevated IOP.
Adult ; Aged ; Blood Pressure ; Cornea/physiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications/*physiopathology ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated/metabolism ; Humans ; Hypertension/complications ; India ; Intraocular Pressure/*physiology ; Macular Edema/complications ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Smoking

The present research aimed to improve the dissolution rate and bioavailability of curcumin using the potential of liquisolid technology. Twelve drug-loaded liquisolid systems (LS-1 to LS-12) were prepared using different vehicles (PEG 200, PEG 400 and Tween 80) and curcumin concentrations in vehicle (40%, 50%, 60% and 70%,/). The carrier [microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) PH102] to coat (Aerosil) ratio was 20 in all formulations. The systems were screened for pre-compression properties before being compressed to liquisolid tablets (LT-1 to LT-12). Post compression tests anddissolution of LTs were conducted and the results compared with those obtained for a directly compressed tablet (DCT) made of curcumin, MCC PH102 and Aerosil. LTs exhibited higher cumulative drug release (CDR) than the DCT and the optimum formulation, LT-9 (made using Tween 80), was studied by powder XRD, DSC, SEM and FTIR.permeation of curcumin from LT-9 through goat gastrointestinal mucosa was significantly (<0.05) enhanced and its oral bioavailability was increased 18.6-fold in New Zealand rabbits.cytotoxicity (IC) of LT-9 towards NCL 87 cancer cells was 40.2 µmol/L substantiating its anticancer efficacy. Accelerated stability studies revealed insignificant effects of temperature and humidity on LT-9. In summary, solubility enhancement of curcumin in LTs produced significant improvements in its permeation and bioavailability.

PURPOSE: To evaluate a customized, portable Farnsworth-Munsell 100 (FM 100) hue viewing booth for compliance with colour vision testing standards and to compare it with room illumination in subjects with normal colour vision (trichromats), subjects with acquired colour vision defects (secondary to diabetes mellitus), and subjects with congenital colour vision defects (dichromats). METHODS: Discrete wavelengths of the tube in the customized booth were measured using a spectrometer using the normal incident method and were compared with the spectral distribution of sunlight. Forty-eight subjects were recruited for the study and were divided into 3 groups: Group 1, Normal Trichromats (30 eyes); Group 2, Congenital Colour Vision Defects (16 eyes); and Group 3, Diabetes Mellitus (20 eyes). The FM 100 hue test performance was compared using two illumination conditions, booth illumination and room illumination. RESULTS: Total error scores of the classical method in Group 2 as mean+/-SD for room and booth illumination was 243.05+/-85.96 and 149.85+/-54.50 respectively (p=0.0001). Group 2 demonstrated lesser correlation (r=0.50, 0.55), lesser reliability (Cronbach's alpha, 0.625, 0.662) and greater variability (Bland & Altman value, 10.5) in total error scores for the classical method and the moment of inertia method between the two illumination conditions when compared to the other two groups. CONCLUSIONS: The customized booth demonstrated illumination meeting CIE standards. The total error scores were overestimated by the classical and moment of inertia methods in all groups for room illumination compared with booth illumination, however overestimation was more significant in the diabetes group.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Color Perception Tests/*instrumentation/*methods/standards ; Color Vision Defects/congenital/*diagnosis/etiology ; Diabetes Complications ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; *Lighting ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

The purpose of this study is to describe the correlation of findings between results from spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and microperimetry in a case series regarding patients with Goldmann-Favre syndrome. Goldmann-Favre syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive hereditary vitreo-retinal degeneration that impacts the functionality of vision in subjects. Three men with this condition were assessed and subjected to microperimetry and SD-OCT. Two of the men were brothers. This study finds that the retinoschisis and macular cystoid changes noted in the SD-OCT matched the scotomas revealed by the microperimetry. The findings of each of the individual cases are reported herein.
Adult ; Eye Diseases, Hereditary/*pathology ; Humans ; Macular Edema/*pathology ; Male ; Retinoschisis/*pathology ; Scotoma/pathology ; *Tomography, Optical Coherence ; *Visual Field Tests ; Young Adult

Acquired bilateral pulmonary artery stenosis in adults due to lung malignancy is infrequently reported. We describe an adult male who presented to us with chief complaints of dyspnea on exertion and one episode of hemoptysis. Two dimensional transthoracic echocardiography with color Doppler showed presence of an extra cardiac mass causing severe extrinsic compression of both the right and left pulmonary artery leading to high pressure severe tricuspid regurgitation and extension of the mass into the left atrium. Three dimensional transthoracic echocardiography clearly delineated the anatomy of the left atrial mass and its surrounding anatomical relationship. The diagnosis of non small cell lung carcinoma was confirmed by multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and with MDCT guided biopsy with histopathology. Patient succumbed one month later due to an episode of massive hemoptysis.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Diagnosis ; Dyspnea* ; Echocardiography ; Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional ; Heart Atria ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Lung* ; Male ; Multidetector Computed Tomography ; Pulmonary Artery* ; Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency