This study aims to investigate the link between glycated hemoglobin and diabetic complications with chronic periodontitis.A total of 207 patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic periodontitis (CP) were divided according to tertiles of mean PISA (periodontal inflamed surface area) scores as low,middle and high PISA groups.Simultaneously a group of 67 periodontally healthy individuals (PH) was recruited.Periodontal examinations,including full-mouth assessment of probing depths (PPD),bleeding on probing,clinical attachment level and plaque scores were determined.Blood analyses were carried out for glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c),fasting plasma glucose (FPG),2 h post parandial glucose (PPG).Individuals in PH group had significantly better glycemic control than CP group.Upon one-way analysis of variance,subjects with increased PISA had significantly higher HbA1c levels,retinopathy and nephropathy (P ＜ 0.05).After controlling for age,gender,body mass index (BMI),socioeconomic status (SES),family history of diabetes and periodontitis,duration of diabetes,the mean PISA in mm2,PPD 4-6 mm (％) and PPD ≥ 7 mm (％) emerged as significant predictors for elevated HbA1c in regression model (P ＜ 0.05).Logistic regression analysis revealed that PISA was associated with higher risk of having retinopathy and neuropathy (odds ratio).In our study,the association between glycemic control and diabetic complications with periodontitis was observed.

FoxO1, a member of the Forkhead transcription factor family subgroup O (FoxO), is expressed in a range of cell types and is crucial for various pathophysiological processes, such as apoptosis and inflammation. While FoxO1’s roles in multiple diseases have been recognized, the target has remained largely unexplored due to the absence of cost-effective and efficient inhibitors. Therefore, there is a need for natural FoxO1 inhibitors with minimal adverse effects. In this study, docking, MMGBSA, and ADMET analyses were performed to identify natural compounds that exhibit strong binding affinity to FoxO1. The top candidates were then subjected to molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. A natural product library was screened for interaction with FoxO1 (PDB ID-3CO6) using the Glide module of the Schrödinger suite. In Silico ADMET profiling was conducted using SwissADME and pkCSM web servers. Binding free energies of the selected compounds were assessed with the Prime-MMGBSA module, while the dynamics of the top hits were analyzed using the Desmond module of the Schrödinger suite. Several natural products demonstrated high docking scores with FoxO1, indicating their potential as FoxO1 inhibitors. Specifically, the docking scores of neochlorogenic acid and fraxin were both below -6.0. These compounds also exhibit favorable drug-like properties, and a 25 ns MD study revealed a stable interaction between fraxin and FoxO1. Our findings highlight the potential of various natural products, particularly fraxin, as effective FoxO1 inhibitors with strong binding affinity, dynamic stability, and suitable ADMET profiles.

A 25-year-old Indian male presented to Endocrine Outpatient Department of PGIMS Rohtak with chief complaints of inability to father a child in spite of 2 years of unprotected sexual intercourse. Patient had a normal male phenotype, however seminal fluid analysis was suggestive of azoospermia. Karyotyping chromosomal analysis showed 46, XX chromosomes. The frequency, etiology and diagnosis of this syndrome are reviewed here.

Human ; Male ; Adult ; Azoospermia ; Chromosomes ; Coitus ; Fathers ; Karyotyping ; Outpatients ; Phenotype ; Semen Analysis ; Male