1.Cutaneous Rosai-Dorfman disease.
Joon Joon Khoo ; Bin Othman Rahmat
The Malaysian journal of pathology 2007;29(1):49-52
Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare benign proliferative disorder of histiocytes in the lymph nodes with or without extranodal involvement. RDD limited to the skin without nodal involvement, known as cutaneous Rosai-Dorfman disease, is very rare. We describe a 34-year-old female with RDD of the skin over the chest. A large nodule with satellite lesions was excised for histopathological examination. Microscopically, there were many large histiocytes (Rosai-Dorfman cells) exhibiting emperipolesis, among many plasma cells, lymphocytes and neutrophils throughout the dermis and the subcutaneous tissue. The histiocytes were immunohistochemically positive for S-100 protein but negative for CD 1a. Physical examination showed no lymphadenopathy or any extra-cutaneous lesions. Serological tests indicated a past infection with Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus. The diagnosis of cutaneous RDD may be difficult in the absence of associated lymphadenopathy or any specific features of the skin lesion. Hence, not only is histopathological examination required for definitive diagnosis but a high index of suspicion by the clinicians and pathologists is essential to help diagnose this very rare disease.
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2.Antiproliferative Properties of Clausine-B against Cancer Cell Lines
Wan Nor I’zzah Wan Mohd Zain ; Asmah Rahmat ; Fauziah Othman ; Taufiq Yun Hin Yap
Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences 2009;16(3):31-36
Background: Clausine B, a carbazole alkaloid isolated from the stem bark of Clausena excavata,
was investigated for its antiproliferative activities against five human cancer cell lines: HepG2 (hepatic
cancer), MCF-7 (hormone-dependent breast cancer), MDA-MB-231 (non-hormone-dependent breast
cancer), HeLa (cervical cancer), and CAOV3 (ovarian cancer).
Methods: Chang liver (normal cells) was used as a control. The effect of clausine-B was measured
using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay.
Results: Clausine-B was found to be active (IC50<30 μg/mL) against four of the cancer cell lines
tested. The IC50 values for these four lines were: 21.50 μg/mL (MDA-MB-231), 22.90 g/ml (HeLa),
27.00 μg/mL (CAOV3) and 28.94 μg/mL (HepG2). Clausine-B inhibited the MCF-7 cancer cell line at
52.90 μg/mL, and no IC50 value was obtained against Chang liver.
Conclusion: It is possible that the phenolic group in clausine-B responsible for the antiproliferative
activities found in this study.
3.Nutritional Compositions and Antiproliferative Activities of Different Solvent Fractions from Ethanol Extract of Cyphomandra betacea (Tamarillo) Fruit
Maisarah Abdul Mutalib , Asmah Rahmat , Faisal Ali , Fauziah Othman , Rajesh Ramasamy
Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences 2017;24(5):19-32
Background: This study aims to examine various solvent extracts of Cyphomandra betacea (tamarillo) also known as the tree tomato, for their bioactive constituents and antioxidant activity. The study also aims to examine its effect on cancer cell death using two types of cancer cell lines (liver and breast cancer cell). Methods: The first part of the study evaluates the nutritional composition of tamarillo. Then, phytochemical profiling using GC-MS analysis in ethanolic tamarillo extract was conducted. Different fractions of n-butanol, ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions were obtained from the ethanolic extract of tamarillo. Then, the fractions were subjected to the quantification of total phenol (TPC) and flavonoid contents (TFC), free radical scavenging activity (SA) and also antioxidant activity (AOX) assayed by beta-carotene bleaching (BCB) assay. Finally, the capability of the ethanolic extract of tamarillo and different fractions were evaluated for their anticancer properties. Results: Findings from this study revealed that the nutritional composition (ash, protein, carbohydrate and total dietary fiber), and mineral levels (calcium, magnesium, potassium and iron) of tamarillo were moderate. The crude ethanol extract of tamarillo contained the highest phenolic and total flavonoid content. FT-IR analysis revealed the presence of alkanes, carboxylic acid, phenol, alkanes, carboxylic acids, aromatics and nitro compounds. Twelve bioactive constituents in tamarillo have been identified through GC-MS analysis. Cytotoxic activity suggests the potential of ethanolic extracts of tamarillo having a chemopreventive effect on breast and liver cancer cells. Conclusion: This study reveals that tamarillo has substantial antioxidant activity as well as anticancer properties.
4.Scanning electron microscopy of cornea re-epithelization after transplanted with bilayered corneal construct.
Masrudin SS ; Ghafar NA ; Saidi M ; Aminuddin BS ; Rahmat A ; Ruszymah BH ; Othman F
The Medical Journal of Malaysia 2008;63 Suppl A():109-110
The present work was to determine the development and re-epithelization of bilayered corneal construct (BCC) in vitro and in vivo using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The in vitro BCC was transplanted to the rabbit's eye and after 90 days the BCC was harvested and analyzed. The corneas were processed for morphology studies. The result indicates that the BICC that was transplanted for 90 days showed good development and re-epithelization of epithelial layer similar to the normal cornea.
5.Major tracheobronchial injuries: Management of two rare cases
Tan Jih HUEI ; Henry Tan Chor Lip ; Rahmat OTHMAN
The Medical Journal of Malaysia 2018;73(3):177-179
suspicion is needed for immediate diagnosis and prompttreatment. In this case series, two rare cases oftracheobronchial injuries is described showing variableclinical presentations with different levels of injury. Our firstcase was seen in a 20 years old male whom had a directimpact on the neck and presented with upper tracheal injury.On arrival, this patient was in respiratory distress and hadbilateral pneumothorax. Bilateral chest tube was insertedwith subsequent neck exploration. During the neckexploration, anastomosis of the injured trachea wasperformed. The second case was represented by a 35 yearsold man with right main bronchial injury. Upon initialpresentation, this patient appeared well and wascomfortable under room air. However he graduallydeteriorated one week after the trauma requiring surgicalintervention. Eventually a thoracotomy with primaryanastomosis of the bronchial tear was performed. Details ofboth cases including clinical presentation, imaging andprocedures done will be discussed in this article.
6.Cytotoxicity and scanning electron microscopy study of gentamycin-coated HA effect on biofilm.
Au LF ; Othman F ; Mustaffa R ; Vidyadaran S ; Rahmat A ; Besar I ; Akim AM ; Khan MA ; Saidi M ; Shamsudin MN ; Froemming GA ; Ishak AK
The Medical Journal of Malaysia 2008;63 Suppl A():16-17
Biofilms are adherent, multi-layered colonies of bacteria that are typically more resistant to the host immune response and routine antibiotic therapy. HA biomaterial comprises of a single-phased hydroxyapatite scaffold with interconnected pore structure. The device is designed as osteoconductive space filler to be gently packed into bony voids or gaps following tooth extraction or any surgical procedure. Gentamycin-coated biomaterial (locally made hydroxyapatite) was evaluated to reduce or eradicate the biofilm on the implant materials. The results indicated that the HA coated with gentamycin was biocompatible to human osteoblast cell line and the biofilm has been reduced after being treated with different concentrations of gentamycin-coated hydroxyapatite (HA).
7.Development of hearing impairment inventory for religious duties of Muslim adult
Sarah Rahmat ; Shahirah A Rahman ; Nur Hanisah Tukiran ; Ramli Musa ; Nur Ain Othman ; Ahmad Aidil Arafat Dzulkarnain
The Medical Journal of Malaysia 2021;76(2):205-211
Objective: This study is a preliminary work to develop a
Malay version questionnaire named ‘Inventori Persepsi bagi
Muslim yang Memiliki Masalah Pendengaran (IPM3P)’ to
assess the perception on Islamic understanding and
practice among Muslim adults with hearing impairment.
Methods: The scale development involved three phases: i)
generation of domains based on the literature, ii) generation
of sub-domains based on literature review and Islamic panel
survey, and iii) generation of items.
Results: Preliminary version of IPM3P consists of 59 items
was produced, representing three domains: Obligation (18
items), Practice (21 items), and Difficulty (20 items), and
seven sub-domains (‘Ibadah’, ‘Aqidah’, ‘Muamalat’,
‘Tasawwuf’, ‘Akhlak’,‘Da’wah’, and ‘Sirah’).
Conclusion: The preliminary version of IPM3P needs to be
psychometrically tested. This pioneering study may become
an impetus towards more research pertaining to
understanding the effect of hearing loss towards religious
life in the future in Malaysia.