No abstract available.
Pseudomyxoma Peritonei*

No abstract available.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Cervix Uteri* ; Fallopian Tubes* ; Female

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the characteristics of hallux valgus with severe hallux valgus angle (HVA) and moderate intermetatarsal angle (IMA) after proximal chevron osteotomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 2008 and December 2010, 41 patients (48 feet) were treated with proximal chevron osteotomy and distal soft tissue procedure for symptomatic severe hallux valgus deformity (HVA > or =40degrees). Patients were divided into two groups, group M (IMA <18degrees) and group S (IMA > or =18degrees). Mean age of patients was 55.7 years (34~70 years) in group M and 60.0 years (44~78 years) in group S. Mean duration of follow-up was 20.4 months (12~41 months) in group M and 18.5 months (12~35 months) in group S. Radiographic parameters, including HVA, IMA, sesamoid position, metatarsus adductus angle (MAA), and distal metatarsal articular angle (DMAA), were compared between groups. Clinical results were assessed using American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score and visual analogue scale (VAS). Recurrence rate at the last follow-up was compared between group M and group S. RESULTS: Preoperative HVA and grade of sesamoid position did not differ between the groups. However, immediate postoperative HVA and grade of sesamoid position were significantly larger in group M. Preoperative MAA and DMAA were significantly larger in group M. No significant difference in AOFAS score and VAS was observed between the groups at the last follow-up. Ten of the 27 feet (37.0%) in group M and two of the 21 feet (9.5%) in group S showed hallux valgus recurrence at the last follow-up. Group M showed a significantly higher recurrence rate than group S. CONCLUSION: Recurrence rate for severe hallux valgus with moderate IMA is higher than that of severe hallux valgus with severe IMA.
Ankle ; Congenital Abnormalities* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot ; Hallux Valgus* ; Humans ; Metatarsal Bones ; Metatarsus ; Osteotomy ; Recurrence

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study. OBJECTIVES: This study was performed by probing vertebral artery injuries and their radiologic characteristics in cervical spine fractures, and analyzing MRI findings of vascular injuries. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: Vertebral artery injuries are found relatively often in cervical spine fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated 57 cases of cervical spine fractures that occurred beginning in June 2011 and ending in February 2003. The characteristics of each fracture were evaluated using conventional radiographs, CT, and MRI. The presence of a vertebral artery injury was based on the absence of signal void in multilevel transverse foramens. RESULTS: Twelve out of the 57 cases (21.1%) were found to have unilateral vertebral artery injuries. Clinically, impairment in cerebral circulation was not found. We found no statistical correlation between the signal change in the spinal cord and in the vertebral artery injury (P=0.424). We noted fractures of transverse processes in 7 cases, 6 of which showed vertebral artery injuries. Thus, the transverse process facture was associated with t vertebral artery injury (P=0.000). There seemed to be no relationship between the vertebral artery injury and each of following: fracture level (P=0.416), fracture type (P=0.723) and severity of soft tissue injury (P=0.195). CONCLUSIONS: Unilateral vertebral artery injuries were frequently found in the cervical spine fractures. And of all radiographic factors associated with vertebral artery injury, only the presence of transverse process fracture was statistically significant. Absence of signal void at multi-section MR images is considered to be a useful guide to commence additional vascular evaluation.
Retrospective Studies ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; Spinal Cord ; Spine ; Vascular System Injuries ; Vertebral Artery

No abstract available.
Adenoids* ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic*

No abstract available.
Adenoids* ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic*

No abstract available.
Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome* ; Pregnancy*

Functioning adrenal cortical tumors are originated form a distinct zone(zonna glomerulosa, zonna fasciculata or zonna reticularis) or the transitonal zone of adrenal gland. Each zone of the gland is regulated by their specific hormons or cytokines, and their signal transduction systems are different. The oncogenes of many endocrine tumors were mutated proteins involved in signal transduction, however gip is the only reported oncogene in adrenal cortical tumors. Therefore we decided to reevaluate whether gsp might be detected as an oncogene in several different functioning adrenal tumors, and we also tested whether CREB protein is a tentative oncogene or not. In our study, gsp was not detected in 13 patients, however gip was not also detected unexpectedly. There were no mutations in the phosporylation site of CREB("P" box) in adrenal cushing syndrome. We concluded that gip was not a oncogene detected frequently in adrenal cortical tumor, and CREB protein was not considered as a tentative oncogen, because there might be no amplification of the signals due to its extreme distal component of PKA or PKC system.
Adrenal Glands ; Cushing Syndrome ; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein ; Cytokines ; Humans ; Oncogenes ; Signal Transduction

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the findings on high-resolution CT (HRCT) of the chest with those on video-assisted thoracoscopy for the detection of bullae in patients who had undergone an operation for spontaneous pneumothorax, and we also wished to evaluate the relationship between the characteristics of bullae on HRCT and development of spontaneous pneumothorax. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty patients with spontaneous pneumothorax who had undergone both HRCT of the chest and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery were included in the study. Spontaneous pneumothoraces were classified as either primary or secondary pneumothorax, and as initial or recurrent pneumothorax. The HRCT scans were obtained with 1 mm slice thickness and a 5 mm scan interval. Two radiologists retrospectively compared the HRCT findings of the chest with those findings on video-assisted thoracoscopy for the detection of bullae, and they evaluated the value of HRCT for diagnosing bullae. In addition, we assessed the size and number of bullae in these patients, and we also evaluated the relationship between those findings of bullae and the development of spontaneous pneumothorax. RESULTS: Bullae were detected in 40 patients by using video-assisted thoracoscopy, and HRCT showed bullae in 38 of these patients. Bullae were not identified with video-assisted thoracoscopy in the remaining ten patients, and among these ten patients, bullae were not demonstrated by HRCT in eight of them. Therefore, the sensitivity and specificity of HRCT for the detection of bullae were 95% (38/40) and 80% (8/10), respectively. The average size of the bullae of the affected hemithorax and the contralateral un-affected hemithorax was 1.97 cm+/-2.30 and 1.24 cm+/-1.46, respectively. Pneumothorax was more frequently observed in the hemithorax with larger bullae (p<0.05). The average numerical grade of the bullae (3.38+/-1.60) was higher in the affected hemithorax than in the contralateral un-affected hemithorax (2.96+/-1.86), but there was no statistically significant difference between both groups of hemithoraces (p>0.05). The average size of bullae in patients with secondary pneumothorax and those bullae of patients with primary pneumothorax was 4.44 cm+/-4.06 and 1.42 cm+/-1.26, respectively. The bullae were significantly larger in the patients with secondary pneumothorax than in those patients with primary pneumothorax (p<0.05). Although the average numerical grade of bullae was higher in the patients with secondary pneumothorax (4.00+/-1.58) than in those patients with primary pneumothorax (3.24+/-1.61), the difference between two groups was not statistically significant (p>0.05). CONCLUSION:HRCT of the chest would be a useful modality for detecting the bullae of those patients with spontaneous pneumothorax. The development of spontaneous pneumothorax is associated with the size of bullae rather than the number of bullae.
Humans ; Pneumothorax* ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted ; Thoracoscopy* ; Thorax

OBJECTIVE: Tremor is a common movement disorder that interferes with daily living. Since the medication for tremor has some limitations, surgical intervention is needed in many patients. In certain patients who cannot undergo aggressive surgical intervention, Gamma Knife thalamotomy (GKT) is a safe and effective alternative. METHODS: From June 2012 to August 2013, 7 patients with an intractable tremor underwent GKT. Four of these 7 patients had medical comorbidities, and 3 patients refused to undergo traditional surgery. Each patient was evaluated with the modified Fahn-Tolosa-Marin tremor rating scale (TRS) along with analysis of handwriting samples. All of the patients underwent GKT with a maximal dose of 130 Gy to the left ventralis intermedius (VIM) nucleus of the thalamus. Follow-up brain MRI was performed after 3 to 8 months of GKT, and evaluation with the TRS was also performed. RESULTS: Six patients showed objective improvement in the TRS score. Excluding one patient who demonstrated tremor progression, there was 28.9% improvement in the TRS score. However, five patients showed subjective improvement in their symptoms. On comparing the TRS scores between follow-up periods of more and less than 4 months, the follow-up TRS score at more than 4 months of GKT was significantly improved compared to that at less than 4 months of GKT. Follow-up MRI showed radiosurgical changes in 5 patients. CONCLUSION: GKT with a maximal dose of 130 Gy to the VIM is a safe procedure that can replace other surgical procedures.
Brain ; Comorbidity ; Follow-Up Studies ; Handwriting ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Movement Disorders ; Thalamus ; Tremor*