The authors experienced a case of basosquamous cell carcinoma occuring in the eyelid, which was confirmed by the biopsy. Histological findings showed the infiltrating nests of malignant squamous cell with nests of basal cell infiltrating into the dermis. A huge ulcerating, infected lesion with irregular indurating border involved the entire lid and extended onto the orbital margin and nose with the nasolacrimal duct exposed. Because of the unusual case, it was felt that literatures review would be instructive.
Biopsy ; Dermis ; Eyelids* ; Nasolacrimal Duct ; Nose ; Orbit ; Ulcer

No abstract available.
Bronchopulmonary Sequestration* ; Esophageal Fistula* ; Hernia, Diaphragmatic* ; Pyloric Stenosis*

No abstract available.
Stents

BACKGROUND: Arginine vasopressin has been used by prophylactic treatment of vasodilatory shock during coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Vasopressin may be a cause of spasm in graft artery during CABG. We evaluated the effect of propofol on vasopressin-induced contraction in human gastroepiploic artery (GEA). METHODS: Human GEA were obtained from 35 patients (43-74 yr), undergoing subtotal gastrectomy. Vasopressin-induced a concentration contractions (10(-9) to 10(-6) M) were measured after exposed to without propofol, propofol 10(-5), 10(-4), 10(-3) M. After endothelium denuding vasopressin-induced a concentration contractions were measured with or without propofol 10(-3) M in calcium free solution. In the denuded vascular rings, with or without pretreatment of glibenclamide (10(-5) M), nicorandil (10(-5) M), or diltiazem (10(-5) M) were exposed to with or without propofol 10(-3) M, and vasopressin-induced concentration contractions were measured. RESULTS: Vasopressin-induced concentration contraction on human GEA was independent of functional endothelium. Propofol (10(-4), 10(-3) M) attenuated the vasopressin-induced contraction in the human GEA. Diltiazem attenuated the vasopressin-induced contraction in the human GEA. ATP-sensitive potassium channel does not affect the inhibition effect of propofol on vasopressin-induced contraction CONCLUSIONS: Usual anesthetic dose of propofol does not inhibit vasopressin-induced contraction on human GEA. High dose (>10(-4) M) propofol attenuated vasopresssi-induced contraction on GEA.
Arginine ; Arginine Vasopressin ; Arteries ; Calcium ; Contracts ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; Diltiazem ; Endothelium ; Gastrectomy ; Gastroepiploic Artery ; Glyburide ; Humans ; Nicorandil ; Potassium Channels ; Propofol ; Shock ; Spasm ; Transplants ; Vasopressins

BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem cells can be expanded rapidly in vitro and differentiated into multiple mesodermal cell types. This study was planned to isolate human adipose tissue stromal cells (hATSCs) from human liposuction tissues and to investigate the changes of tactile threshold after hATSC transplantation in animal neuropathic pain models. METHODS: hATSCs were grown under control conditions in alpha-MEM/10% FBS. To prepare neuropathic pain model rats, thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats that had the average body weight of 208 +/- 5 g, had an experimental nerve injury by cutting or clamping of sural and tibial nerves. The tactile threshold was measured by von Frey hair filament at preinjury and postoperative day (POD) 1, 2, 3, 7, 14. Transplantation of hATSCs was performed after measurement of tactile threshold at POD3. RESULTS: hATSCs grew as a monolayer of large, flat, and spindle-shaped cells. The tactile threshold after spared nerve injury was significantly decreased since one day after cutting or clamping of nerves (P < 0.01). The percent changes of a tactile threshold in clamping and hATSC group were decreased to 59.8 +/- 7.1% (POD7) and 52.6 +/- 5.1% (POD14) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This results was suggested that hATSCs could be isolated from human adipose tissue easily. Althogh it needs more long-term investigation hATSCs might be used as a method of therapy for neuropathic pain.
Adipose Tissue ; Animals ; Body Weight ; Constriction ; Hair ; Humans ; Lipectomy ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; Mesoderm ; Neuralgia* ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stem Cells ; Stromal Cells ; Tibial Nerve

A case of nutcracker syndrome which was initially diagnosed by magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is reported. On preoperative MRA in an 18-year-old male patient with gross hematuria, left renal vein was obliterated at the level of superior mesenteric artery and there was no connection with inferior vena cava. The follow-up MRA after surgical correction with external prosthesis demonstrated entire course of left renal vein without evidence of obstruction which might suggest a possible usage of MRA for a non-invasive diagnosis of nutcracker syndrome.
Adolescent ; Angiography* ; Diagnosis* ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Angiography ; Male ; Mesenteric Artery, Superior ; Prostheses and Implants ; Renal Veins ; Vena Cava, Inferior

A case of nutcracker syndrome which was initially diagnosed by magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is reported. On preoperative MRA in an 18-year-old male patient with gross hematuria, left renal vein was obliterated at the level of superior mesenteric artery and there was no connection with inferior vena cava. The follow-up MRA after surgical correction with external prosthesis demonstrated entire course of left renal vein without evidence of obstruction which might suggest a possible usage of MRA for a non-invasive diagnosis of nutcracker syndrome.
Adolescent ; Angiography* ; Diagnosis* ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Angiography ; Male ; Mesenteric Artery, Superior ; Prostheses and Implants ; Renal Veins ; Vena Cava, Inferior

PURPOSE: By identifying micro-organism in postoperative patients, we evaluated problems associated with the use of cephalosporin for the prevention of infection, and antibiotic choice in cases, in which causative micro-organisms cannot be islolated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighteen patients, from January 1998 to May 2002, who received arthroplasty, were studied. All cases were administered preoperative first generation cephalosporin one hour before operation. All patients with infection had micro-organisms identified received an antibiotic sensitivity test. RESULTS: Gram positive cocci were identified in fifteen cases (83%) (staphylococcus was the most common (72%)), and there were eight cases (80%) in acute infections and seven (88%) in chronic. 78-83% were sensitive to vancomycin, teicoplanin and ciprofloxacin, but only 17% were sensitive to cephalothin. CONCLUSION: Staphylococcus was found to be the most common organism in postoperative infection, and ciprofloxacin was more effective than cephalosporin. Ciprofloxacin is considered to be an effective antibiotic in patients with unidentified causative organisms.
Arthroplasty ; Bacteria* ; Cephalothin ; Ciprofloxacin ; Gram-Positive Cocci ; Humans ; Staphylococcus ; Teicoplanin ; Vancomycin

PURPOSE: Local anesthetics can decrease postoperative pain after appendectomy. This study sought to verify the efficacy of bupivacaine on postoperative pain and analgesics use after single-incision laparoscopic appendectomy (SILA). METHODS: Between March 2014 and October 2015, 68 patients with appendicitis agreed to participate in this study. After general anesthesia, patients were randomized to bupivacaine or control (normal saline) groups. The assigned drugs were infiltrated into subcutaneous tissue and deep into anterior rectus fascia. Postoperative analgesics use and pain scores were recorded using visual analogue scale (VAS) by investigators at 1, 8, and 24 hours and on day 7. All surgeons, investigators and patients were blinded to group allocation. RESULTS: Thirty patients were allocated into the control group and 37 patients into bupivacaine group (one patient withdrew consent before starting anesthesia). Seven from the control group and 4 from the bupivacaine group were excluded. Thus, 23 patients in the control group and 33 in the bupivacaine group completed the study. Preoperative demographics and operative findings were similar. Postoperative pain and analgesics use were not different between the 2 groups. Subgroup analysis determined that VAS pain score at 24 hours was significantly lower in the bupivacaine group (2.1) than in the control group (3.8, P = 0.007) when surgery exceeded 40 minutes. During immediate postoperative period, bupivacaine group needed less opioids (9.1 mg) than control (10.4 mg). CONCLUSION Bupivacaine did not decrease pain and analgesics use. When surgery exceeded 40 minutes, bupivacaine use might be associated with less pain and less analgesics use.

Digital therapeutics (DTx) are emerging as a transformative innovation in healthcare offering evidence-based digital interventions for the treatment, management, and prevention of various diseases and disorders. In Korea, DTx have gained significant attention as potential solutions to the increasing burden of chronic diseases and mental health conditions. However, the Korean DTx market faces several challenges that hinder its widespread adoption and integration into the national healthcare system. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the current state of the DTx market in Korea, identifies the key challenges impeding its growth, and proposes strategies for overcoming these obstacles. This study utilized a literature review and market analysis approach to examine the latest research, industry reports, and regulatory documents related to DTx. The analysis focused on three primary areas: (1) the current regulatory landscape, (2) technological advancements and challenges, and (3) economic and commercial factors influencing DTx adoption in Korea. A comparative analysis of global regulatory practices was also conducted to identify best practices. The findings revealed that while Korea has made significant strides in supporting DTx development, the market remains in its early stages. The key challenges include underdeveloped regulatory frameworks, issues with data quality and security, and a lack of established reimbursement pathways. We recommend developing tailored regulatory frameworks for DTx, enhancing policy support for small and medium-sized enterprises involved in DTx development, and increasing investments in technological infrastructure. By addressing these challenges, Korea could position itself as a leader in the global DTx market, delivering innovative and effective treatments to enhance patient care and outcomes.