It is evident that an elevation of airway albumin excreation rate without clinical proteinuria strongly predicts a later progression on diabetic renal disease. So we studied the correlation between Microalbumin checkly RIA & Micral-Test®. We collected urine between 08:00 h and 08:00 h next day and then checked microalbuminuria by radioimmunoassay method and Micral-Test® The results are as follows: 1. There was significant correlation between microalbuminuria checked by RIA & Micral-Test® 2. There was poor correlation between diabetes duration or HV-A1c and maximal change in albumin excreation rate. 3. So we concluded that Micral-Test® can be used in laboratory instead of RIA.
Methods ; Proteinuria ; Radioimmunoassay

The relationship between the Ledig cell of testis and the tropic hormones of the anterior pituitary gland has been ineddquately expiored in man because of methodological difficulties levels in human serum. As testosterone in one of the most important anabolie hormones, it would therefore serve as an index to hormanal response to stress in man. This study was performed to inveatigate the effect of thalamonal-N2O-O2 anesthesia and surgery on human sex hormone by radioimmunoassay method. Measured serum testosterone lexels in the preanesthetic period, 60 minutes after anesthesia and surgery, and at full rectxary from anesthesia were 5.64ng/ml 4.40ng/ml and 5.02ng/ml, respectively.
Anesthesia* ; Humans ; Methods ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior ; Radioimmunoassay ; Testis ; Testosterone*

The relationship between the Leydig cell of testis and the tropic hormones of the anterior pituitary gland has been inadequately explored in man because of methodological difficulties. Ether anesthesia has been shown to increase testicular blood level of testosterone in man. Some report has appeared on the effect of anesthesia person sex hormone levels in human serum. As testosterone is one of the most important anabolic hormones, it would therefore serve as an index to hormonal response to stress in man. Testosterone levels were measured by Oyama et al by competitive protein binding method. This study was done to investigate the effect of halothane anesthesia and surgery on human sex hormone by radioimmunoassay method. Serum testosterone levels measured at preanesthetic period, 60 minutes after anesthesia and surgery, and full recovery from anesthesia were 4. 18+/-l. 64 ng/ml, 4. 19+/-1.40 ng/ml and 3. 74+/-1. 65 ng/ml, respectively. No statistical significance was noticed each other. The obtained value of testosterone was the lowest compared with the values reported by other authors.
Anesthesia* ; Ether ; Halothane* ; Humans ; Methods ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior ; Protein Binding ; Radioimmunoassay ; Testis ; Testosterone*

BACKGROUND: Thyroglobulin (Tg) is the primary biochemical marker used to monitor patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) for residual or recurrent disease after total thyroidectomy, as only normal or well-differentiated malignant thyroid cells produce Tg. Here, we evaluated the precision and functional sensitivity (FS) of a recently developed highly sensitive Tg (hsTg) electrochemiluminescent immunoassay (ECLIA) and compared it to that of the radioimmunoassay (RIA) method using pooled human serum with low levels of Tg. METHODS: For the ECLIA method, the Elecsys Tg II kit (Roche Diagnostics, Germany) was used with an E170 analyzer (Roche Diagnostics). For the RIA method, the Tg-plus-RIA kit (BRAHAMS, Germany) was used with a Cobra Quantum gamma counter (Packard Instrument Company, USA). The precision and limit of detection (LOD) were determined according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. FS was determined using a modification of the CLSI guideline. RESULTS: The total precision of the hsTg ECLIA and RIA methods was 9.6% and 48.2%, respectively. The manufacturer-reported LOD was verified by the hsTg ECLIA (0.04 ng/mL), but not by the RIA method (>0.08 ng/mL). The hsTg ECLIA showed better FS (0.04 ng/mL at a coefficient of variation [CV] of 10%) than the RIA method (0.37 ng/mL at a CV of 20%). CONCLUSIONS: Thus, the hsTg ECLIA performed better than the RIA method in terms of FS, which is extremely important for the early detection of residual or recurrent disease in DTC patients after total thyroidectomy. The excellent performance of the hsTg ECLIA could allow for clinical Tg measurement without thyroid-stimulating hormone stimulation, in contrast to the insufficient performance of the RIA method.
Biomarkers ; Elapidae ; Humans ; Immunoassay* ; Limit of Detection ; Methods ; Radioimmunoassay* ; Thyroglobulin* ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; Thyroidectomy ; Thyrotropin

BACKGROUND: Although the precise pathogenesis of the Behçet's disease is not yet undertween the severity of Behçet's disease and the serum cytokine level. development of cytokine research has made it possible to find out if there is an association between the severity of Behçet's syndrome and the serum cytokine level. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to elucidate whether the immunopathological mechanism is associated with the serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-1β (I1,1β) which are predominantly produced by monocytes/macrophages, and mterleukm-6 (IL-6). METHOD: Sixty seven patients of Behçet's disease and ten healthy adults as a control group were studied. Serum TNF and IL-6 levels were detected by enzyme immunoassay and serum IL-lβ levels by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in the serum levels of TNF, IL-1β, TL-6 compared with the control group. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that the immunopathological reactions of the Behçet's disease are not associated with a monocyte/macrophage dependent mechanism, possibly due to other immunocompetent cells.
Adult ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Interleukin-6* ; Methods ; Necrosis* ; Radioimmunoassay ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

The relationship between the Leydig cell of testis and the tropic hormones of the anterior pituitary gland has been inadequately explored in man because of methodological difficulties. A report has appeared on the effect of anesthesia per se on sex hormone levels in human serum. As testosterone is one of the most important anabolic hormones, it would therefore serve as an index to hormonal response to stress in man. Tcsticular blood level of testcsterone in man was increased by ether anesthesia but plasma testcsterone one in man was decreased by halothane anesthesia. Plasma testostercne levels were measured by others. by a competitive protein binding method. This study was performed to investigate the effect of methoxyflurane anesthesia and surgery on human sex hormone by a radioimmunoassay method. Serum testosterone levels measured in the pre-anesthetic period, (60 minutes after anesthesia and surgery, and at full recovery from. anesthesia were 3.80+/-1. 75 ng/ml, 0. 58+/-1. 22 ng/ml and 3. 55+/-1. 85 ng/ml, respectively. No statistical significance was observed. The obtained value of testostercne was the lowest when compared with the values reported by others.
Anesthesia* ; Ether ; Halothane ; Humans ; Methods ; Methoxyflurane* ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior ; Plasma ; Protein Binding ; Radioimmunoassay ; Testis ; Testosterone*

High selectivity provided by biomolecules such as antibodies and enzymes has been exploited during the last two decades for development of biosensors. Of particular importance are efficient immobilization methods for biomolecules in order to preserve their biological activities. In this study, we have evaluated immobilization strategies for an anti-DNA antibody on a self-assembled monolayer of omega-functionalized thiols. The antibody was immobilized via peptide bond formation between the primary amines in the antibody and the carboxyl groups on the self-assembled monolayer. The peptide bond coupling was achieved by activating COOH groups on the surface through N-Hydroxysuccimide (NHS)-ester formation, followed by acylation of NH2 group in the antibody. DNA binding activity of the immobilized antibody was examined by counting beta emission from 35S-labeled DNA.
Antibodies, Antinuclear* ; DNA/immunology ; DNA/analysis* ; DNA-Binding Proteins/chemistry ; Gold ; Membranes, Artificial ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polyvinyls/chemistry ; Radioimmunoassay/methods* ; Thioctic Acid/chemistry

Insulin is readily concentrated from 10 to 50 ml of urine with better than 75% recovery using octadecylsilyl (ODS) silica columns (C18Sep-Pak cartridge) and can then be measured by radioimmunoassay. Fractionation on Sephadex G50 gel filtration reveals that the apparent immunoreactivity corresponds for the most part to 6000 dalton insulin. Renal clearance of insulin in 5 normal subjects does not appear to differ in the fasted or fed state and ranged from 0.34 to 0.58 ml/min with an average of 0.44 +/- 0.10 (S.D.) ml/min. Increased urinary insulin output was observed following feeding and fell during prolonged fasting. Insulin output in urine from 7 non-diabetic subjects ranged from 11 to 39 mU/24 hr, averaging 25 +/- 10 mU/24 hr. In normal subjects without renal disease a single determination of renal insulin clearance and a timed urinary insulin output appear to be sufficient for determination of mean plasma insulin during that time period. Concentration of urine using this methodology could provide the material for HPLC screening for abnormal insulins and for their subsequent purification to determine the site of change in amino acid sequence.
Adult ; Chromatography, Gel ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin/blood/*urine ; Male ; Metabolic Clearance Rate ; Middle Aged ; Radioimmunoassay/*methods

OBJECTIVETo prepare a rapid and sensitive diagnostic kit for detection of CA50 based on time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay.

METHODSA sandwich-TRFIA diagmostic kit was developed using anti-CA50 monoclonal antibody and all parameters of the kit were evaluated.

RESULTSThe linear measurement range of the kit was (5 - 300) U/ml. The sensitivity was 0.2 U/ml. The intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation were 4.3% - 8.2% and 7.7% - 11.2%, respectively. There was no cross-reaction with CEA, CA12-5, CA15-3 and AFP. The cross reactivity with CA19-9 was 0.7 U/ml. The correlation coefficient of detection results of 107 blood samples between this newly developed kit and commercially available CA50 RIA kit was 0.901.

CONCLUSIONThis newly developed CA50-TRFIA kit is a valuable test tool for clinical application with even better sensitivity, specificity and accuracy.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate ; blood ; Female ; Fluoroimmunoassay ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radioimmunoassay ; Reagent Kits, Diagnostic ; standards ; Reference Standards ; Reproducibility of Results

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of EGF and TNF in the fetal wound healing process.

METHODSOn a fetal wound healing model with the maternal rabbit on 22-23 days of pregnancy (term = 31-32 days), the contents of EGF and TNF were analyzed with a RIA kit, compared to the maternal rabbit group and the adult rabbit group.

RESULTSThe EGF and TNF contents in the fetal wound were both increasing 3 days after the operation and maintained in a high level until the 7th day of the wound healing process(P < 0.05). However, the EGF and TNF contents in the maternal and adult rabbit groups were only kept at a high level during the 3 days after the surgery.

CONCLUSIONThe results are indicated that the EGF and TNF may play an important role in fetal wound healing.

Animals ; Epidermal Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Female ; Fetus ; metabolism ; surgery ; Pregnancy ; Rabbits ; Radioimmunoassay ; methods ; Time Factors ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism ; Wound Healing