OBJECTIVES: Several advances in the diagnosis, therapy and palliation of patients affected by malignant biliary obstruction have occurred during the last decades. Unresectable malignant biliary obstruction has usually been treated by percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) versus metallic biliary drainage (MBD). The optimal management of complications after biliary drainage is still an unresolved problem. To compare the complications of malignant biliary obstruction after PTBD and MBD. METHODS: We enrolled 51 patients of malignant biliary obstruction after biliary drainage. The clinical characteristics and complications of each groups were assessed and compared. RESULTS: The complications after biliary drainage of MBD are lower than those of PTBD (59.1% vs 82.8%, P = 0.06, respectively). Patients with PTBD tended to have a shorter event of complication time compared to MBD patients (2.9 months vs 7.1 months, P < 0.01). Patients with older age in PTBD tended to have a longer event of complication time compared to younger patients (4.6 months vs 2.3 months, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The method of biliary drainage in malignant biliary obstruction have statistically significant impact on the complication time. The clinical efficacy of metallic stent in patients with malignant biliary obstruction is better than that of PTBD.
Dioxolanes ; Drainage ; Fluorocarbons ; Humans ; Radiography, Interventional ; Stents

Radiation exposure during fluoroscopy has been of consistent interest because fluoroscopy is used not only for diagnostic purposes such as upper gastrointestinal series but for many minimally-invasive treatments in various clinical fields. In 2000, the International Commission on Radiological Protection published the important report about the avoidance of radiation injuries from medical interventional procedures, and this report defined harm during fluoroscopic-guided interventional procedure and how to reduce the radiation dose of patients and staff. Two aspects of fluoroscopy exposure differ from other types of medical radiation exposure, including computed tomography. One is that the entrance surface dose during an interventional procedure may be very high, so the deterministic effects of radiation such as skin or corneal injury should be emphasized more than stochastic effects such as cancer risk. The other is that the variation in radiation exposure is great for the same kind of procedure, so it is very difficult to generate a reference level for the radiation dose. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a guideline for the use of fluoroscopy through a nationwide survey about irradiation during fluoroscopic examinations and fluoroscopy-guided intervention procedures. In conclusion, radiation exposure by fluoroscopic guided intervention is not negligible, and the practitioner should always aim to reduce radiation exposure during interventional procedures.
Fluoroscopy ; Humans ; Radiation Dosage ; Radiation Injuries ; Radiation Monitoring ; Radiography, Interventional ; Radiology, Interventional ; Skin

Medical intervention is to make use of puncture and catheterization technique for the diagnosis and treatment, relying on the guidance of medical imaging equipment. It is also a new medical branch which is independent of internal medicine and surgery. It is officially named the third largest medical technology. Interventional therapy contains blood vessel intervention and non-vessel intervention. The operation of the catheter and thread in the vessel is the key part of vessel intervention. By comparison it is found that the operation of catheter and thread in the blood vessel is similar to that of the string in the wellbore. Tubular mechanics in oil-gas wells is a mature theoretical mechanics system in the field of Petroleum Engineering. In this paper, the tension-torque model of the tubular mechanics in oil-gas wells is introduced, and the operation of catheter in a simulative vessel is mechanically analyzed with the software of mechanical analysis of drill string in directional wells.
Biomechanical Phenomena ; Blood Vessels ; pathology ; physiology ; Catheterization, Peripheral ; methods ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Interventional ; Radiography, Interventional

Gastrointestinal (GI) fistulas are frequently very serious complications that are associated with high morbidity and mortality. GI fistulas can cause a wide array of pathophysiological effects by allowing abnormal diversion of the GI contents, including digestive fluid, water, electrolytes, and nutrients, from either one intestine to another or from the intestine to the skin. As an alternative to surgery, recent technical advances in interventional radiology and percutaneous techniques have been shown as advantageous to lower the morbidity and mortality rate, and allow for superior accessibility to the fistulous tracts via the use of fistulography. In addition, new interventional management techniques continue to emerge. We describe the clinical and imaging features of GI fistulas and outline the interventional management of GI fistulas.
Drainage ; Gastric Fistula/diagnosis/radiography/*therapy ; Humans ; Intestinal Fistula/diagnosis/radiography/*therapy ; Punctures ; *Radiography, Interventional

In spite of the nice screening program using the state-of-the-art imaging modalities, most patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are not eligible for curative resection due to poor hepatic functional reserve and multiplicity of the tumors. Therefore they greatly rely on percutaneous interventional procedures. Among these, transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and local ablation therapies including ethanol injection therapy or radiofrequency (RF) thermal ablation have gained wider acceptance for the local treatment of unresectable HCC with growing evidence of survival gain. Although we need more prospective randomized trials to determine the definite role of these interventional therapies, the current consensus is that they are safe and effective for the local control of small HCC and have a potential to replace definitive surgical options. In this review, the basic principles and published clinical results including long-term survival rates and complications are reviewed. The benefits and limitations of each therapy are also discussed.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/radiography/*therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; English Abstract ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms/radiography/*therapy ; *Radiography, Interventional

Gastric cancer is the most common cancer in Korea, and is often treated by surgical resection. Many postoperative complications or tumor recurrence, however, are managed by the use of imaging-guided interventions. This review describes the spectrum of postoperative complications that occur following gastrectomy, with an emphasis on the interventional procedures used to manage postoperative complications and tumor recurrence.
Gastrectomy ; Korea ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Postoperative Complications ; Radiography, Interventional ; Recurrence ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

A pulmonary embolism is a rare, but well described complication of percutaneous vertebroplasty; the majority of cases are caused by acrylic cement. Here, for the first time, we report a case of pulmonary embolism due to a thrombus in the right atrium, which was caused by an acrylic cement foreign body in the right atrium and central veins 6 years after percutaneous vertebroplasty. This case suggests that an acrylic cement foreign body should be considered as a potential source of thrombus formation in patients that develop a pulmonary embolism following percutaneous vertebroplasty.
Foreign Bodies* ; Heart Atria* ; Humans ; Pulmonary Embolism* ; Radiography, Interventional ; Thrombosis* ; Veins ; Vertebroplasty*

No abstract available.
Brachytherapy/*methods ; Female ; Humans ; Radiotherapy, Conformal/*methods ; Ultrasonography, Interventional/*methods ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/*radiography

No abstract available.
Brachytherapy/*methods ; Female ; Humans ; Radiotherapy, Conformal/*methods ; Ultrasonography, Interventional/*methods ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/*radiography

PURPOSE: To assess the safety and usefulness of ultrasonography-guided transthoracic cutting biopsy for lung lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty-eight patients (66 men, 22 women, mean age 59 years) with lung lesions underwent an ultrasonography(USG)-guided transthoracic cutting biopsy. The final diagnosis was based on the findings of surgery and clinical and radiological follow-ups. The histopathologic results and diagnostic accuracy of cutting biopsy were determined. Also, the complication rate was statistically evaluated according to the mass size, number of biopsies, and the presence or absence of pleural effusion. RESULTS: Biopsy specimens were successfully obtained in all patients. 79 of 88 lesions (89.8%) were established by histopathology. The final diagnosis was malignant in 58 and benign in 28. The remaining 2 patients were lost to follow-up. Diagnostic sensitivity for malignant lesions was 89.6% (52/58) and that for benign lesions was 96.4% (27/28). Procedure-related complications occurred in 9 patients (10.2%) including pneumothorax (n = 2) and hemoptysis (n = 7). And there was no significant difference according to mass size, number of biopsies, or presence of pleural effusion. CONCLUSION: USG-guided transthoracic cutting biopsy is a useful and safe method for technically-feasible lung lesions.
Biopsy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Lost to Follow-Up ; Lung ; Male ; Pneumothorax ; Radiography, Interventional