Electromagnetic Fields ; adverse effects ; Environmental Exposure ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Radiation Monitoring ; methods ; Risk Assessment

Animals ; Electromagnetic Fields ; adverse effects ; Female ; Gravidity ; radiation effects ; Humans ; Maternal Exposure ; adverse effects ; Pregnancy

Adult ; Electromagnetic Fields ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Immunity ; radiation effects ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Railroads

Agriculture ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; analysis ; Radiation Dosage ; Radon ; adverse effects ; analysis ; Seasons

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the association between occupational radiation exposure and changes in thyroid hormone levels among medical radiation workers. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 2,946 radiation workers from 20 Guangzhou hospitals. Data on general characteristics, participant radiation dosimetry, and thyroid function test results [thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroid hormone (T4)] were extracted from dosimetry and medical records. The generalized estimating equation was used to evaluate the trend of changes in thyroid hormone levels over time and was adjusted for age, gender, and occupation. Results: The average annual effective dose was very low and showed a general downward trend. During the follow-up period, changes in T3 and T4 levels among radiation workers were -0.015 [95% confidence interval ( Conclusion Thyroid hormone secretion might be affected even in low-dose radiation exposure environments.
Adult ; China ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure/adverse effects* ; Radiation Exposure/adverse effects* ; Retrospective Studies ; Thyroid Hormones/radiation effects* ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of low intensity and very high frequency (VHF) electromagnetic radiation (170 MHz) on nervous system function and serum enzymes and immune function in human subjects with occupational exposure to VHF.

METHODSTo measure the intensity of VHF and other environmental factors on the spot, to hold the questionnaire about chief complaints, to examine the rheoencephalography and the neurobehavior function, to analyze ALT, AST, ALP and LDH, and IgA, IgM and IgG in experimental group and control group.

RESULTSThe intensity of VHF (direction of antenna: 0 degrees, 10 m and 135 degrees, 20 m) was higher than that of national standard on-the-spot. The incidences of symptoms such as headache, insomnia and amnesia etc. was significantly higher in experimental group (P < 0.01). Rheoencephalography indicated that the raising time of both left [(0.155 3 +/- 0.057 9) s] and right [(0.154 1 +/- 0.059 2) s] in the experimental group after exposure were significantly longer than before exposure [(0.104 4 +/- 0.030 2) s, (0.103 2 +/- 0.030 4) s respectively] or in the control [(0.118 5 +/- 0.056 8) s, (0.117 7 +/- 0.057 5) s respectively, (P < 0.01)]. Neurobehavior function test showed that digital symbol, digital span and pursuit aiming test were decreased after exposure in the experimental group (P < 0.01). Serum enzyme analysis showed that AST, ALP and LDH were significantly increased after exposure in the experimental group (P < 0.01). No marked change was found in IgA level, while the levels of IgM and IgG after exposure in the experimental group especially the latter were significantly increased (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSLow-intensity VHF radiation can decrease the nervous system function in occupationally exposed personnel and induce increase in some kinds of enzymes and immunoglobulins.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Electroencephalography ; radiation effects ; Electromagnetic Fields ; adverse effects ; Higher Nervous Activity ; drug effects ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood ; radiation effects ; Immunoglobulin M ; blood ; radiation effects ; Male ; Occupational Exposure ; Radiation Dosage ; Radio Waves ; adverse effects ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; immunology ; radiation effects

Since epidemiologic studies have reported a modestly increased risk of oncogenesis associated with certain electromagnetic fields (EMF), popular media and scientists have raised concerns about possible health hazards of environmental exposure to EMF. Laboratory-based experiments have shown that a variety of biological responses were induced by EMF, although these results were controversial and conflicting. The non-thermal effects of low energy EMF,the possible interaction of EMF with biological system have become focus topics in the biolectromagnetic fields. This paper focuses on recent studies of static and extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields, especially the interactive mechanism between EMF and cellular membrane and protein kinase signal transduction pathways. The potential genetic toxicity and risk evaluation are also discussed. However, the existence of some positive findings and the limitations in the set of studies suggest a need for more work.
DNA Damage ; radiation effects ; Electromagnetic Fields ; adverse effects ; Environmental Exposure ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced ; etiology

OBJECTIVESTo investigate intensity of extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELFMF) emitted from cathode-ray tubes (CRT) of monitors in various directions and to find ways to avoid its influence.

METHODSTwo hundred CRT monitors and 10 monitors with liquid-crystal display (LCD) were selected. Their ELFMF was detected for three times in front of the monitor at an interval of every 5 cm from 0 cm to 50 cm, as well as at various directions from the monitor.

RESULTSIntensity of ELFMF significantly attenuated at regular operating position (30 - 40 cm) from 0 cm to 50 cm in front of both 38 cm and 43 cm CRT monitors (P < 0.05). Intensity exceeded 0.4 microT both within 15 cm and 10 cm in front of 38 cm and 43 cm monitors. The highest intensity was found at the upright top position of both kinds of monitors, 9.54 microT for 38 cm monitor and 6.38 microT for 43 cm one, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSIt is suggested to keep away from monitor screen as possible when operating a computer, to reduce unnecessary operation in front of a monitor screen, and to shorten operating time. To avoid more hazards from interactive interference between computers, it is necessary to increase distance between monitors.

Computers ; Electromagnetic Fields ; adverse effects ; Environmental Exposure ; adverse effects ; Equipment Safety ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Radiation Monitoring ; methods ; Risk Assessment

BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have concentrated on high-dose radiation exposed accidentally or through therapy, and few involve low-dose occupational exposure, to investigate the correlation between low-dose ionizing radiation and changing hematological parameters among medical workers. METHODS: Using a prospective cohort study design, we collected health examination reports and personal dose monitoring data from medical workers and used Poisson regression and restricted cubic spline models to assess the correlation between changing hematological parameters and cumulative radiation dose and determine the dose-response relationship. RESULTS: We observed that changing platelet of 1265 medical workers followed up was statistically different among the cumulative dose groups (P = 0.010). Although the linear trend tested was not statistically significant (P CONCLUSION We concluded that although the exposure dose was below the limit, medical workers exposed to low-dose ionizing radiation for a short period of time might have increased first and then decreased platelets, and there was a dose-response relationship between the cumulative radiation dose and platelets changing.
Adult ; Aged ; Blood Platelets/radiation effects* ; Female ; Health Personnel/statistics & numerical data* ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure/adverse effects* ; Prospective Studies ; Radiation Dosage ; Radiation Exposure/adverse effects* ; Radiation, Ionizing ; Young Adult

To investigate hematopoiesis and cytogenetics changes in staff of interventional radiology.A total of 121 intervention radiation workers, 245 common radiation workers and 100 medical personnel (healthy control) without exposure to radiation were enrolled in the study. The peripheral lymphocyte chromosomal aberrations and micronucleus were detected, and the result of white blood cells examination was analyzed.Compared with common radiation group and healthy control group, decreases in white blood cells count, neutrophil ratio, and increase in lymphocyte ratio were observed in intervention radiation group (all<0.05). Intervention radiation group had higher chromosome aberration rate and micronuclear rate than common radiation group and healthy control group (all<0.05). Most common chromosome aberrations were dicentric chromosome, acentric ring, fragments and minute chromosome. Abnormal rates in chromosome aberration and micronucleus rates were increased with the rise of length of service, but no statistically significant difference was observed (>0.05).Long term exposure to ionizing radiation may lead to changes in the human hematopoietic system and cause human chromosome aberration, and the severity of such injuries may be associated with the dose of ionizing radiation.
Adult ; Chromosome Aberrations ; radiation effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Female ; Hematopoiesis ; radiation effects ; Humans ; Leukocyte Count ; statistics & numerical data ; Leukocytes ; pathology ; radiation effects ; Lymphocytes ; pathology ; radiation effects ; ultrastructure ; Male ; Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective ; radiation effects ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Radiation Exposure ; adverse effects ; statistics & numerical data ; Radiation, Ionizing ; Radiologists ; statistics & numerical data ; Time Factors