PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the muscle activities of the brachioradialis and extensor carpi radialis longus according to the type of backhand stroke in badminton.METHODS: To measure the muscle activities, we used electromyography (EMG) equipment to measure EMG values by performing maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of the forearm muscles, which depends on the type of backhand stroke. With these values, the %maximum voluntary isometric contraction values were obtained. The data were calculated using SPSS ver. 21.0 and one-way repeated measures analysis of variance with a post-hoc least significant difference test.RESULTS: In this study, the backhand clear achieved higher maximum muscle activity values than those by the backhand push, under clear, and drive in the brachioradialis. The backhand smash achieved higher maximum muscle activity values than those by the backhand push in the extensor carpi radialis longus.CONCLUSION: The backhand clear is associated with a higher injury rate than those associated with the backhand push, under clear, and drive. The backhand smash is associated with a higher rate of the occurrence of tennis elbow than that associated with the backhand push. To prevent injuries, it is considered that the forearm's strength, stretching before and after exercise, and sufficient time to rest are important.
Electromyography ; Forearm ; Isometric Contraction ; Muscles ; Racquet Sports ; Stroke ; Tennis Elbow

PURPOSE: This study examined the injury and rehabilitation of athletes with disabilities in racket sports projects (i.e., badminton, table tennis, and wheelchair tennis). In addition, the characteristics of each project and the differences among those projects are discussed. METHODS: Business team athletes with disabilities in racket sport were enrolled as subjects (i.e., 19 badminton athletes, 19 table tennis athletes, and 19 wheelchair tennis athletes). The real conditions of the injury, injury severity, injury site, symptoms, and rehabilitation methods after injury were analyzed. RESULTS: No significant differences were observed among the actual condition, injury severity, symptoms and the methods of rehabilitation on racket sport for athletes (i.e., badminton, table tennis, and wheelchair tennis athletes) with disability. The differences were focused mainly on the injury sites due to the characteristics of the different projects, and specific technical actions. CONCLUSION: This study examined the real condition of the injury, injury severity, injury site, symptoms and rehabilitation methods after the injury on the rackets (i.e., badminton, table tennis, and wheelchair tennis) athletes with disabilities. The data can be used to eliminate the incidence of injury and minimize the injury severity for racket athletes with disabilities. In addition, it can also be used for the disabled, who like racket projects, as the fundamental material to prevent injury and assist in recovery.
Athletes ; Commerce ; Disabled Persons ; Humans ; Incidence ; Racquet Sports ; Rehabilitation ; Tennis ; Wheelchairs

The purpose of this study was to analyze the physical fitness and performance level depending on play style in female table tennis players. Thirty-one female players participated in this study. The measurement factors for physical fitness were body composition, cardiopulmonary function and fitness, balance, power, flexibility, agility, isotonic and isokinetic strength, muscle endurance and anaerobic. Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney test, and Spearman correlation were used to analyze the data. The results were as follows; in cardiopulmonary function and fitness, FEV1/FVC was significantly higher in defensive style than drive style. Also, Harvard step test was significantly higher in drive style than attack style. In agility, cross run was significantly slower in attack style than the other styles. In isokinetic strength, left flexion strength of knee was significantly higher in driver style than defensive style. Also, in correlations, performance level had association with Harvard step test in defensive and attack style, 20 m run in attack style, cross run in defensive and drive style, push-ups in drive style. As different physical fitness factors were correlated on performance and scientific training program should be applied according to the play styles.
Body Composition ; Education ; Exercise Test ; Female* ; Humans ; Knee ; Muscle Strength ; Physical Fitness* ; Pliability ; Racquet Sports ; Sports ; Tennis*

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the incidence and risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries among junior badminton athletes during a national championship. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among 128 junior badminton athletes who were members of one Indonesian badminton club and participated in the National Premier Circuit held in June 2019 in West Java, Indonesia. Data on demographic characteristics, history of previous and current injuries, physical examination, diagnosis (type, anatomical structure involved, and location), and treatment of injuries were collected along with data on the format of the game (single, double, or combination), and the number of matches for each respective athlete. Measures of injury frequency used were the incidence proportion and clinical incidence. Determinant factors for incidence were investigated. Results: Twenty-four injury events involving 23 athletes were recorded, with an incidence proportion of 23/128 athletes (18%) and a clinical incidence of 24/128 athletes or 18.8 per 100 athletes. Acute injuries were more frequent (13/24, 54.2%) than chronic/overuse injuries. More than half (14/24, 58.3%) of the injuries occurred in the lower extremities. Factors that increased the risk of injury were age ≥ 15 years (relative risk [RR] = 6.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.96, 20.04, p < 0.001), and the number of matches ≥ 3 (RR = 3.79, 95% CI 1.61, 8.92, p = 0.001). Conclusion Musculoskeletal injuries occurred frequently among Indonesian junior badminton athletes during the national elite championship. An effective injury-prevention program specific to young athletes should be developed to maintain their future participation and performance in competition.
Racquet Sports ; Wounds and Injuries ; Epidemiology ; Athletes ; Adolescent

Nutrient supplements are often used by athletes as ergogenic aids. This study was done to investigate the use of nutrient supplements, nutritional knowledge and nutrient intakes of athletes. Subjects of this survey consisted of 195 national team athletes. The prevalence of nutrient supplement use among all subjects was 30.3%, and the frequency of use, by decreasing order, was weight lifting, taekwondo and badminton athletes. Sport drinks were the type of nutrition supplement used most frequently and vitamin C was the second one. Major reasons for nutrient supplement use were to improve training performance and to recover from fatigue, to supplement fluid and to control weight. The average score of nutritional knowledge was 19.9+/-2.5 for nutrient supplement users, and 19.8+/-3.6 for nutrient supplement nonusers. Intakes of protein, calcium and niacin of the user were higher than those of the nonuser. This information provided by this study can help sport nutritionists identify nutrient supplement most often consumed by national elite athletes and can aid counselors as they guide athletes towards more healthful nutrition practices.
Ascorbic Acid ; Athletes* ; Calcium ; Counseling ; Fatigue ; Humans ; Morinda ; Niacin ; Nutritionists ; Prevalence ; Racquet Sports ; Sports ; Weight Lifting

OBJECTIVE: Locking of the knee is usually attributed to a tear of meoiscus, or to a loose body that rnechanically obstructs the motion of joint. A less frequently recognized cause of a locked knee is a partial tear of the ACL. The purpose of this study is to report that the partial tear of,the ACL at the femoral attachment site of posterolateral bundle provided a mechanical obstruction in the knW, and it is convicted the injury mechanism of isolated ACL. MATEIRALS AND METHODS: The author presents 16 cases in which the torn ACL was observed knee locking under arthroscopy fram February 1993 to June 1996. Patients ages ranged from 22 to 54 years. The mechanism of injuries were 6 sports activity (Ski 4, Soccer 1, Badminton 1), 4 slip down, 3 pedestrian car accidents and 3 unknown causes with especially low velocity injuries. Although the chief complain in each case was knee pain, all had locking knee that, on physical examination, locked from 5 to 20 of full extension, and 4 locked full flexion. The positive Lachman test was obtained 3 of the 16 paiients. Associated intraarticular injuries were 2 tears of the medial meniscus, 1 lateral meniscus. RESULTS: The average time to arthroscopy was 3 nonths with a range of 1 month to 10 rnonths. An arthroscopic diagnosis and treatment were performed and meniscal tears were ruled out as the cause of locking in all patients. The injury mechanism of isolated ACL was the hyperextensioo of the knee with leg I/R and especially low velocity injuries. The ACL was found to have a partial tear at the site of femoral attachment of an estimated P-L bundle. The torn segment of the ACL to become interposed between the lateral femoral condyle and the latera1 tibial condyle and to act as mechanical block was demcinstrated. CONCLUSION: In all cases, the torn portion of the ACL was excised under arthroscopy and knee locking was resolved.
Arthroscopy ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee* ; Leg ; Menisci, Tibial ; Physical Examination ; Racquet Sports ; Soccer ; Sports

PURPOSE: The first aim of this study was to retrospectively survey sports injuries among 608 athletes participating in 26 sport events. The second aim was to compare the characteristics of sports injuries depending on the occurrences during the high school and university periods.METHODS: The data were collected based on the daily injury report form proposed by the International Olympic Committee from March to June 2019.RESULTS: Four hundred and thirty-nine athletes (313 men) of 608 participated athletes experienced a total of 747 sports injuries, indicating 0.7 injuries per 1,000 athlete exposures (AEs). The incidence rate during the university period was 6.1 injuries/1,000 AEs, which was approximately two-fold higher than that during the high school period (2.8 injuries/1,000 AEs). The reported frequency of injuries was the highest among long distance athletics (n=60, 8.0%), and in each subgroup as well.CONCLUSION: Many more injuries were incurred during practice wherein injuries in long-distance athletics were the most common than in competition athletics; handball injuries and taekwondo injuries were the most common during high school and university, respectively. The most contact injuries occurred in taekwondo and most noncontact injuries occurred in gymnastics during high school and in badminton during university. The most commonly affected body parts were the knee, shoulder, and ankle. Severe injuries were the most frequent in long distance athletics, and emergent situations were the most common in taekwondo.
Ankle ; Athletes ; Athletic Injuries ; Gymnastics ; Human Body ; Humans ; Incidence ; Knee ; Racquet Sports ; Retrospective Studies ; Shoulder ; Sports

Calcaneal apophysitis is a relatively common disease in young athletes. On the other hand, if not treated properly, it can lead to apophyseal avulsion fracture in rare cases. In the case of apophyseal avulsion fractures, it is often necessary to remove or preserve the bone fragment, which often requires a suture of the Achilles tendon. A 10-year-old badminton athlete visited the outpatients' clinic with pain in both heels from 10 months ago without any trauma history. After conservative therapy, the pain in the left heel was relived but the right heel pain persisted. After 10 months of conservative therapy, the patient visited the outpatients' clinic showing a calcaneal apophyseal avulsion fracture with a total rupture of the Achilles tendon. In the operation room, a bone fragment needed to be removed because of its poor viability and the fragment was too thin for fixation. After removing the bone fragment, the ruptured Achilles tendon was fixed with an anchor system.
Achilles Tendon* ; Athletes ; Child* ; Hand ; Heel ; Humans ; Racquet Sports ; Rupture* ; Sutures

PURPOSE: To determine correlation between stress fracture of the posterior tibia and flexor digitorum longusmuscle injury caused by athletic or sporting activity during adolescence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eleven casesdiagnosed as stress fracture after X-ray and MR imaging of the lower leg were reviewed. With regard to eachfracture, the following features were noted: age, sex, and athletic or sporting activity of the patient, and site.Using MR imaging techniques, axial and sagittal T1 and T2 weighted images were obtained in all cases and T1-GdDTPA images in seven. RESULTS: The activities undertaken were running (n=3), football (n=2), ballet (n=2),taekwando (n=1), badminton (n=1), field hockey (n=1), and basketball (n=1). MR images revealed localized corticalthickness (n=11), linear intramedullary callus showing a low signal on T1 and T2 weighted images (n=9), marrowhyperemia (n=7), and flexor digitorum longus muscle injury showing a high signal on T1-Gd DTPA and T2 weightedimage (n=7). CONCLUSION: Stress fracture of the posterior tibia might be induced by flexor digitorum longusmuscle activity induced by athletic or sporting activities during adoleseence.
Adolescent ; Basketball ; Bony Callus ; Football ; Fractures, Stress* ; Hockey ; Humans ; Leg ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pentetic Acid ; Racquet Sports ; Running ; Sports ; Tibia*

Badminton is a popular sport in Korea. However, medical records about badminton injuries are rare. Compared to other sports, badminton is of low risk, and most injuries related to badminton are overused injuries and are localized to the food and ankle. The frequent ones are medial/lateral epicondylitis, shoulder impingement syndrome, Achilles tendinitis, infra patellar tendinitis, hip bursitis, and spondylolysis/spondylolisthesis etc. The rehabilitation program include control of pain and swelling; restoring the full range of motion; increasing muscular strength, endurance and power; reestablishing neuromuscular control; improving balance; maintaining cardiorespiratory fitness; and incorporating functional progressions. The most important point in rehabilitation is regular follow-up during the healing process.
Ankle ; Bursitis ; Hip ; Korea ; Medical Records ; Racquet Sports* ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Rehabilitation* ; Shoulder Impingement Syndrome ; Sports ; Tendinopathy