Renal agenesis is a disorder characterized by the congenital absence of one or both kidneys due to complete failure of the kidney to form. The syndrome of renal agenesis is severe oligohydramnios, amnion nodosum, flattened face, low-set and floppy ears, and bilateral pulmonary hypoplasia. Bilateral renal agenesis occurs in 0.1 to 0.3 per 1000 births and unilateral involvement occurs in 1 in 500 to 1 in 1300 live births.1,2 Bilateral renal agenesis is an invariably lethal condition, and is associated in more than half of the affected individuals with malformations of the genitourinary tract, cardiovascular system, vertebral bodies or imperforated anus.2 Accurate diagnosis in the mid-trimester permits the parents to allow elective termination. However, the nearly absent amniotic fluid makes an accurate assessment of fetal kidney difficult. We present a case of unilateral renal agenesis with contralateral renal hypoplasia, diagnosed by ultrasonography after amnioinfusion at 21 weeks gestation.
Amnion ; Amniotic Fluid ; Cardiovascular System ; Diagnosis ; Ear ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; Oligohydramnios ; Parents ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Ultrasonography

Lymphangiomas are congenital malformations of lymphatic vessels that have the potential to infiltrate surrounding structures. In 95% of cases, they are located in the neck (cystic hygroma), head and axilla. But they can occur in a variety of anatomical locations, such as the abdominal cavity, extremities and urinary bladder. Pathologically they can be classified into three group: lymphangioma simplex; carvenous lymphangioma; and cystic lymphangiomas or hygromas. Mixed lesions may coexist in different areas of the same lymphangioma. Although these lesions are benign, they have a propensity for rapid growth and invasion into the underlying muscles and connective tissues. A extensive mass can compress adjacent vital organs, which determines the severity of the lesion. Accurate prenatal diagnosis and anatomical evaluation are important as they permit planned delivery and prompt postnatal resuscitation, and allow the option of terminating the pregnancy if a poor outcome is predicted. Prenatal MRI can confirm ultrasonographic findings, provide detailed fetal anatomical evaluation, and demonstrate the extent and character of lymphangiomas. We present a case of a huge retroperitoneal cystic lymphangioma diagnosed prenatally using ultrasound and MRI at 26 weeks gestation.
Abdominal Cavity ; Axilla ; Connective Tissue ; Extremities ; Head ; Lymphangioma ; Lymphangioma, Cystic* ; Lymphatic Vessels ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Muscles ; Neck ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Resuscitation ; Ultrasonography ; Urinary Bladder