To determine the molecular phylogenic location of Plagiorchis muris, 28S D1 ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) were sequenced and compared with other trematodes in the family Plagiorchiidae. The 28S D1 tree of P. muris was found to be closely related to those of P. elegans and other Plagiorchis species. And, the mtCOI tree also showed that P. muris is in a separate clade with genus Glypthelmins. These results support a phylogenic relationship between members of the Plagiorchiidae, as suggested by morphologic features.
Animals ; Base Sequence ; DNA, Helminth/chemistry/genetics ; DNA, Mitochondrial/chemistry/genetics ; Electron Transport Complex IV/chemistry/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Ribosomal, 28S/chemistry/*genetics ; Sequence Alignment ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Trematoda/classification/*genetics

Species identification using DNA sequences is the basis for DNA taxonomy. In this study, we sequenced the ribosomal large-subunit RNA gene sequences (3,037-3,061 bp) in length of 13 Chinese Theileria stocks that were infective to cattle and sheep. The complete 28S rRNA gene is relatively difficult to amplify and its conserved region is not important for phylogenetic study. Therefore, we selected the D2-D3 region from the complete 28S rRNA sequences for phylogenetic analysis. Our analyses of 28S rRNA gene sequences showed that the 28S rRNA was useful as a phylogenetic marker for analyzing the relationships among Theileria spp. in ruminants. In addition, the D2-D3 region was a short segment that could be used instead of the whole 28S rRNA sequence during the phylogenetic analysis of Theileria, and it may be an ideal DNA barcode.
Animals ; Base Sequence ; China ; DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Ribosomal, 28S/genetics ; Ruminants ; Sequence Alignment ; Sequence Analysis, DNA/veterinary ; Theileria/*classification/genetics/isolation & purification ; Theileriasis/*parasitology

Geosmithia argillacea, an anamorph of Talaromyces eburneus, is a thermophilic filamentous fungus that has a phenotype similar to that of the Penicillium species, except for the creamy-white colonies and cylindrical conidia. Recently, a new genus called Rasamsonia has been proposed, which is to accommodate the Talaromyces and Geosmithia species. Here, we report the first Korean case of G. argillacea isolated from a patient with a fungal ball. The patient was a 44-yr-old Korean man with a history of pulmonary tuberculosis and aspergilloma. The newly developed fungal ball in his lung was removed and cultured to identify the fungus. The fungal colonies were white and slow-growing, and the filaments resembled those of Penicillium. Molecular identification was carried out by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the 28S rDNA and the beta-tubulin genes. A comparative sequence analysis using the GenBank (http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) database was performed with the basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) algorithm. The results revealed a 97-100% similarity with the G. argillacea ITS sequence. This case should increase awareness among physicians about the pathogenic potential of G. argillacea in humans and help them accurately identify this fungus, because it can be easily confused with Penicillium and Paecilomyces species owing to their similar phenotypic and microscopic characteristics. A molecular approach should be employed to enable accurate identification of G. argillacea.
Adult ; Databases, Genetic ; Eurotiales/classification/*isolation & purification ; Humans ; Lung/microbiology/radiography ; Male ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Ribosomal, 28S/chemistry/genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tuberculosis/*diagnosis/microbiology/radiography ; Tubulin/chemistry/genetics

We compared the DNA sequences of the genus Metagonimus: M. yokogawai, M. takahashii, and M. miyatai. We obtained 28S D1 ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) fragments from the adult worms by PCR, that were cloned and sequenced. Phylogenetic relationships inferred from the nucleotide sequences of the 28S D1 rDNA and mtCOI gene. M. takahashii and M. yokogawai are placed in the same clade supported by DNA sequence and phylogenic tree analysis in 28S D1 rDNA and mtCOI gene region. The above findings tell us that M. takahashii is closer to M. yokogawai than to M. miyatai genetically. This phylogenetic data also support the nomination of M. miyatai as a separate species.
Animals ; Base Sequence ; Comparative Study ; DNA, Helminth/*chemistry/genetics ; DNA, Mitochondrial/chemistry/genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry/genetics ; Electron Transport Complex IV/chemistry/*genetics ; Heterophyidae/classification/enzymology/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Ribosomal, 28S/chemistry/*genetics ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Sequence Alignment ; Trematode Infections/*parasitology

The rumen parasite, Gastrothylax crumenifer (Platyhelminthes: Gastrothylacidae), is a highly pathogenic trematode parasite of goat (Capra hircus). It sucks blood that causes acute disease like anemia, and severe economic losses occur due to morbidity and mortality of the ruminant infected by these worms. The study of these rumen paramphistomes, their infection, and public health importance remains unclear in India especially in the western part of state Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), Meerut, India, where the goat meat consumption is very high. This paper provides the molecular characterization of G. crumenifer recovered from the rumen of Capra hircus from Meerut, U.P., India by the partial sequence of 28S rDNA. Nucleotide sequence similarity searching on BLAST of 28S rDNA from parasites showed the highest identity with those of G. crumenifer from the same host Capra hircus. This is the first report of molecular identification of G. crumenifer from this part of India.
Animals ; Cluster Analysis ; DNA, Helminth/chemistry/genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry/genetics ; Goat Diseases/*parasitology ; Goats ; India ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Platyhelminths/*classification/genetics/*isolation & purification/ultrastructure ; RNA, Ribosomal, 28S/genetics ; Rumen/parasitology ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Trematode Infections/parasitology/*veterinary

The phylogenic relationships existing among 14 parasitic Platyhelminthes in the Republic of Korea were investigated via the use of the partial 28S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) D1 region and the partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (mCOI) DNA sequences. The nucleotide sequences were analyzed by length, G + C %, nucleotide differences and gaps in order to determine the analyzed phylogenic relationships. The phylogenic patterns of the 28S rDNA D1 and mCOI regions were closely related within the same class and order as analyzed by the PAUP 4.0 program, with the exception of a few species. These findings indicate that the 28S rDNA gene sequence is more highly conserved than are the mCOI gene sequences. The 28S rDNA gene may prove useful in studies of the systematics and population genetic structures of parasitic Platyhelminthes.
Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cats ; Cestoda/*classification/genetics ; Cestode Infections/parasitology ; Conserved Sequence ; DNA Primers/chemistry ; DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry ; Electron Transport Complex IV/*genetics ; Humans ; Korea ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Phylogeny ; RNA, Ribosomal, 28S/*genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Trematoda/*classification/genetics ; Trematode Infections/parasitology