OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of breviscapine injection on glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and nitricoxide synthase (NOS) in rats with ischemical reperfusion(I-R)injury. METHODS:The rats were divided into 5 groups:sham group,I-R group,MgSO4 group,breviscapine low dose group and high dose group. Cerebral I-R injury model was established with suture method.The effect of breviscapine injection on GFAP and NOS were evaluated. RESULTS:In ischemia-reperfusion group compared with the sham group,the GFAP staining was strongly positive,serum NOS and inducible NOS (iNOS) activity were significantly enhanced(P

OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of breviscapine on SOD(superoxide dismutase)activity and apoptosis in rats after cerebral ischemia reperfusion(I-R).METHODS:The experimental rats were divided into 5 groups:sham group,I-R group,MgSO4 group,high dose breviscapine group and low dose breviscapine group.The SOD activities in brain tissue and serum of rats and the apoptosis of brain cells were observed.RESULTS:Compared with the sham group,the model group showed significantly decreased SOD activities in both brain tissue and serum(P

OBJECTIVE To understand the pathogen distribution of infant infectious bacterial conjunctivitis and keratitis,and drug resistance to provide guidence on clinical treatment.METHODS The routine bacterial culture of eye secretions in the 331 cases was identified with K-B to determine the resistance of pathogenic bacteria.RESULTS A total of 124 strains were isolated with positive rate of 37.46%,there were Haemophilus parainfluenzae,Staphylococcus aureus,H.influenzae,S.epidermidis,fungi,etc.The resistance of S.aureus,S.epidermidis and S.pneumoniae to penicillin were 86.36%,88.89% and 0,respectively.The resistance rate of H.parainfluenzae,H.influenzae,Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ampicillin were 12.50%,27.78%,87.50%,100.00% and 100.00%;that to cefazolin were 16.67%,16.67%,62.50%,14.29% and 100.00%;and to cotrimoxazole were 50.00%,27.78%,12.50%,14.29% and 100.00%.CONCLUSIONS The H.parainfluenzae,S.aureus,H.influenzaeand S.epidermidis are isolated from the newborn eye secretions;they were lower resistant to ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria which caused respiratory infection among suscepted patients and offer scientific basis for reasonable usage of antibiotics.METHODS Oropharyngeal swabs among 709 cases of respiratory infection neonates were investigated by the routine methods and drug resistance was analyzed by K-B method.RESULTS Totally 438 bacterial strains were isolated from 709 neonates.most of these bacteria were Gram-negative bacilli(70.3%),among which Haemophilus influenzae and Klebsiella pneumoniae were accounted for 39.8% and 10.3%,respectively;fungi and Gram-positive cocci were accounted for 23.5% and 6.2%.CONCLUSIONS Most strains present higher resistance rates to penicillin and ampicillin;but cefoxitin,amikacin,vancomycin,imipenem and the third generation cephalosporins are revealed with higher sensitivity rates for pathogenic bacteria in newborns.

BACKGROUND:Currently, biodegradable polymer materials such as poly(morpholine-2, 5-dione) and its derivatives have been widely used in biomedical field to fabricate nerve catheters, tissue engineering and drug control release carriers. Therefore, many research has focused on the synthesis of poly(morpholine-2 5-dione) and its derivatives.
OBJECTIVE:To review the synthesis methods of monomeric and polymeric morpholine-2, 5-dione and its derivatives, and to explore its advantages and shortcomings. METHODS:A computer-based search of databases of Wanfang, CNKI, SCI and PubMed was performed for relevant articles published from 1982 to 2015. And the keywords were“morpholine-2, 5-dion, biodegradable”in Chinese and English, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:So far, acylation reactions ofα-amino acids andα-halogen halide, the intramolecular esterifications and intramolecular condensation reactions are the key methods for the synthesis of morpholine-2, 5-dione and its derivatives. A modified approach is needed to overcome the existed disadvantages. Ring-opening polymerization of morpholine-2, 5-dione is a preferred method of synthetic polyester-amide, but low molecular weight and conversion of polymers are produced. Polymerization catalyzed via metal compounds and enzymes are the best strategy for the synthesis of poly(morpholine-2, 5-dione). Furthermore, as a valuable biodegradable polymer material, poly(morpholine-2, 5-dione) has been extensively applied in the medical field.

Objective To investigate the effects on knee function between patella plasty and patellar replacement in total knee arthroplasty.Methods From August 2010 to November 2010,48 patients (69 knees) of osteoarthritis performed TKA were covered in this study.All the patients were randomly assigned to the following two groups:one group contained 24 patients (34 knees) performed patella plasty,and the other group contained other 24 patients (35 knees) performed patellar replacement.There was no significant difference between the two groups in age,weight,height,BMI,patellar score and the American Knee Society Score (KSS).Every patient was followed up for 6 weeks,3 months,6 months,one year,and two years.All the results,which were used to compare the difference between the two groups,in KSS knee score,knee function score,patellar score,the incidence of anterior knee pain,and imaging findings.Results In this clinical study,20 patients (30 knees) in patellar replacement group and 20 patients (29 knees) in patella plasty group were followed up.No significant difference was found in the postoperative KSS knee score between 2 groups at each time point.The KSS knee function score in replacement group was significantly higher than that in arthroplasty group at 6,12 and 24 months after operation.The incidence of anterior knee pain after the surgery in replacement group was significant different from the plasty group at every time point after operation.There was no significant difference in tibiofemoral angle,patellar ligament ratio,patellar tilt angle,congruence angle and lateral patellar displacement between two groups at last follow-up.Conclusion Total knee arthroplasty with patella replacement can improve both knee function and patella function,and reduce the incidence of postoperative anterior knee pain.

OBJECTIVE To understand the urinary tract infections after cesarean section,the distribution of pathogenic strains,and drug resistance analysis in order to provide clinical treatment. METHODS The routine urine cultures of the 2652 case were identified and drug resistance was analyzed by K-B method. RESULTS From 458 isolated bacteria,Gram-negative bacilli were main,pathogen accounting for 80.13%,Escherichia coli and Klebsiella,accounted for 71.62% and 4.8% respectively;Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 14.41%,and fungi accounted for 3.71%. CONCLUSIONS G-bacteria in the urinary tract infection are in the absolute superiority;rational use of antibiotics to effectively control the urinary tract infections and avoid drug-resistant strains produceing is especially critical.

Objective To determine the population structure of Streptococcus pncumoniae isolates collected from infants with eye infections,including drug resistance,resistance genes, serotypes and molecular types.Methods The susceptibility of 39 isolates to 10 antibacterial agents was tested by K-B disk diffusion and Etest.Latex agglutination test was performed to determine the serotype of the strains,and PCR was carried out to detect macrolides resistance genes mefE and ermB.Molecular types of the 20 strains were determined by multilocus sequence typing (MLST).Results A total of 39 Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates were obtained,in which 30 (76.9％) were resistant to 3 or more antibacterial agents,and no vancomycin,penicillin or cefotaxime resistant strain was found.ermB gene was found in 33 strains and mefE gene was found in 4 strains.Twelve serotypes were found,and the most frequent serotypes were 19 (8/39) and 14 (4/39). Seventeen strains (43.6％) were covered in PCV7 vaccine. The international clone Taiwan19F-14 and Spain23F-1 were found by MLST. Conclusions Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from infants with eye infections include international resistance clones.The distribution of serotype and molecular type are dispersed, and the clones are sporadic. The isolates are highly resistant to commonly used antibacterial agents.

AIM: To compare the main saponins extracted respectively from the fruits and the whole plant of Tribulus terrestris L. and study its marked component. METHODS: Using C 18 ODS column and Refractive Index Detector, we compared the main saponins extracted respectively from the fruits and the whole plant of Tribulus terrestris L. in quantity by RP-HPLC. RESULTS: Tigogeniin contents from herb and its fruit had distinct difference between them (P

Objective To investigate the extraction method of total flavonoids from the leaves of ficus lacor and the protec tive effects of extraction on the cellular damage to provide a basis for the research on the phamaceutical value of ficus lacor leaves.Methods The ethanol extraction method was adopted to extract the total flavonoids in the leaves of ficus lacor and the extraction efficiency was calculated with rutin as the standard.The rotenone induced human lung adenocarcinoma cellular damage served as the model,then the influencesof the extraction on the cellular viability,cellular morphology,production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis were researched.Results The extraction efficiency of total flavonoids in the leaves of ficus lacor by 60％ ethanol was 5.02％;the extraction at the concentration of 32 mg/L could significantly inhibit the decrease of cell viability,cellular shape change,ROS production and apoptosis of A549 cells induced by 100μg/L rotenone.Conclusion The ethanol extraction method can be used to extract the total flavonoids in the leaves of ficus lacor and the extraction has the protective effects on the A549 cellular dam age induced by rotenone,the leaves of ficus lacor have the potential for further researching its pharmaceutical value.