Adult ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of umbilical sticking therapy (UST) with Qitou Xiaugu Plaster (QXP) on hemodynamics of portal system in patients with liver cirrhosis.

METHODSOne hundred and twenty patients of liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension were assigned to two groups. On the basis of conventional therapy, UST was applied in the 66 patients in treated group, which was exchanged once every 3 days with an interval of 1-day rest. The 54 patients in the control group were orally administered with propanolol. The therapeutic course for both groups was 1 month. Before and after treatment, the hemodynamic changes in portal or splenic veins were observed by color Doppler ultrasonograph, and the changes of liver function, blood coagulation and patients' subjective symptoms were observed as well.

RESULTSAfter treatment, portal vein diameter and splenic vein diameter significantly decreased (P < 0.05, portal venous flow velocity and splenic venous flow velocity apparently increased (P < 0.05), and portal venous flow apparently decreased in both groups (P < 0.05), while no significant change was found in the splenic venous flow (P > 0.05). The liver function and blood coagulation indexes in both groups were improved. The improvement of clinical symptoms in the treated group was superior to that in the control group.

CONCLUSIONUST with QXP could decrease the portal vein pressure in a short time, with the therapeutic effect comparable to propanolol, and with no adverse reaction.

Adult ; Aged ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Hemodynamics ; drug effects ; Humans ; Hypertension, Portal ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Liver Cirrhosis ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Portal Pressure ; drug effects ; Portal Vein ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Splenic Vein ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Umbilicus ; blood supply ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo observe preventive and therapeutic effect of Yifei Jianpi Recipe (YJR) on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) model rats and to explore its mechanism from the way of airway inflammation and airway mucus hypersecretion.

METHODSThe COPD rat model was established by using cigarette smoking combined with intratracheal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Male SD rats were randomly divided into the blank control group (control group), the model group, the YJR group, 6 in each group. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 0. 1 second (FEV0. 1), FEVO. 1/FVC, peak expiratory flow (PEF) was tested by lung function device. Pathological changes of bronchi and lung tissues were observed by HE staining. Airway Goblet cells were observed using AB-PAS staining. Contents of IL-8, IL-17, and TNF-α in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Protein expressions of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), nuclear factor KB (NF-KB), mucin 5AC (Muc5AC), and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in rat airway were detected by immunohistochemical assay. mRNA expressions of TLR4 and Muc5AC in bronchi and lung tissues were detected by real-time quantitative PCR (RT qPCR).

RESULTSChanges of bronchi and lung tissues in the model group rats were consistent with typical pathological manifestations of COPD. Compared with the model group, the degree of lung injury was significantly alleviated in the YJR group. Compared with the control group, FVC, FEV0. 1, FEVO. I/FVC, and PEF were decreased (P <0. 01), contents of IL-8, IL-17, and TNF-α in BALF were significantly increased (P <0. 01), protein expressions of ICAM-1, NF-KB, Muc5AC, and TLR4, mRNA expression levels of Muc5AC and TLR4 in bronchi and lung tissues were also significantly increased in the model group (P <0. 01). Compared with the model group, FVC, FEV0. 1, FEV0. 1/FVC, and PEF were significantly increased in the YJR group (P <0. 01, P <0. 05), but the rest indices were significantly lowered (P <0. 01, P <0. 05).

CONCLUSIONYJR could decrease contents of IL-8, IL-17, and TNF-α in BALF of COPD model rats, inhibit protein expression levels of ICAM-1, NF-κB, Muc5AC, and TLR4.in airway and lung tissues, thus playing preventive and therapeutic roles by reducing airway inflammation and airway mucus hypersecretion.

Animals ; Bronchi ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Inflammation ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-17 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-8 ; metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Lung ; Male ; Models, Animal ; Mucin 5AC ; metabolism ; Mucus ; metabolism ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; drug therapy ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of oxaliplatin combined with low-molecular-weight citrus pectin (LCP) on cell proliferation and apoptosis in human colon carcinoma cell line HT29 in vitro.

METHODSEffects of oxaliplatin alone and oxaliplatin combined with LCP on HT29 cells proliferation were determined by MTT. Coefficient of drug interaction (CDI) was calculated. Influence of oxaliplatin alone and oxaliplatin combined with LCP on HT29 cell apoptosis was determined by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS). Protein expression change of procaspase-3, 8, 9, PARP was examined by Western blotting.

RESULTSBoth oxaliplatin alone and oxaliplatin combined with LCP could suppress HT29 cell proliferation in both dose- and time-dependent manner. The inhibitory effect of oxaliplatin combined with LCP on HT29 cell proliferation was more significant (P<0.01) with a CDI less than 1. FACS analysis showed that oxaliplatin alone and combination therapy could increase the apoptosis proportion of HT29 cells. After the drug treatment for 6, 24, and 48 hours, the apoptosis rate of oxaliplatin alone group was (9.76±0.47)%, (20.45±0.74)%, (28.70±3.29)%, and apoptotic rate of the combination group was (20.63±0.69)%, (34.35±1.02)%, (49.47±3.04)%, respectively, which was significantly higher as compared to oxaliplatin alone (P<0.01). Both oxaliplatin alone and combination therapy down-regulated expressions of procaspase-3, 9, and PARP protein. Procaspase-3, 9, PARP protein expression in combination group decreased more significantly, while procaspase-8 expression was not significantly different between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONLCP can enhance the ability of oxaliplatin to inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis, which may be associated with the activation of mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Colonic Neoplasms ; pathology ; HT29 Cells ; Humans ; Organoplatinum Compounds ; pharmacology ; Pectins ; pharmacology

Objective To explore the hurt of susceptibility organs and critical orgens followed by rotavirus (RV) infection of whole body in newborn mouse.Methods RV strain was derived from the stool samples of patients with RV diarrhea and was proved to be long type by methods of ELISA and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). RV was inoculated by the pathways of taking orally and injected to abdominal cavities,respectively. The pathological changes of the newborn mouse model infected with human natural RV by light microscope and electron microscope. The gene probe was marked by digoxin.The direct prove of RV infection in these organs was got by the detection of in situ PCR. Results Pathological changes were found in the small intestinal villus,lamina propria of the stomach and the heart cells of the mice taken RV orally.The mice with intraabdominal RV injection showed pathological changes of the cells in the small intestinal villus,liver and kidneys observed by electron microscope.Shortened small intestinal villus,nuclear membrane disorganization,massive vacuolization,mitochondrial swelling and rough endoplasmic reticulum dilation were observed in the cells of small intestinal.In the liver of the mice,marked mitochondrial swelling and agglutination,cell nucleus pyknosis or collapse,presence of numerous lipid droplets and vacuoles were found in the li-ver cells,with lymphocyte and plasmacyte infiltration.Obvious dilatation and shedding of the microvillus were found in cholangioles.The mitochondria of the proximal convoluted renal tubule showed mild swelling,but the cells in the heart and lung did not display obvious changes.Conclusion RV can damage lots of extra intestinal organs of the newborn mice if RV diffuses to the whole body of the mice.

Abstract: Objective　To understand the density changes and seasonal fluctuation of larvae and adults of Aedes albopictus in Hainan Province from 2017 to 2021, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of dengue fever and other vector-borne diseases in Hainan Province. Methods　The Breteau index method was used to monitor the larvae of Aedes mosquitoes, and the breeding sites of all small indoor and outdoor water containers and their larvae was checked and recorded. The adult mosquitoes were monitored by double lamination and light trap. Results　A total of 1 962 adult female Aedes albopictus mosquitoes were captured in Hainan Province from 2017 to 2021, accounting for 2.17% of the total captured mosquitoes. There were significant differences in mosquito species composition in different habitats in different years (χ2=312.258, P<0.01). In 2017, the density of mosquitoes in livestock sheds was the highest (9.71 per lamp·night), but the composition ratio of Aedes albopictus was the lowest (1.29%). In 2020, the mosquito density in hospitals was the lowest (2.22 mosquitoes per lamp·night), and in 2019, the proportion of Aedes albopictus in residential areas and hospitals was the highest (3.27% on average).The mosquito density in different habitats was the lowest in 2020. The proportion of Aedes albopictus in residential areas and livestock sheds showed an increasing trend from 2017 to 2021, while the proportion of other habitats showed significant fluctuations. The proportion of Aedes albopictus in hospitals showed an obvious decreasing trend in 2020. From 2017 to 2021, the average mosquito density was 5.97, 4.26, 3.82, 3.39 and 3.68 mosquitoes per lamp·night, respectively, showing a decreasing trend year by year except 2021. Except for 2019, the lure index also showed a decreasing trend, with an average value of 1.5/(hour·net), showing a decreasing trend year by year. From 2017 to 2021, the annual average density of Aedes albopictus in Hainan Province was 0.09 mosquitoes per lamp·night, showing obvious seasonal fluctuation. The Breteau index showed a slow decline from 2017 to 2021, and its annual peak was between June and August, which was 1-2 months later than the peak of adult mosquito density. Conclusions　The population density of Aedes albopictus in Hainan shows obvious seasonal characteristics. Mosquito control activities should be carried out according to the seasonal characteristics of mosquitoes to reduce the risk of dengue fever and other infectious diseases.

Background The experimental studies of venous thromboembolism (VTE) as an entity and the response of the pulmonary arterial endothelium after VTE are still rare.The objective of this study was to observe changes in the pulmonary arterial endothelium using a novel rat model of VTE.Methods Rats were allocated to the VTE (n=54) or control groups (n=9).The left femoral vein was blocked using a microvessel clip to form deep vein thrombosis (DVT).One,four or seven-day-old thrombi were injected into the right femoral vein to induce DVT-pulmonary thromboembolism (DVT-PTE).The rats were sacrificed 1,4 or 7 days later (Dn (1,4,7) Pn(1,4,7) subgroups (n=6)),and the lungs were examined using light and electron microscopy.Results On gross dissection,the rate of DVT formation was higher on day 1 (D1Pn:100％,18/18) than day 4 (D4Pn:83％,15/18; x2=5.900,P=0.015) or day 7 (D7Pn:44％,8/18; x2=13.846,P=0.000).On gross dissection,the positive emboli residue rate in the pulmonary arteries was lower in the D1Pn subgroup (39％,7/18) than the D4Pn (73％,11/15;x2=3.915,P=0.048) and D7Pn subgroups (100％,8/8; x2=8.474,P=0.004); however,light microscopy indicated the residual emboli rate was similar in all subgroups.Hyperplasia of the pulmonary arterial endothelium was observed 4 and 7 days after the injection of one-day-old or four-day-old thrombi.However,regions without pulmonary arterial endothelial cells and intra-elastic layers were observed one day after injection of seven-day-old thrombi.Conclusions This novel model closely simulates the clinical situations of thrombus formation and is ideal to study pulmonary endothelial cell activation.The outcome of emboli and pulmonary arterial endothelial alterations are related to the age and nature of the thrombi.

Objective: To investigate the applied feasibility of scaffold with modified PLA (Polymer of lactic acid) in tissue engineering. Methods:First, we adopted salting-in method to prepare porous foam scaffold. Then, we reconstructed tissue engineering skin by epidermal cells and fibroblasts combined with modified PLA. On the 14th day of cell culturing in vitro, we was a control. Results:The arfificial skin is composed of epidermis and dermis and similar to natural skin in appearance. The skin consists of fibroblasts and keratinocytes, which are in various proliferation and differentiation stages. Fibroblasts and keratinocytes distribute on the surface of polymer of lactic acid (PLA) and the number of fibroblast and keratinocyte increase. Conclusion:Dialdehyde starches (DAS) not only improve the function of PLA but also have good effects on cells. Moreover, it does not affect the growth and the metabolism of the cells. So it is feasible to use modified scaffold to construct tissue engineering skin.

OBJECTIVETo study the pulmonary toxicity to rats induced by the nanosized SiO(2) or the standard SiO(2).

METHODSSeventy-two male SD rats were divided into three groups: the nanosized SiO(2) group, the standard SiO(2) group and the control group. 24 rats each group. The nanosized SiO(2) group and the standard SiO(2) group were instilled intratracheally with 0.5 ml suspension of 0.6 mg/ml nanosized SiO(2) or standard SiO(2) respectively while the control group was instilled with 0.5 ml physiological saline. On the 3rd, 7th, 14th, and 28th day after exposure, six rats were sacrificed at each time point and the total white cells counts and total protein in BALF and the histopathological changes were observed. The pulmonary toxicities of the two SiO(2) dusts were compared.

RESULTSNanosized SiO(2) caused significant increase at 3rd, 7th, 14th day after the exposure [(16.0 +/- 6.0) x 10(6), (11.1 +/- 4.0) x 10(6), (12.2 +/- 4.6) x 10(6)] compared with saline (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) in the total numbers of white cells and on the 3rd after the exposure compared with standard SiO(2) [(5.7 +/- 3.7) x 10(6), P < 0.01]. Meanwhile, Nanosized SiO(2) significantly increased the total protein on the 14th, 28th day after the exposure (0.41 +/- 0.14, 0.41 +/- 0.19 g/L) compared with saline or standard SiO(2) and nanosized SiO(2) on the 3rd, 7th day after the exposure (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Nanosized SiO(2)-treated rats showed marked white cell infiltration in alveolar space or around brondum the blood vessel. Standard SiO(2) caused similar but less severe responses compared with nanosized SiO(2). Van Gieson's-stained sections showed no significant fibrosis in these dust-exposed rats at 28th day after the exposure.

CONCLUSIONNanosized SiO(2) can cause severer and longer pulmonary toxicity in rats than standard SiO(2). The pulmonary particle load threshold of nanosized SiO(2) may be lower than that of standard SiO(2).

Animals ; Male ; Nanoparticles ; toxicity ; Particle Size ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; chemically induced ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Silicon Dioxide ; toxicity

Objective To assess the efficacy of two antibiotic prophylactic regimens in a prospective randomized trial in 1 year for patients undergoing insertion of catheters,and to provide the evidence for uniform consensus existing on the timing,route,and choice of antibiotic.Methods During a period of 12 months,78 patients,who consecutively entered the peritoneal dialysis programme,[45 women and 33 men,mean age (48.2?15.7)years] were included.The prophylactic regimens were a single dose of ceftriaxone (1.0 g) given intravenously 30 minutes before surgery (Group A) and given cefazolin (0.25 g/L) i.p.in the each dialysis bag for 3 days postoperatively (Group B).All operations were performed in one room.The wound was observed every day,and body temperature,Count of white blood corpuscle and type,dialysate were examined every day. Results In Group A and B,none of the patients showed peritonitis or wound infection during the post-operative period (within 10 days).One of 39 patients(2.5%) in the group A,and 2 of 39 patients (5.1%) in the group B had exit site infection (P＞0.05).Conclusions There is no significant difference in the incidence of peritonitis and wound infection between two groups. Prophylactic preoperative single-dose antibiotics intravenously do as well as antibiotics given intraperitoneally for peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion,but is much more convenient.