OBJECTIVETo present a new neurovascular island flap for fingertip reconstruction.

METHODSBased on the transverse palmar branch of the digital artery, this flap was designed on the volar side of a digit and reversed to repair the fingertip defects.

RESULTS12 fingers in 11 patients were reconstructed using this flap. Of them, 11 flaps survived and one necrosed. The contour of the reconstructed fingers looked well.

CONCLUSIONThis new neurovascular island flap provides excellent padding and sensation for fingertip reconstruction. The technique is simple.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Finger Injuries ; surgery ; Fingers ; blood supply ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Skin Transplantation ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; Young Adult

This paper reviewed the worldwide research progresses of the genus Laggera both on phytochemical and pharmacological work in the past few decades. The main secondary metabolites of this genus are proved to be sesquitepenoids, flavonoids and phenolic acids. Phamacological investigations revealed that the certain extracts of some Laggera species possess significant bioactivities on anti-inflammation, anti-tumor and anti-viral infection. This review afforded the comprehensive description of the active components as to provide useful references to elucidate their historical clinical application on upper respiratory infection, influenza, parotitis, and recurrent herpes viral infection.
Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Antiviral Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Influenza, Human ; drug therapy ; Molecular Structure ; Parotitis ; drug therapy ; Phytotherapy ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Ranunculaceae ; chemistry ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; drug therapy ; Sesquiterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between physical and biological effects of alternating magnetic field and study the influence of the magnetic field on the reproductive function of murine testes.

METHODSThirty ICR mice were randomized into 5 groups: normal control, X-ray radiation, weak magnetic field (1000 Hz), 1 h strong magnetic field and 2 h strong magnetic field (2000 Hz). The mice were sacrificed at 7 days after the exposure for the analysis of testicular sperm motility, observation of histopathological changes in the testis by HE staining and evaluation of the changes by modified Johnsen grade criteria.

RESULTSThe rates of sperm motility were (42.37 +/- 10.24)% in the normal control group, (39.00 +/- 12.35)% in the X-ray radiation group, (36.00 +/- 17.28)% in the weak magnetic field group, (10.72 +/- 5.67)% in the 1 h strong magnetic field group and (4.44 +/- 2.87)% in the 2 h strong magnetic field group, respectively. Johnsen's scores decreased and the testis damage increased in a dose- and time-dependent manner.

CONCLUSIONMagnetic field, either strong or weak, may damage the testis function by inducing injury to seminiferous tubules and Leydig cells, thickening of the basal membrane, derangement, exfoliation, massive apoptosis and necrosis of spermatogenic cells in the lumen, situation of the epididymis, and consequently the absence of sperm.

Animals ; Electromagnetic Fields ; adverse effects ; Leydig Cells ; pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Sperm Motility ; Testis ; cytology ; pathology ; radiation effects

OBJECTIVETo investigate the T lymphocyte subgroups and the levels of serum zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), iron (Fe), copper (Cu) in patients with diarrhea type of irritable bowel syndrome (D-IBS).

METHODSA total of 30 D-IBS patients and 30 control subjects were enrolled in this study, and their peripheral blood samples were collected. The percentage of peripheral CD3, CD4, CD8 T lymphocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry, and the ratio of CD4/CD8 was calculated. Serum Zn, Fe and Cu levels were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry(AAS), and the Se level by atomic fluorometry.

RESULTCompared with control group,the percentage of CD4 T lymphocyte and the ratio of CD4/CD8 in D-IBS group were significantly lower (P<0.01). However, there was no significant difference in serum Zn, Se, Fe, Cu levels between two groups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe declines of peripheral blood CD4 T lymphocytes and the ratio of CD4/CD8 may suggest a cellular immune abnormality in D-IBS patients. There was no significant difference in trace elements levels between the two groups.

Adult ; CD4-CD8 Ratio ; Case-Control Studies ; Copper ; blood ; Diarrhea ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Iron ; blood ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; blood ; complications ; immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Selenium ; blood ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; immunology ; Trace Elements ; blood ; Zinc ; blood

OBJECTIVETo compare therapeutic effects between Kirschner wire fixation after early debridement (Kirschner wire group) and staged plate fixation (plate group) in the treatment of open calcaneal fractures.

METHODSFrom January 2001 to May 2008, 55 patients (58 feet) with open calcaneal fractures were reviewed,the mean age was 36.8 years(ranged, 19 to 65 years) and the average visit time was 3 hours (ranged, 30 min to 7 h). All the patients were divided into two groups: Kirschner wire group and plate group. There were 20 males (20 feet) and 9 females (9 feet) in Kirschner wire group, in which 15 feet were type I, 13 feet were type II, 1 foot was type III A according to Gustilo classification and 9 feet were type II, 18 feet were type III, 2 feet were type IV according to Sanders classification. The patients in Kirschner wire group were treated with early debridement, fracture reduction and Kirschner wire fixation, and the soft tissue defects were covered with VSD temporarily, and then were enveloped by skin or flap grafts at the second stage. There were 18 males (19 feet) and 8 females (10 feet) in the plate group, in which 13 feet were type I, 14 feet were type II, 2 feet were type III A according to Gustilo classification and 11 feet were type II,15 feet were type III, 3 feet were type IV according to Sanders classification. The patients in the plate group were treated with early debridement, and plate internal fixation with were performed when the wound became stabilization.

RESULTSTwenty-three feet (15 patients) in the Kirschner wire group and 22 feet (13 patients) in the plate group were followed, the duration ranged from 10 to 36 months, with an average of 24 months. Compared with preoperative ones, the heel height, width, Böhler angle and Gissane angle of calcaneal got improvements. According to AOFAS ankle-foot evaluation system, 11 feet got an excellent result, 8 good in the Kirschner wire group; 2 feet had wound local skin necrosis and cured by dressing; 1 foot had a large area of skin necrosis and deep infection; 1 foot had chronic osteomyelitis. All above 4 feet underwent arthrodesis later. As comparison, 7 feet got an excellent result, 4 good in the plate group; 2 patients had mild complications of wounds; 1 patient had chronic osteomyelitis after early debridement; 10 patients had wound complications after internal fixation, including 7 patients with skin necrosis, superficial infection in 3 patients. There were statistical significant in radiological indicators and AOFAS ankle-foot scores between two groups. But there were no significant differences in early postoperative complications between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONEarly debridement and Kirschner wire fixation for the treatment of open calcaneal fractures has fewer early complications, which is a simple, safe and effective method.

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Plates ; Bone Wires ; Calcaneus ; injuries ; surgery ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Fractures, Open ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To provide scientific evidence for prevention and control program on dengue fever through analyzing the situation of dengue fever in China,from 2005 to 2007.Methods Data was collected from Internet-based National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting System,National Enhanced Dengue Fever Surveillance system and field investigation on dengue outbreaks,described and analyzed with descriptively and by SPSS statistical software.Results There was a total number of 1 623 dengue cases(including 1356 laboratory confirmed cases and 267 probable cases)and 1 death case reported in China from 2005 to 2007.Among the identified cases,151 were imported from foreign countries as the Southeast Asian countries,accounting for 9.3%,while the rest 1472 cases were reported from local infections,identified only in 9 cities from Guangdong and Fujian provinces.Data from the monitoring program on Aedes Mosquitoes indicated that:The indicators of BI from 84.6% of the sentinels were over 5,and BI from 72.2% of the sentinels were over 10.This index was especially at a higher level during summer in the southern areas of China.Aedes albopictus was found in all the sentinel sites while Aedes aegypti was only found in Hainan and in limited counties of Guangdong.No dengue virus was isolated from mosquito vectors collected from national sentinel sites, whereas positive results had been detected by PCR test in Guangdong province.Conclusion It was assumed that a sustainable local circulation of dengue virus had not yet been established successfully in Mainland China according to the surveillance data.However,more local outbreaks reported in Guangdong and Fujian with the wide distribution and high-level density of aedes mosquito,low antibody level in healthy population and the increasing number of imported dengue cases, there is a potential of Dengue outbreaks in southera China.An integrated mosquito vector monitoring and management system is needed in hish risk area to reduce the transmission of dengue fever.

Objective To analyze the epidemiologic and surveillance data of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HERS) in China, from 2005 to 2008, to describe the epidemiology and trend of HERS. Methods Descriptive epidemiology were studied to analyze the surveillance data from 2005 to 2008, collected from both the internet-based national notifiable disease reporting system and 40 HFRS sentinel sites developed since 2005 in 40 counties around China. Results A total of 56 077 HERS cases and 692 deaths reported in China with case fatality rate as 1.23%. Morbidity and mortality had been annually decreasing since 2004. The top 7 provinces with HFRS cases were Heilongjiang, Lianning, Jilin, Shandong, Shaanxi, Hebei and Zhejiang, which had a total of 44 081 cases reported, accounting for 78.61% of the total number of cases, in the nation. More cases were reported in spring and autumn-winter season, with the peak in November. Cases reported in males were 3.13 times of the females and most cases seen in young and middle-aged farmers. The density and the virus carrying rate of animal hosts and the distribution of dominant species were relatively stable and similar to the previous findings. Apodemus agrarius and Rattus norvegicus were still the most common and predominant animal hosts. No genetic mutation of Hantavirus was detected in the surveillance program. Conclusion The continuous descending trend of the HERS epidemics could be related to the successful strategies on comprehensive prevention and control measures, as controlling the number of rodents and vectors, carrying out HERS vaccination campaign and health education by the local health care takers in the recent years. Implementation of the new national Expanded Program of Immunization on HFRS vaccine in high-risk areas may further reduce the epidemics. However,both the density and the virus carried rate among the host animals remain high in some areas, together with the emergence of new epidemic areas, all call for more attention to be paid on the disease.

Objective To analyze the surveillance data on hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) including the epidemiological characteristics and trend of the disease,in 2010.Methods Descriptive methods were conducted to analyze the surveillance data in 2010 which were collected from the internet-based National Notifiable Disease Reporting System and 40 HFRS sentinels in China.Results There were 9526 cases of HFRS reported in 2010 in the country with an annual morbidity of 0.71/105,which was higher than that reported in 2009.And the case fatality rate in 2010 was 1.24％.During the year 2010,most cases were reported in spring and autumn-winter season,with November as the peak month.The proportion of cases reported in autumn-winter season was higher than that in spring.The number of cases reported in males was higher than that in females among all the age groups,and similar pattern of mortality could be seen in most of the age groups.The percentage of cases over 60 years old had increased in recent years.Farmers were still under the highest risk.Density and the virus-carrying rate of animal hosts,as well as the infection rate were relatively stable and similar to the previous findings.As to the prevailing species,Apodemus agrarius and Rattus norvegicus were still the most common and leading animal hosts.However,the dominant species in sentinel of Yunnan were Rattus flavipectus and Eothenomys miletus respectively,and a new hantavirus called LUXV was found,namely Eothenomys miletus.Conclusion HFRS cases were widely distributed in most provinces of China,but cases mainly focus on certain areas and present the nature of aggregation.The risk of outbreak could not be ruled out for variety of factors.Population characteristics and seasonal fluctuation had been changing.

Objective Using simple quantitative methods to describe the seasonal distribution of rabies in different provinces of China and to analyze how it was influenced by geographical settings,to provide evidence for risk assessment and prediction of potential epidemics of rabies.Methods A total number of 17 800 clinical and laboratory confirmed rabies cases,reported by 29 provinces,from 2005 to 2011 and related data were collected from National Disease Reporting Information System.Data on related latitudes and longitudes of different provinces were obtained from the National Geographic Information Center.Excel 2003 was used to draw the national and provincial seasonal distribution curves while SPSS 18.0 was used to calculate parameters as P25,P50,P75,inter-quartile range Q and kurtosis so as analyze the linear correlation between P25,kurtosis and the latitude of different provinces respectively.Results The nation-wide incidence of rabies was low in February.The peaks fell in summer and autumn,especially in August.Seasonal distribution curves of P25,P50,P75,inter-quartile range (Q) and kurtosis were different among provinces.Compared to the low latitude areas,high latitude areas had higher P25,smaller Q and higher kurtosis.In 9 provinces where the annual reported number of cases more than 100,the related coefficients (r) between latitude and both P25,kurtosis were 0.9342 and 0.8528 respectively (P＜0.05).Conclusion There was a distinct seasonality of rabies occurrence in China which was correlated to the geographical settings which was more obvious in the higher latitude areas.

Aim To determine the effect of cornel iri-doid glycoside ( CIG ) on human hepatocyte cell line (L-02) injured by D-galactosamine (GalN) and tumor necrosis factor-α( TNF-α) .Methods Firstly, CIG was extracted , separated and purified . Cell lesion model injured by D-GalN/TNF-αwas tested by MTT method.T-AOC, SOD, MDA and calcium ion concen-tration were taken as indicators to study the effects of CIG on L-02 cell injured by D-GalN/TNF-α.The ex-pression of p-PERK, p-eIF-2α, caspase-3 protein were detected by Western blot .Results 44 mg · L-1 D-GalN and 100 μg · L-1 TNF-αwere suitable for L-02 cell lesion model.CIG high, middle, low concentra-tion group could significantly increase the L-02 cell ac-tivity by 21％, 13％, 8％, respectively and SOD activity and T-AOC ability as well compared with model group.At the same time, they markedly reduced the MDA activity except the low concentration .Three con-centrations of CIG could reduce the expression of endo-plasmic reticulum stress related protein PERK , eIF-2αand apoptosis-associated protein caspase-3. Conclu-sions CIG could protect L-02 cells injured by D-GalN/TNF-α.Increasing the cellular antioxidant abili-ty, reducing the damage of endoplasmic reticulum stress and the expression of apoptosis-associated protein may be the possible mechanism .