Microula Sikkimensis is a kind of plant only in China. Fatty acid composition of its seed oil was analyzed with a polar PEG-20M fused-silica capillary column GC combined with MS after the seed oil was saponified and methylated. 13 kinds of fatty acid methyl ester (FAMEs) were identified. The major constituents were found to be oleic acid 18.12%, linoleic acid 35.11%, ?-linolenic acid 8.33%, ?-linolenic acid 13.57% and stearidonic acid 1.21%.

Studies were made on the effect of protoporphyrin in treating the acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride ( CCl4 ) in rabbits and on the liver blood flow, biosynthesis of DNA and protein in liver of mice. The results showed that the protoporphy-rin was able to protect the liver remarkable as evidenced by his-tological studies. And it could inhibit the elevation of serum glut-amic-pyruvic transaminase ( SGPT ) , serum glutamic - oxaloacetic transaminase ( SGOT ) and serum ?-glutamyl- transpeptidase ( S?- GT)also. Protoporphyrin could regulate the metabolism of serum amino -acids in rabbits intoxicated by CCl4 as well. Furthermore,protoporphyrin can improve biosynthesis of DNA and liver protein and it may increase the blood flow in the liver of the mice.

Objective To investigate the changes of protein kinase C(PKC) activity in peripheral blood T lymphocytes of the children with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and the relationships between PKC activity and T lymphocytes activation and thrombocyte decrease.Methods Sterilized peripheral blood were collected from ITP children (n=35) and healthy children (n=30).T lymphocytes were isolated and purified by the T cell segregation enrichment column.The total PKC activity was detected by non-radioactive assay.FasL,the T cell activated marker,was determined by flow cytometer.Platelet count was performed by hematocytometer.Result Compared with healthy children,total PKC activity in ITP children was significantly enhanced (0.97?0.21 nmol/min.ml vs 0.60? 0.13 nmol/min.ml,?s,P

· AlM: To investigate the correlation of retinal vein occlusion ( RVO ) with blood lipids and carotid artery changes.
· METHODS: Forty cases ( 40 eyes ) with RVO who presented to Eye Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University between May 2013 and April 2014 were selected as the research objects. Proceeded blood lipids and color doppler ultrasonography examination, including total cholesterol ( TC ) , triglycerides ( TG ) , high -density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C ) , common carotid artery intima-media thickness, carotid plaques, internal carotid artery blood flow mechanics parameters were detected.Thirty eyes ( 30 cases ) were enrolled as control underwent above examinations.
·RESULTS:TC, TG, LDL-C of RVO group was obviously higher than those of the control group ( P<0.05), while HDL-C level was obviously lower than that of the control group ( P<0.05 ). lncidence of carotid artery plaque formation in RVO group was obviously higher than that in the control group. lntima-media thickness ( lMT ) of common carotid artery was obviously increased in RVO group (P<0.05).Both peak systolic velocity ( PSV) and end diastolic velocity ( EDV ) of internal carotid artery reduced (P<0.05), and Resistance index (Rl) increased (P<0.05).The eyes of the sick side and the contralateral carotid artery measured value had no statistical difference ( P >0.05 ) . There were also no statistical difference between ipsilateral and contralateral carotid artery measured value of control group (P>0.05).There were no differences in age, sex between RVO group and control group (P>0.05).
· CONCLUSlON: Lipid metabolism disorder, carotid artery changes is closely related to the pathogenesis of RVO.

Adolescent ; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drug Interactions ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Methotrexate ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; drug therapy ; Sex Factors ; Tetrahydrofolates ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence (TRAP),and investigate its prenatal evaluation and clinical management.Methods Karyotype results and ultrasound data of 25 TRAP cases were retrospectively reviewed,including estimated weight and umbilical blood flow of acardiac twin,cardiac function and middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity of pump twin.Various managements and the outcomes were analyzed.Results (1) Karyotype of amniotie fluid were tested in 16 pump twins.Mosaicism was found in 1 case (46,XX[36]/46,XY [14]).(2) According to the ultrasound evaluation,large acardia accounted for 87.0％ (20/23) cases.Abundant blood perfusion (inter-twin difference of umbilical resistance index ≤0.20) was indicated in 86.4％ (19/22) cases.Decompensation of cardiac function was suggested in 66.7％ (10/15) pump twins.Fetal anemia of pump twin indicated by middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity＞1.5 multiples of the median was diagnosed in 75.0％ (12/16) cases.(3) The acardiac twin with abundant blood perfusion was more likely to be a large acardia than those without [94.7％(18/19) vs 1/3,Fisher exact test,P=0.04]; More pump twin with large acardia tended to have cardiac decompensation than non-large acardia pump twins [83.3 ％ (10/12) vs 0/3,Fisher exact test,P=0.02].(4) Eleven patients chose to terminate their pregnancies after being diagnosed.In 14 cases who continue the pregnancies,the survival rate of pump twin was 64.3％ (9/14).In 3 cases of non-large acardia without cardiac decompensation of pump twin,the patients selected conservative observation resulting in 2 term deliveries and 1 termination of pregnancy due to for exacerbation.Among 11 cases with large acardia,which the pump twins were complicated by cardiac decompensation or anemia,five cases selected conservative observation.One ended in spontaneous abortion; three exacerbated (one termination and two cesarean section before term with living births) ; one was stable until delivery.Another 6 cases received bipolar cord coagulation,and successful interruptions of acardiac blood flow were achieved in 5 cases among which 4 pump twins survived.Conclusions Prenatal diagnosis,cardiac function and fetal anemia of pump twin,together with the growth and blood supply of acardia are important indexes for prenatal evaluation of TRAP,on which our prompt management should be based.

Objective To summarize our preliminary experience of selective fetieide with bipolar coagulation in complicated monochorionie twins(MCT),and discuss the clinical application of feticide in discordant MCT.Methods Three MCT with one twin anomaly.in which 2 had severe twin-twin transfusion syndrome(TTTS),stage Ⅳ ,and 1 had acardiac twin,were identified in the second trimester of pregnancy.To terminate the abnormal twin and isolate the co-twin's circulation completely.selective feticide was performed by umbilical cord occlusion with bipolar coagulation under guidance of ultrasound and fetoscopy.After each invasive procedure,serial monitoring was performed,including procedural complications,Doppler of fetal middle cerebral artery and umbilical artery.Pregnancies were followed up every 2 weeks for fetal growth until delivery.After birth the placentas and the terminated fetuses were examined.Result Cord occlusion was successfully accomplished in all 3 targeted fetuses,at 21,22 and 24 weeks of gestation respectively.One case with TTTS was complicated with rupture of the membrane in the terminated fetus at the 7th day after the procedure.and a healthy baby was born at 32 weeks.The other case with TTTS delivered a boy by cesarean section at 38 weeks.The third case with TRAP is at 35 weeks of gestations and under regular follow-up.Monochorionicity was confirmed by placental examination after delivery.and the effects of bipolar coagulation were observed at the,cord of terminated fetuses.Conclusions Umbilical cord occlusion witll bipolar coagulation is an effective procedure for selective feticide in MCT with one twin anomaly.The outcome of normal fetus can be favorable.

Objective To compare transabdominal and transcervical chorionic villus sampling (TC-CVS) in application for prenatal diagnosis, and to summarize the experience of transabdominal chorionlc villus sampling (TA-CVS). Methods One hundred and nine TA-CVS between April 2005 and November 2007 and 69 TC-CVS between August 1999 and March 2005 were retrospectively analyzed. Results ( 1 ) The mean gestational age was (12.4±1.9) weeks at TA-CVS and (8.8±1.2) weeks at TC-CVS (P< 0.01). (2) Compared with TC-CVS, punctures were fewer (1.4±0.5) and (1.1±0.4) and specimen amount was more (9±5) mg and (17±5) mg in TA-CVS, and the success rate of one puncture (62.3% vs 87.2% ) was higher in TA-CVS. (3)Among the cases followed up, the incidence of vaginal bleeding(TA-CVS: 2 eases, 2.0% ; TC-CVS: 2 cases, 6.1% ) and spontaneous abortion (TA-CVS: 4 cases, 4.0%; TC-CVS: 1 cases, 3.0%) were not significantly different between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion TA-CVS appears to be a good method for early prenatal diagnosis with a wide range of indications, high success rate and sufficient specimen.

Objectives Selecting and constructing the biofilm -model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro.Observing the antibacterial activity of using Micafungin alone , or combined with Meropenem against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( plankton-grown and biofilm-grown ) . Methods Ten clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were collected in July 2012, constructing the biofilm-model by microwell plate from Xiangya Hospital, Central South University.The ability of biofilm-formation of these strains was estimated by crystal violet colorimetric method, and optical microscope was used to observe the shape of the biofilm .MICs of Micafungin and Meropenem against plankton -grown and biofilm-grown Pseudomonas aeruginosa were tested by broth microdilution method, and the changes of MICs were compared.Using broth microdilution method, and connecting with the crystal violet colorimetric method , to observe the antibacterial effect of using Micafungin alone, or combined with antibiotics in the inhibition of the biofilm formation and destruction of mature biofilm of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.SPSS18.0 and t-test were used in comparing the differences between both treatment group and control group.P <0.05 showed the difference was statistically significant . Results Ten strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were successful in forming biofilms.Comparing with their planktonic counterparts, biofilms became more resistant to Meropenem , with the MIC raised 4-128 times. However, MIC of Micafungin could not be measured.Micafungin can inhibit the formation of biofilm in 9 experimental strains (PA1-PA9), where the minimum effective concentration of Micafungin were 156.25, 625, 10 000, 2 500, 1 250, 2 500, 1 250, 625 and 10 000 mg/L respectively.The absorbance values of the minimum effective concentration group and its positive growth control group were 0.342 ±0.020 vs 0.491 ±0.027, 0.512 ±0.018 vs 0.627 ±0.043, 0.862 ±0.021 vs 1.155 ±0.027, 0.731 ±0.028 vs 0.863 ± 0.017, 0.311 ±0.003 vs 0.447 ±0.021, 0.435 ±0.021 vs 0.597 ±0.011, 0.520 ±0.012 vs 0.605 ± 0.027, 0.611 ±0.059 vs 0.734 ±0.017, 0.223 ±0.011 vs 0.343 ±0.037 respectively, where the P values were 0.02, 0.03, 0.00, 0.01, 0.01, 0.00, 0.03, 0.01 and 0.03 respectively.The differences are statistically significant.Micafungin can damage the mature biofilm of 7 strains (PA1, PA2, PA4 -PA8), where the minimum effective concentration of Micafungin were 2 500, 2 500, 5 000, 2 500, 5 000, 2 500, 5 000 mg/L respectively.The absorbance values of the minimum effective concentration group and its positive growth control group were 1.459 ±0.014 vs 1.534 ±0.020, 1.279 ±0.020 vs 1.431 ±0.007, 1.365 ±0.024 vs 1.467 ±0.065, 1.322 ±0.028 vs 1.530 ±0.090, 0.920 ±0.004 vs 1.047 ±0.013, 1.860 ±0.005 vs 1.953 ±0.055, 1.407 ±0.005 vs 1.553 ±0.045 respectively, where the P values were 0.01, 0.01, 0.02, 0.01, 0.00, 0.03, 0.02.The difference is statistically significant.Micafungin combined with Meropenem applied in multiple drug resistant strains , which can inhibit the formation of biofilm better.Conclusions Micafungin can inhibit the formation Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm and damage the mature biofilms.Micafungin combined with Meropenem can act on multiple drug resistant strain , which may get a higher inhibition rate of the biofilm.

Objective To understand clinical distribution and antimicrobial resistance of clinically isolated Serratia marcescens(S .marcescens ),and provide basis for rational use of antimicrobial agents,as well as prevention and control of infection.Methods 427 S .marcescens strains isolated between January 1 ,2012 and December 31 ,2015 were analyzed,antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed by disk diffusion method.Results 427 S . marcescens strains were mainly from respiratory tract (70.26%),among which the majority were from sputum (64.87%).S .marcescens were primarily from intensive care unit(ICU,19.44%),department of integrated tradi-tional Chinese and Western medicine(15.46%)as well as rehabilitation department (13.58%).The resistance rates of S .marcescens to cefoperazone/sulbactam,ertapenem,cefepime,ceftazidime,amikacin,imipenem,levofloxacin, and piperacillin/tazobactam were all<10%;resistance rates to ciprofloxacin,gentamicin,tobramycin,ceftriaxone, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SMZ/TMP),and aztreonam were 10%-30%.Difference in the resistance rates of S .marcescens to cefoperazone/sulbactam,ciprofloxacin,ceftriaxone,amikacin,aztreonam,and SMZ/TMP dur-ing 4 years were statistically significant (P <0.05).In 2012-2013,resistance rates of S .marcescens to cefopera-zone/sulbactam,ciprofloxacin,ceftriaxone,aztreonam,and SMZ/TMP increased obviously,then resistance rates tend to be stable,while resistance rates to cefoperazone/sulbactam decreased.Conclusion Susceptibility of S.marcescens to most antimicrobial agents are high,but resistance had increasing tendency;susceptible rates of S .marcescens to ertapenem,ceftazidime,levofloxacin,and piperacillin/tazobactam are all high,and can be used as the empirical medication for the treatment of related infection.