This paper explored influences of situational teaching competition on improvement of pathology teaching effect.Students were grouped to create situational teaching works under teacher's guidance and finally competition was carried out.Teachers were invited to do the judgment and evaluation on pathology teaching was made through teachers' feedback and students' questionnaire survey.Results showed that during the process of situational teaching centered on students,teaching forms were diversified,teacher evaluation was high and students' responses were active.Application of situational teaching competition made exchanging the roles of teachers and students and teaching in joy,which on the one hand stimulated students' enthusiasm,initiative and creativity and on the other hand improved teaching level of teachers.Satisfactory teaching effects were achieved after using this method.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Arsenicals ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Diterpenes ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Epoxy Compounds ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans ; Oxides ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Phenanthrenes ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Quercetin ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of transvaginal hysterectomy(TVH) and laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy(LAVH).Methods The study retrospectively analyzed 75 cases of TVH(TVH Group) and 69 cases of LAVH(LAVH Group) from January 2004 to October 2004.All the patients were diagnosed as having benign uterine diseases,without uterine prolapse and less than 20 gestational weeks.Results Compared with the LAVH Group,the TVH Group had a shorter operative time(83.6?19.4 min vs 133.7?48.1 min;t=-8.317,P=0.000),less blood loss(116.4?55.3 ml vs 186.1?292.1 ml;t=-2.028,P=0.000),and lower total cost of operation(4733.27?577.81 yuan vs 7471.30?1042.17 yuan;t=(-19.702),P=0.000).There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative pyrexia between the TVH Group(4.0%,(3/75)) and the LAVH Group(8.7%,6/69)(?~2=0.670,P=0.413).Conclusions As compared with laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy,transvaginal hysterectomy has shorter operative time,less blood loss,and lower cost of operation.

HIV Infections ; virology ; HIV-1 ; physiology ; Virus Replication ; physiology

The effects of several factors on the chlamydospores production of Trichoderma aureoviride T-33 during the fermentation were researched.Based on the results above, the orthogonal test was made to screen out the best prescription.The results showed that, the best single-factor conditions for the chlamydospores production of T.aureoviride T-33 were, liquid culture of oat powder, 30℃, pH4.0, 120r/min, 24 hours oscillate incubating as well as liquid culture volume of 80mL/bottle when the 250mL size triangle bottle was used.The result of orthogonal test showed that, the best prescription for temperature, pH and oscillating speed was 30℃, pH4.0 and 140r/min.3.37?10~ 7 spore/mL chlamydospores were obtained at this combined condition.

Objective To investigate the effects of host factors and hepatitis B virus (HBV) factors on interferon treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB). Methods Polymerase chain reaction sequence specific primers (PCR SSP) technology was used to determine human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DR and DQ alleles in 32 patients with CHB. Serum HBV DNA level was quantified by a PCR assay with a low limit of detection of 1000 copies/ml. HBV genotypes, precore(A 1896 ) and core promoter(T 1762 A 1764 ) mutations was determined by PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR RFLP) analysis. Results The frequency of HLA DRB1*14 allele was higher in 10 responders to IFN treatment than in 22 non responders(20.0% v.s. 2.3%, relative risk(RR)=10.750, P =0.030); whereas that of HLA DQB1*07 is lower(10.0% v.s. 38.6%, RR=0.176, P =0.022). Pretreatment serum HBV DNA level in 10 responders was lower than that in 22 non responders (6.71?1.06 v.s. 7.59?0.56log 10 copies/ml, P =0.030). Patients with HBV genotype B infection had a higher response rate to IFN than those with HBV genotype C infection(53.8% v.s. 15.8%, P =0.049). Pretreatment serum ALT level, presences of A 1896 mutation and T 1762 A 1764 mutations had no difference between responders and non responders. Logistic multivariate analysis identified low pretreatment HBV DNA level(RR=0.212, P =0.034), presence of A 1896 mutation(RR=0.063, P =0.049) and HLA DQB1*07(RR=13.358, P =0.045) as independent factors associated with IFN antiviral response. Conclusions Low load of pretreatment serum HBV DNA and T 1762 A 1764 mutation in HBV genome or HBV of genotype B are associated with the response rate to IFN treatment in patients with CHB.

Objective To observe the effect of Chinese yam polysaccharide on the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in rats with renal ischemia reperfusion injury. Methods SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group and Chinese yam polysaccharide group. Renal ischemia reperfusion injury model in rats was prepared. Seven days before operation, Chinese yam polysaccharide group was gastrically administrated with yam polysaccharide (200 mg/kg) daily, sham operation group and model group with same volume of saline respectively. BUN and SCr were detected postoperative 6 h, the protein expression of HIF-1αin renal tissue was detected by Western Blot, and HIF-1αand VEGF mRNA expression in renal tissue were detected by RT-PCR. Results Compared with sham operation group, serum levels of BUN and SCr of model group and Chinese yam polysaccharides group increased (P<0.01), and the mRNA and protein expression of HIF-1α, mRNA expression of VEGF in renal tissue increased (P<0.01). Compared with model group, serum levels of BUN and SCr of Chinese yam polysaccharide group decreased (P<0.01), and HIF-1α mRNA and protein expression, VEGF mRNA expression in renal tissue increased (P<0.01). Conclusion Chinese yam polysaccharide has obvious protective effect on renal ischemia reperfusion injury, which may be related with up-regulation of HIF-1αexpression and induction of VEGF expression.

Objective To study the inhibitory effects of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on liver VX2 tumor in rabbits after intratumoral injection. Methods 40 rabbits with implantation of liver VX2 tumors were randomly divided into 4 groups and intratumorally injected with different preparations.Group A: (control group), 1 ml nomal saline containing 0.2% CMC-Na; Group B: ( 5-Fu group),20 mg/ml 5-Fu 1 ml; Group C: (Nano HAP), 20 mg/ml Nano HAP 1 ml; Group D: (5-Fu+Nano HAP), 20 mg/ml 5-Fu 1 ml and 20 mg/ml Nano HAP 1 ml. Ultrasonography was performed to measure liver tumor volume 7, 14, 21 d after treatment. Survival durations of the animals were recorded. Tumor tissues and liver tissues close to tumor were obtained and examined histologically.Results The average tumor volumes 7, 14 and 21 d after treatment were (4.93 ±0.76)cm3,(15. 67±2.75)cm3 and (52. 36±10. 57)cm3 in group A, (4. 16±0. 33)cm3 , (10. 26± 1.60)cm3 and (18. 89±4.65)cm3 in group B, (1.43±0.13)cm3 , (3.69±0.77)cm3 and (9.51±2.09)cm3 in group C, (2. 80±0.46)cm3 , (3. 77±0. 91)cm3 and (8. 46±0.95)cm3 in group D respectively. The average tumor volumes of groups B, C and D were significantly smaller than that of group A in the same time phases after treatment. The life span of group C was longer than that of other three groups, and there was no statistically significant difference between group B and group D, although the two groups were significantly longer than group A. Blood flow was not detected by color Doppler or power Doppler in group C and group D. Pathological examination showed that there was obvious intratumoral necrosis in group C and D. Tumor in group B exhibited thoroughgoing necrosis. Conclusion Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles intratumoral injection is safe and feasible for treatment of liver tumor. Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles can exert a significant inhibitory effect on liver VX2 tumor growth in rabbits without liver toxicity.

Objective To investigate cholecystokinin (CCK),carbachol, and vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP)stimulating peptide chain elongation in mouse pancreatic acini in vitro and its molecular mechanism. Methods ~3H-lecucine incorporation assay was used to measure the basal and secretagogues-stimulated pancreatic acini elongation rates. Western blot was applied to analyse the effect of phosphorylation of the elongation factor 2 (eEF2) and the eEF2 kinase. MEK inhibitor (PD98059), SAPK/p38 inhibitor (SB202190), and mTOR inhibitor (rapamycin) were used to respectively block MEK, SAPK/p38, and mTOR intracellular pathways or the phosphatase inhibitor (calyculin A) pretreatment before CCK treatment. Results All secretagogues except VIP increased the peptide chain elongation in mouse pancreatic acini in vitro. All secretagogues except VIP inhibited the phosphorylation level of eEF2 on Thr-56 and increased the phosphorylation level of eEF2K on Ser-366, which might correlate with their activation status. MEK inhibitor PD98059 partially reversed the dephosphorylation of eEF2 induced by CCK, as did treatment p38 MAPK inhibitor SB202190, mTOR inhibitor rapamycin, and the phosphatase inhibitor calyculin A.Conclusion CCK increases peptide chain elongation via inducement of dephosphorylation of eEF2 and eEF2 kinase phosphorylation in pancreatic acini in vitro. CCK-induced dephosphorylation of eEF2 in pancreatic acinar cells involves MEK, SAPK/p38, and mTOR, the three intracellular pathways.

AIM: To observe the comparison of vitrectomy combined drug therapy ( Ranibizumab injection ) and single vitrectomy for proliferatived diabetic retinopathy ( PDR ) and the influence of the curative effect and prognosis of patients.
METHODS:In this study, 112 cases (125 eyes) with PDR were selected and randomly divided into experimental group and control group ( n= 56 ) . Fifty-six cases ( 61 eyes ) in experimental group were injected by drug therapy of 0. 5mg ranibizumab and received vitrectomy;In control group, 56 cases ( 64 eyes ) were received single vitrectomy. The intraoperative and postoperative differences of clinical indicators were analyzed in two groups.
RESULTS: The average operation time, intraoperative electric coagulation hemostasis rate and iatrogenic hiatal incidence of the experimental group were lower than that of the control group:(95. 00±13. 00) min vs (133. 00±14.5) min, 11% vs 34%, 5% vs 20%, respectively (P<0. 05). The anterior chamber and vitreous body cavity hemorrhage rate within postoperative 1mo in the experimental group were lower than that of the control group:7% vs 23%, 5% vs 12%, respectively (P<0. 05). The postoperative visual acuity of experimental group was better than that of the control group:0. 375±0. 210 vs 0. 261±0. 170, respectively (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION: Patients with PDR injected with ranibizumab in vitreous cavity before vitrectomy can effectively reduce the operation time, less intraoperative blood loss, the incidence of iatrogenic hiatus, and intraoperative and postoperative complications. The postoperative visual acuity was better than before.