Actins ; metabolism ; Adult ; Glomus Tumor ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Trachea ; pathology ; Tracheal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Tracheotomy ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Arthralgia ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Syndrome ; Tendon Injuries ; diagnosis ; therapy

Objective To employ intraoperative discography to determine the injured intervertebral disc segments that can not be identified on the preoperative MRI in patients with cervical spinal cord injury without fracture and dislocation for confirming the responsible segments needing surgical decompression and fusion.Methods The study involved 85 patients with cervical spinal cord injury without fracture and dislocation treated from January 2007 to December 2011,among which sixteen patients had not been identified with the responsible segments by preoperative MRI.The average preoperative Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score was (9.1 ± 1.8) points.There was no obvious fracture or dislocation of the cervical spine on preoperative X-ray film,CT and MRI,but all patients displayed high intense signal in cervical spinal cord on MRI T2 weighted imaging.Besides,MRI revealed hemorrhagic swelling of anterior cervical soft tissue in nine patients and cervical intervertebral disk hernia in all patients.Annulus fibrosus rupture of cervical intervertebral disc with contrast leakage in intraoperative discography of suspected injury segments in all patients under direction of C-arm X-ray machine was set as the injury criterion.The patients with pure ruptured discs received cervical discectomy,interbody fusion and titanium plate fixation.The patients associated with multilevel cervical intervertebral disc hernia or ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament underwent anterior cervical corpectomy,bone graft with titanium cageand titanium plate fixation of ruptured discs.Results Nineteen injured discs were identified eventually by discography,including 2 discs at C3/4,4 at C4/5,8 at C5/6 and 5 at C6/7.Moreover,anterior annulus fibrosus rupture with intact anterior longitudinal ligament was found in 11 patients.The follow-up lasted for (24.4 ± 10.0) months.JOA scores were (13.3 ± 1.5) points and (14.5 ± 1.6) points at two weeks and three months after operation,and (15.1 ± 1.5) points at the last follow-up,indicating a relevant improvement rate of 53％,68％ and 76％ respectively.Mean operation time was 110 minutes and blood loss was 120 ml.Three patients had pain on shoulder and back and one patient had hoarse voice,but all the patients were relieved in two weeks after conservative treatments.No serious complications,such as deep infection,deterioration of neurological dysfunction,vertebral artery injury or internal fixation failure were noticed intra-or post-operatively.Conclusion For the intradiscal rupture that is hard to be determined by the conventional imaging methods,intraoperative discography can be used as an auxiliary method of imaging diagnosis in early surgical determination of responsible segments for cervical spinal cord injury without fracture and dislocation.

Child ; Humans ; Rotavirus Infections ; virology ; Viremia

Objective To analyze the surgical treatment options and its results for thoracic and thoracolumbar disc herniation.Methods From June 2004 to December 2009,thirty-one patients of thoracic and thoracolumbar disc herniation with or without ossification of ligament flavum were surgically treated,including 22 males and 9 females,with a mean age of 54 years(range,24 to 71 years).According to Anand and Regan clinical classification,there was type 2 for 1 case,grade 3a for 2,grade 3b for 3,grade 4 for 6,and grade 5 for 19.The neurological status was Frankel B for 2 cases,C for 6,D for 11,and E for 12.Anterior surgeries were performed for 18 patients without ossification of ligament flavum.Anterior decompression was performed through the resection of posterior part of vertebral body,or subtotal resection of vertebral body,followed by strut graft and internal fixation.Posterior surgeries were performed for 13 patients with disc herniation and ossification of ligament flavum.The resection of hemi-articular process and total laminectomy was performed.Results The complications of 18 patients with anterior surgery included laceration of dura mater in 1 case,nerve root sleeve injury in 1 case,intercostal neuralgia in 3 cases,atelectasis in 1 case,and femoroiliac numbness in 2 cases.The complications of 13 patients with posterior surgery included intra-canal hematoma in 1 cases,leakage of cerebrospinal fluid in 2 cases,infection of incision in 1 cases,and pneumonia in 1 case.The patients were followed for 18 months(range,6 to 48 months).At final follow-up,the neurological status and local symptom improved in all patients,with Frankel C for 3 cases,D for 7,and E for 21;and Anand and Regan type 1 for 2 cases,2 for 1,3a for 1,4 for 2,5 for 10 and no symptom for 15.Conclusion For thoracic and thoracolumbar disc herniation,anterior surgery is suitable for patients mainly suffered anterior cord compression.Resection of posterior part of vertebral body or subtotal resection of vertebral body is often needed for sufficient decompression.Posterior surgery is suitable for patients with anterior and posterior cord compression due to ossification of ligament flavum,and the decompression can be obtained by resection of hemi-articular process and total laminectomy.

Objective To investigate the immunity effects of quorum sensing in the pulmonary infection in rats due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Method(1)300 healthy,clean Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups randomly:two different Pseudomonas aeruginosa(the wide-type Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and its double mutant PAO-JP2,in which the quorum sensing systems were defective,embedded in minute seaweed algiante beads which was made by an ejection set with an acuminate hole were inoculated to Sprague-Dawley rats to establish animal model of chronic pulmonary infection.The control group were dealed with the same methods using the sterile brine instead.(2)The levels of antibody IgG,IgM,IgG1,IgG2a to Pseudomonas aeruginosa in sera and cytokines including interferon-?(IFN-?),Interleukin-4(IL-4)in lung homogenate was measured at 3,7,14,28 days after infection.Results(1)The mortality in the PAO1-JP2-infected group(11.0%)was significantly lower than that of the PAO1-infected group(29.7%)and the control group(4.21%).(2) Compared with the PAO-JP2 group,during the early stages of infection(3 days after infection),the IFN-?level in lung homogenates was significantly higher;during the middle stages of infection(7 days after infection),the levels of IFN-?and IL-4 of PAO1-infected rats were significantly higher;In the later stages of infection(14 to 28 days after infection),levles of IFN-?,IgG2a were lower,while levels of IL-4,IgG,IgG1 were higher persistantly in PAO1-infected rats.Conclusions Quorum sensing system play an important role in pathogenesis and immunity effects of pseudomonas aeruginosa infection via modulating the expression of virulence factors and interfering with the immune system of hosts.

The effects of several factors on the chlamydospores production of Trichoderma aureoviride T-33 during the fermentation were researched.Based on the results above, the orthogonal test was made to screen out the best prescription.The results showed that, the best single-factor conditions for the chlamydospores production of T.aureoviride T-33 were, liquid culture of oat powder, 30℃, pH4.0, 120r/min, 24 hours oscillate incubating as well as liquid culture volume of 80mL/bottle when the 250mL size triangle bottle was used.The result of orthogonal test showed that, the best prescription for temperature, pH and oscillating speed was 30℃, pH4.0 and 140r/min.3.37?10~ 7 spore/mL chlamydospores were obtained at this combined condition.

Objective To understand the correlation between TCM service utilization and health behavior of community residents.MethodsAself-designed questionnaire about TCM service utilization and health behavior status was used to investigate 200 people from 4 communities on random sampling. The items in the questionnaire were evaluated and analyzed to test the correlation of TCM service utilization and health behavior of community residents.Results The two indexes significantly correlated in 0.01 level (bilateral),r=0.674, bilateralP=0.000.Conclusion The correlation between TCM community service utilization and health behavior status is positive. The higher the level of TCM community services utilization is, the higher the index value of health behavior status will be.

Objective To study the onset,treatment,prognosis and possible causes of transient quadriplegia shortly after anterior cervical compression and fixation (within four hours postoperatively) in three patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy who could function well for limbs after anesthesia awakening from the operation. Methods A retrospective study was carried out on medical data of three patients including two males and one females,at age of 41-61 years.Anterior cervical corpectomy,titanium mesh bone fusion and titanic plate fixation were performed under general anesthesia.The decompression segment was C5 in one patient,C6 in one and C5 plus C6/7intervertebral disc in one respectively.Paralysis occurred between 30 minutes and 4 hours postoperatively.Two patients were with complete paralysis and one with incomplete. All the patients received dehydration,neurotrophic drugs and high-dose methylprednisolone therapy immediately after paralysis. Meanwhile,emergent cervical MRI was performed,which showed spinal cord swelling,without obvious spinal cord compression by hematoma.Results The paralysis was alleviated completely in two patients within two hours after early medication without additional surgical compression.The other one patient was recovered incompletely at 24 hours after medicationand then underwent posterior cervical laminoplasty,when tremendous pressure was released from cervical spinal cord.But the spinal function had significant recovery after surgical compression and won complete recovery one week later. Conclusions Besides spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury,the transient paralysis after anterior cervical surgery may be associated with cervical spinal cord swelling and limited anterior decompression space.Early diagnosis and early intervention of paralysis may save the spinal cord function and attain a satisfactory prognosis.

Objective To evaluate the effect of en bloc open-door laminectomy and pedicle screw fixation for extremely severe cervical ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL).Methods From January 2007 to December 2011,16 cases of serious cervical OPLL were treated,in which there were 13 males and 3 females,aged from 45 to 74 years (average,56.5 years).Spinal cord functional deterioration was related to minor activities of the neck,such as sneeze,cough or hyperextension of the neck,in 15 cases.One case suffered from aggravating neurological symptoms without a definite precipitating factor.The average preoperative Japanese Orthopaedic Score (JOA) was 7.1 ±1.8.Preoperative CT scans displayed the average stenotic rate (thickness of OPLL/sagittal diameter of the spinal canal) was 83.7％.All the patients received en bloc laminectomy and pedicle screw fixation of the cervical spine.Results All the patients were followed up for 3 months to 4 years (average,24.4±10 months).The JOA scores at 2 weeks,3 months,and the last follow-up postoperatively were 13.2±1.7,13.5 ±1.6 and 14.1 ±1.5,respectively; the improvement rates were 61.6％,64.6％ and 70.7％,respectively.The operative time ranged from 80 to 150 minutes (average,130 minutes),and blood loss ranged from 150 to 600 ml (range,300 ml).One case of postoperative wound hematoma,1 case of cerebrospinal fluid leakage and 3 cases of trapezius muscle pain occurred in this group.No serious complications,such as deep infection,deterioration of neurological dysfunction,vertebral artery injury and internal fixation failure,were noticed.Conclusion Owing to the minimum interference to the cervical spinal cord,stabilization of the decompressed segments and maintenance of cervical lordosis,en bloc open-door laminectomy and pedicle screw fixation is suitable for extremely severe cervical OPLL.