Objective To evaluate the osteogenic potential of selected exercises and determine which one has the greatest value for the elderly.Methods Twenty healthy old subjects were recruited in the study.Each subject performed the following four exercises in random order:stepping onto a 4-in riser (STEP),sit-to-stand (STS),jumping (JUMP) and marching (MARCH).The subjects performed successively each of the 4 exercises for 1 minute,with an interval of 3 minutes between each.The Vicon action capture system was used to record the peak ground reaction of the subjects during their exercises.The osteogenic index (OI) was calculated by the formula:OI=peak GRF/ (body weight×9.8) × In (number of loading cycles±1).Results JUMP and MARCH had superior OI value (7.52 ±2.06,6.51 ±1.59) than STEP (5.22 ±0.63) among the4 exercises (P＜0.05).STS was found to have the lowest OI (2.23 ± 0.42) in the elderly.There was no significant correlation between the height and OI in JUMP and MARCH (P ＞0.05).Conclusion STEP and MARCH had the higher OI value and could be deemed as the better ways to induce positive effects on bone health in the elderly population.

The author of the article makes all-around expectation of continuous medical education development in our country from the ten aspects such as its role in medical reform and medical development,perfecting its construction,intensifing the demand-orientation,making scientific and informationized management.improving the quality of education and modernization of its means,conducting theoretical and practical study to generalize new theory and methods and promoting the international communication and cooperation.

Neovascularization plays an essential role in the process of renovation in tissue damage,tumor growth, and hormones action. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is one of the basic hormones that regulate the serum calcium, phosphorus, and bone metabolism. In recent years, studies involving the neovascularization-mediated effects of PTH on metabolism are becoming more and more popular and wider. Based on recent researches, the purpose of this paper is to summarize the changes of angiogenesis while PTH interacts with its target organs, especially interacts with osseous tissue.

Agriculture ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; analysis ; Radiation Dosage ; Radon ; adverse effects ; analysis ; Seasons

Accidents, Occupational ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Ammonia ; poisoning ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Young Adult

Objective To discuss the safety and clinical effect of fine needle single-step centesis in percutaneous endoscopic nephrolithotomy for renal staghorn calculi. Methods Percutaneous endoscopic nephrolithotomy with fine needle single-step centesis was employed in 75 patients (single-step group) with renal staghorn calculi, and percutaneous endoscopic nephrolithotomy with two-step centesis was adopted in other 75 patients with renal staghorn calculi (two-step group). The clinical effect and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups. Results The placement of drainage catheter was successfully accomplished in all 150 patients. In single-step group the operation time was 18-45 minutes with a mean of 36 minutes; the mean blood loss during the procedure was about 5 ml. After the treatment, massive bleeding occurred in 3 cases that needed blood transfusion, and residual stone was observed in 6 cases. In two-step group the operation time was 16-42 minutes with a mean of 34 minutes; the mean blood loss during the procedure was about 7 ml. After the treatment, massive bleeding occurred in 7 cases that needed blood transfusion; one of them had renal pseudoaneurysm and the bleeding was stopped after renal artery embolization treatment; and residual stone was observed in 7 cases. No procedure-related perirenal organ injury was seen in single-step group, while in two-step group pneumothorax (n=1) and injury of splenic flexure of colon (n=1)were found. Conclusion In performing percutaneous endoscopic nephrolithotomy, fine needle single-step centesis is more safe and effective than conventional two-step centesis.

Objective:To compare the therapeutic and adverse effects of concurrent raltitrexed plus oxaliplatin and radiotherapy with those of PF synchronous radiotherapy in the treatment of advanced esophageal cancer. Methods:A total of 84 pathologically con-firmed patients with advanced esophageal carcinoma were randomly distributed to the concurrent raltitrexed plus oxaliplatin and ra-diotherapy group (experimental group, n=40) and to the PF synchronous radiotherapy group (control group, n=44). All patients were treated with 3DCRT at a total dose of 60 Gy/30f. The chemotherapy in the experimental group consists of raltitrexed at 2.5 mg/m2, d1, plus oxaliplatin at 130 mg/m2, d2. The chemotherapy of the control group consists of DDP at 25 mg/m2, Dd1-3, plus 5-FU 500 mg/m2, d1-5. Two cycles of concurrent chemotherapy were administered during radiotherapy on d1 and d29. The comparison results were used to estimate the therapeutic and adverse effects of the two groups. Results:The rerponse rate, complete response, and one-year overall survival rate of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group [(87.50%vs. 79.54%, P=0.3293), (32.50%vs. 18.18%, P=0.13), and (82.50%vs. 79.50%, P=0.701)], but the difference was not statistically significant. The incidence rates of nau-sea and vomiting, appetite degression, leucopenia, radiation-induced esophagitis, and cardiotoxicity were significantly lower (P<0.05) in the experimental group than in the control group. Other adverse effects of the two groups were similar (P>0.05). Conclusion:Simi-lar to PF chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the concurrent raltitrexed plus oxaliplatin and radiotherapy achieved a similar short-term therapeutic effect but lower adverse effects on patients with esophageal cancer.

BACKGROUND: A good many researches believe that the gene polymorphism of vascular endothelia nitric oxide synthase(eNOS) correlate with diseases of heart, brain and kidney. However, it is still not clear whether eNOS Glu298Asp correlates with myocardial infarction in the elderly Chinese.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the distribution of Glu298Asp polymorphism of vascular eNOS in the elderly as well as correlation between Glu298Asp polymorphism of eNOS and myocardial infarction in the elderly Chinese.DESIGN: A case-controled study based on diagnosis.SETTING, PARTICIPANTS and METHODS: A total of 37 patients with myocardial infarction were selected into case group, which all of them were patients from either outpatient department or inpatient department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. Thereinto, 20 cases without hypertensive history were allocated into case subgroup. Totally 172 subjects selected from the re-testees of physical checkup of our hospital were assigned into control group, of which 92 cases without hypertensive history were allocated into control subgroup. Indices like height, body mass and fasting blood sugar were detected respectively in all participants of all groups. The polymorphism of Glu298Asp of eNOS gene was assayed by polymerase chain reaction(PCR), and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RELP).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The polymorphism of Glu298Asp of eNOS gene as well as the allelic frequency of 298Asp in the elderly of four groups.RESULTS: Genotype of Glu/Asp of the case group was higher than that of the control group(32.43% and 18.02% respectively) . The genotype composition of Glu298Asp polymorphism had significant difference between the case group and the control group(x2 = 3.87, P < 0. 05) . Between normotensive subgroups, Genotype Glu/Asp of the case subgroup was higher than that of the control subgroup(35.00% and 10. 87% respectively) . The genotype composition of Glu298Asp polymorphism of the eNOS gene also had significant difference between the case subgroup and the control subgroup (x2 = 7.43, P < 0.01) . The allelic frequency of 298Asp of the case group was higher than that of the control group without statistical significance (16. 22% and 9.01% respectively, P > 0. 05) . Between normotensive subgroups, the allelic frequency of 298Asp of the case subgroup was significantly higher than that of the control subgroup(17.50% and 5.43% respectively, x2 = 6.82, P < 0.01 ) ).CONCLUSION: Glu298.Asp polymorphism of the eNOS gene exists in the elderly Chinese. The genotype of Glu/Asp and allelic frequency of 298Asp might be a genetic susceptible marker of myocardial infarction in the elderly Chinese.

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum uric acid ( SUA) concentration and urinary albumin excretion rate ( UAER) and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitua (T2DM). Methods The clinical data of 372 patients with T2DM. including 184 males and 188 females, were collected. The correlations between SUA and the other clinical indexes were analysed by Pearson method, and multiple regression analysis was employed to examine the effects of various factors on UAER and CIMT. Results SUA concentration was higher in males than in females with T2DM (P <0. 01). and was positively correlated with UAER both in males and females with T2DM, even after adjustment for the creatinine clearance (r = 0.24, P < 0.01 for males; r = 0. 29, P < 0.01 for females). Positive correlation was found between SUA concentration and CIMT in females (r =0. 29, P < 0. 01). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that SUA concentration was an independent determinant of UAER for males as well as females (β=0.16, P<0.05 for males; β=0. 20, P < 0. 05 for females), and was also an independent determinant of CIMT for females (β =0.16, P <0.05). Conclusion SUA plays an important role in the progression of diabetic nephropathy and cardiovascular diseases in patients with T2DM. SUA control may provide a novel approach for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy and vascular complications.

Objective To discuss influence of early rehabilitation nursing on rehabilitation effect of patients after heart valve replacement.Methods 60 patients with heart valve replacement were divided into the rehabilitation group and the control group with 30 patients in each group.The control group was given normal nursing and self-exercise ad libitum.Based upon the above,the rehabilitation group was given systemic and normative rehabilitation nursing according to programs established for each individual.The incidence of complications,guardianship time and hospitalization time were compared between the two groups.Results The incidence of complications of the patients in the rehabilitation group was much lower than the patients in the control group.And the time of the patients in the rehabilitation group in ICU and hospitalization time was shorter than the patients in the control group.Conclusions Early rehabilitation care can effectively reduce the incidence of complications after cardiac surgery,promote recovery of cardiac function,also can improve the quality of life of patients.