Diplopia ; etiology ; Enophthalmos ; etiology ; Exophthalmos ; etiology ; Facial Nerve Injuries ; etiology ; Hemorrhage ; etiology ; Humans ; Intraoperative Complications ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Orbit ; blood supply ; surgery ; Orbital Fractures ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; Reflex, Trigeminocardiac ; Vision, Low ; etiology

Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; physiology ; Humans ; Immunity ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; physiology

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery is an interdisciplinary speciality,it includes cosmetic surgery,oculo- plastic surgery and orbital surgery.The current mainly problems and strategies will be discussed in this paper,the status and progresses of cosmetic surgery,including cosmetic eyelid surgery,anesthetic injection methods,and laser facial rejuvenation.Present existing prob- lems and their countermeasures in ocnloplastic surgery,including eyelid malignant tumor,eyelid defects,blepharospasm and anoph- thalmic socket disorders.Problems and management of orbital surgery,ineluding thyroid-associated orbitopathy,orbital fractures,and orbital deformities.At last,the mainly problems and corresponding measures of development of ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery will be discussed.(Ophthalmol CHN,2007,16:365-367)

Objective To investigate the eyelid and orbital development of congenital microphthalmia. Design Prospective case se- ties. Participants 23 eyes of 23 patients with congenital microphthalmia aged from 6 months to 78 months. Methods The parameters of palpebral fissure length (PFL), palpebral fissure height(PFH) were measured in all patients. Also, combining the computer tomography (CT) imaging with the computer-aided design system, the anteroposterior axis of eyeball and orbital volumn were calculated automatically. To e- valuate the influence factor of eyelid and orbital growth, correlations between age, anteroposterior axis of eyeball and PFL, PFH, orbital volumn were analyzed. Main Outcome Measures PFL, PFH, anteroposterior axis of eyeball and orbital volumn. Results The PFL, PFH, anteroposterior axis of eyeball and orbital volumn in micro-side were (16.44?3.24) mm, (2.47?1.48) mm, (11.99?3.33) mm, (14.19?2.37) ml respectively. These parameters above were all significantly smaller than the unaffected side (all P=0.000). Moreover, orbital volume showed a strong linear correlation with the anteroposterior axis of eyeball and age(r=0.62, 0.63;p=0.037, 0.035). Both PFL and PFH were corelated with the anteroposterior axis of eyeball (r=0.54, 0.53; P=0.030,0.034), while showing no significant difference with age. According to the an- teroposterior axis of eyeball, two groups, including group less than or equal to 12 mm (10 cases) and group more than 12 mm (13cases), whose PFL,PFH and orbital volumn were (13.50?1.97) mm, (1.08?0.66) mm; (12.73?0.95) ml, (18.20?2.49) mm; (3.30?1.16) mm, (15.05?2.57) ml, respectively. They had statistically significant difference in PFL, PFH and orbital volumn (P=0.001, 0.003,0.024). Conclusion The development of eyelid and orbit with congenital microphthalmia is obviously retarded. The smaller the eyeball is, the much worse in- fluence in eyelid and orbital growth is. The intervention therapy in early stage as far as possible is fundamental approach in simulating the eyelid and orbital development, or preventing and reducing the incidence of orbital deformity.

Objective To investigate the indications and surgical approaches of full-thickness eyelid reconstruction with superficial temporal artery island flap and oral mucosa free grafting,and evaluate the safety and efficacy.Methods A total of 13 eyes of 13 patients with wide full-thickness eyelid defect were treated by the eyelid reconstruction with superficial temporal artery island flap and oral mucosa free grafting.The defect area was(33.67?8.35) mm?(16.44?4.45) mm and the size of island flap was(38.56?8.99)mm?(18.44?4.00)mm.Eight cases were treated with oral lip mucosa grafting,while the other 5 with hard plate muco-periosteal free grafting.Follow up was conducted for 6 to 24 months. Results The flaps were clinically viable in 10 cases and partially viable in 2.One was inviable for venous circumfluence failure,and a successful free skin grafting was conducted 3 months postoperation.All the grafted oral mucosa survived.Five cases underwent the second surgery to thin the island flap,among whom 3 were performed eyelid suspension with the frontal muscle.The survived flaps were similar to skin in colour,soft in nature,and could effectively protect the eyeballs. Conclusion The superficial temporal artery island flap along with oral mucosa free grafting works well in wide full-thickness eyelid reconstruction.

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of thyroglobulin(Tg)mRNA in peripheral blood samples of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma(DTC)after remnant ablation.Methods Tg mRNA Was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)in peripheral blood of 162 patients.SPSS 13.0 was used for date analysis.Results The Tg mRNA assay had higher sensitivity than the conventional serum Tg measurement[86.61%(97/112)vs 53.57%(60/112),X2=29.153,P＜0.001]which Was the"gold standard"for the identification of recurrence or metastases.In the anti-Tg antibodies(TgAb)positive DTC patients,the sensitivity of Tg mRNA was higher than that of serum Tg[86.54%(45/52)vs 0]in identifying recurrent or metastatic thyroid disease(X2=79.322,P＜0.001).There was a significantly positive correlation between Tg mRNA expression and the clinical stages(Kendall correlation coefficient=0.515,P＜0.001).There was no difference of Tg mRNA expression in peripheral blood among ages,sex,pathological types and location of metastases,respectively(Kendall correlation coefficient=0.020,0.069,0.050 and 0.028;all P＞0.05).Conclusions Circulating Tg mRNA is a more sensitive marker than serum Tg in identifying recurrent or metastatic DTC,particulady in patients during levo-thyroxine(l-T4)therapy and with TgAb-positive.The DTC patients who have positive expression of Tg mRNA indicates poor prognosis.

Through analysis and thinking of the common phenomenon of universities` sci-ence and technology managemen,and in light of one’s own practice of work and reform in the science and technology management,the paper is to enhance and improve the understanding of scientific research personnel,work out the concrete conditions and technological innovation of universities and attach weight to completeness and longterm of the scientific research.

Objective To explore the changes of urinary Trypsinogen Activation Peptide (TAP) levels in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP).Methods We observed the association between urinary TAP concentration and severity of acute pancreatitis with competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Urine samples were collected for TAP concentration at admission,24,48,and 72 h from 57 patients with AP who presented within 48 h of the onset of symptoms and from 11 control patients. Results The median urinary TAP at admission for severe acute pancreatitis(SAP) (98 nmol/L) was signficantly higher than the median for both mild pancreatitis (22 nmol/L,P0.05).The peak median urinary TAP in severe eroup was seen at admission.In the following days,TAP concentrations decreased graduallg.Conclusion Breakthrough activation of trypsinogen in pancreatic interstitial and blood may be the key event in the development of SAP.

Objective To investigate the effect of smoking on large arterial stiffness in patients with essential hypertensive.Methods The aortic,carotid and brachial arterial dimension,intimal-medial thickness were determined by vascular ultrasound technique.Wall cross sectional area and indices of compliance and distensibility were calculated in essential hypertensive patients with smoking(n=75) or without smoking(n=70).Results Hypertensive patients with smoking have increased wall intimal-medial thickness and wall cross sectional area in aortic,carotid and brachial arteries associated with decreased compliance and distensibility.After adjusting for the confounding effects of other variables including Age,BMI,HR,BP,PP,FPG,LDL-C and TG,covariance analysis show smoking remained as predisposed factors for vascular remodeling.Conclusion Smoking aggravates large arterial stiffness in essential hypertensive patients.

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of serum thyroglobulin autoantibody(TGAb) in thyroglobulin(TG)-negative and TGAb-positive patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma(DTC)after thyroid ablation and ascertain the optimal operating point(OOP)of TGAb.Methods A total of 169 patients with histologically confirmed DTC and thyroid remnant ablation showed TG-negative and TGAb-positive results which were assessed by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay(ECLIA).The cases were divided into group A(59 cases)and group B(110 cases)with or without evidence of recurrence or metastasis,respectively.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve and positive likelihood ratio of different threshold values were analysed according to their serum TGAb level.Results Serum TGAb level(1368?1343)IU/ml in group A was significantly higher than that(154?539)IU/ml in group B(P1000 IU/ml was 1.12 times that of 204 IU/ml≤TGAb≤1000 IU/ml,4.03 times that of 100 IU/ml≤TGAb