OBJECTIVEThe study was conducted to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of fibrinolytic therapy for femoral artery thrombosis after left cardiac catheterization in children.

METHODSThrombolytic therapy with urokinase was applied in 16 children (5 males) with femoral artery thrombosis after left cardiac catheterization. Patients were given a bolus injection of heparin, 100 U/kg. 30,000-100,000 U boluses of urokinase were injected intravenously, and then a continuous infusion of 10,000-50,000 U/h was started. Transcatheter thrombolysis was performed once previous procedures failed.

RESULTSAll 16 patients presented lower limbs ischemia after left cardiac catheterizations. The age was (2.6 +/- 1.9) years, the height was (85.3 +/- 13.1) cm, the weight was (11.2 +/- 3.8) kg. Patients with cyanotic and acyanotic congenital heart disease were 2 and 14, respectively. Interventional therapy was performed in 12 patients. Absent arterial pulsations were found in 15 patients and reduced arterial pulsation in 1 patient. Femoral arterial perfusion became normal in all patients (3 after transcatheter thrombolysis, 11 post intravenous thrombolysis and 2 post intravenous heparin). The average doses of heparin and urokinase were (950 +/- 682) U and (295,357 +/- 198,770) U. The average duration of therapy was (7.25 +/- 5.31) h. Mild residual stenosis were found in 2 patients post various treatments.

CONCLUSIONFibrinolytic therapy with urokinase is a safe and useful modality for children with femoral artery thrombosis after left cardiac catheterization.

Cardiac Catheterization ; adverse effects ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Femoral Artery ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Heparin ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; drug therapy ; Thrombolytic Therapy ; Thrombosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator ; therapeutic use