Hypoxia-inducible factor-α ( HIF-1α) is a regulatory protein in human body, which is closely related to the occurrence and development of cervical cancer. HIF-1α is an important factor affecting the radiosensitivity of cervical cancer. Many genes and proteins are involved in the regulation of radiosensitivity by HIF-1α. These genes and proteins are directly or indirectly affecting the efficacy of radiotherapy for cervical cancer. A lot of research is under way. This review summarizes the recent advances in genes and proteins associated with HIF-1α affecting radiosensitivity in cervical cancer.