ObjectiveToinvestigatethecorrelationbetweentheetiologicsubtypeandoutcomein patients w ith non-disabling ischemic cerebrovascular events (NICE). Methods The consecutive patients w ith NICE admitted to hospital within 7 days after onset were enroled prospectively and folowed for 90 days. Etiologic subtypes w ere classified according to the Chinese Ischemic Stroke Subclassification (CISS). Good outcome w as defined as modified Rankin Scale score 0-2. Multivariate logistic regression analysis w as used to identify the independent risk factors for stroke recurrence and poor outcomes. Results A total of 162 patients with NICE were enroled. According to CISS, 76 (46.9%) were classified into large artery atherosclerosis (LAA), 54 (33.3%) into penetrating artery disease (PAD), 15 (9.3%) into cardiogenic stroke (CS), 11 (6.8%) into undetermined etiology (UE), and 6 (3.7%) into other etiology (OE). A total of 30 patients (18.5%) had recurrent stroke w ithin 90 days and 42 (25.9%) had poor outcomes. The proportions of patients w ith diabetes (46.7%vs.20.5%;χ2 =8.885, P=0.003), previous stroke or transient ischemic attack (46.7%vs.25.0%;χ2 =5.572, P=0.018), CS (20.0%vs.6.8%;Fisher exact test:P=0.036) in the stroke recurrence group w ere significantly higher than those in the non-stroke recurrence group, and the proportion of PAD patients in the stroke recurrence group w as significantly low er than that in the non -stroke recurrence group ( 16.7%vs.37.1%; χ2 =4.602, P=0.032 ). Multivariate logistic regression analysis show ed that diabetes (odds ratio [OR] 2.137, 95%confidence interval [CI] 1.359-4.187;P=0.004) and CS (OR 5.236, 95%CI 2.326-10.256; P<0.001) w ere the independent risk factors for recurrent stroke of NICE. The proportions of patients w ith hypertension ( 83.3%vs.61.7%; χ2 =6.635, P=0.010 ), diabetes (40.5%vs.20.0%;χ2 =6.900, P=0.009), atrial fibrilation (35.7%vs.14.2%;χ2 =9.113, P=0.003) and CS ( 19.0%vs.5.8%; Fisher exact test: P= 0.017 ) in the poor outcome group w ere significantly higher than those in the good outcome group, and the proportion of PAD patients ( 16.7%vs. 39.2%;χ2 =7.088, P=0.008) in the poor outcome group w as significantly low er than that in the good outcome group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis show ed that diabetes ( OR 2.257, 95%CI 1.209-3.687; P=0.010), atrial fibrilation (OR 3.137, 95%CI 1.359-6.107, P=0.002), and CS (OR 6.123, 95%CI 2.026-12.256, P<0.001) w ere the independent risk factors for poor outcomes in patient w ith NICE. Conclusions The etiologic subtype is associated w ith the poor outcomes and recurrent stroke, and can provide reference for recurrence and clinical outcome assessment in patients w ith NICE.

Objective To investigate the predictive value of spontaneous cough in extubation patients with craniocerebral in‐jury in ICU .Methods Totally 78 cases of patients with severe craniocerebral injury in ICU was divided into successful exbuation group (53 cases) and failing exbuation group (25 cases) according to the exbuation outcome .With the permission of patients ,the general clinical data ,glasgow coma scale (GCS) scores and spontaneous cough of patients were recorded .Results There were 53 cases suceed ;25 cases of patients failing in exbuation ,accounting for 32 .05% .There were no significant difference between ages , gender ,medical history ,hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP) ,disease kind between two groups (P> 0 .05) ,while had significant difference between smoking ,body mass index (BMI)、GCS scores and spontaneous cough of two groups (P<0 .05) .No significant difference was found between the conventional exbuation parameter of two groups (P> 0 .05) .Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis showed that ,GCS scoresarea under the curve (AUC) was 0 .822 ,BMI AUC was 0 .674 ,spontaneous cough AUC was 0 .914 ,and smoking AUC was 0 .856 .Conclusion Smoking ,BMI and GCS scores and spontaneous cough times were all meaningful indices for evaluating exbuation of patients with craniocerebral injury in ICU ,in which spontaneous cough times was an important predictive factor and the most accurate one .

Objective Effects of aqueous extract from Lishi No.5 formula on concentration of intracellular free-calcium fluorescent intensity in neurons. Methods Hippocampus neurons of 1-day newborn SD rats were cultured with conventional culture technique. The cells cultured for 9-12 days were used for experiment. Intracellular free calcium fluorescent intensity of neurons cultured under different conditions was assayed with confocal microscopic calcium image technique after loading of Fluo-3/AM. Results Free-calcium concentration was enhanced by aqueous extract from Lishi No.5 formula, this concentration was up to 126.35?9.35nmol/L, but the concentration is at normal scope; L-type calcium channel blocker Nifedipine may block the effect of aqueous extract from Lishi No.5 formula enhancing intracellular free-calcium concentration in part, it make intracellular free-calcium concentration down to 90.75?10.15nmol/L, but Nifedipine itself also decreased markedly free-calcium concentration to 40.65?5.65nmol/L. NMDA increase Markedly calcium fluorescent intensity, the effects of NMDA was decreased notably after pre-treating with aqueous extract from Lishi No.5 formula. The effect of MK-801, an antagonist of NMDA receptor, on inhibition of NMDA increasing free calcium fluorescent intensity was significantly reduced after pretreatment of aqueous extract from Lishi No.5 formula. Conclusion Aqueous extract from Lishi No.5 formula maybe bidirectional adjust intracellular free calcium concentration via enhancing L-type calcium channel activity and blocking NMDA receptor in part.

Objective To study the effect of S2-protein from SARS coronavirus on the chloride channel currents in A549 cells and its possible cellular mechanisms. Methods The chloride channel currents were recorded in cultured A549 cells by using the whole-cell mode of patch clamp techniques. The experiments were divided into four groups: Control group: chloride channel currents were recorded in untreated A549 cells; S2 protein group: currents were recorded in A549 cells treated with S2 protein (final concentration 50?g/ml); calphostin C + S2 protein group: the effect of S2 protein on the currents in A549 cells pretreated with calphostin C (0.1mmol/L) for 10 minutes; SB203580+S2 protein group: the effect of S2 protein on the currents was examined with the solution containing SB203580 (20?mol/L). Results The currents of chloride channel in normal A549 cells showed outwardly rectifying properties and were insensitive to both TEA and amiloride, but were significantly inhibited both by SITS and DIDS (P

Objective To explore glycogen synthase kinase -3β( GSK-3β) activity and Toll-like receptor 4 ( TLR4 ) proteins expression of microglia were tested in vitro experiments, and the possible mechanism of postoperative cognitive dysfunction(POCD).Methods The cell morphology of primary culture microglia was observed by inverted microscope;microglia were identified by glial fibrillary acidic protein ( GFAP ) immunofluorescence;the best POCD modeling conditions of microglia injury induced by lipopolysaccharides( LPS) were screened ; microglia vigor was assayed by MTT ; the proteins expressions of GSK-3βand TLR4 of microglia were detected by Western blot.Results GFAP immunofluorescence showed a positive result that primary culture of rat microglia was successful;MTT result showed that the best PODC modeling conditions of microglia injury induced by LPS (100 ng/mL) was 7h; Western blot results showed that the preotein expressions of GSK-3βand TLR4 of microglial cells were up-regulated by LPS compared with the control group,and there were significantly differences (P<0.01).Conclusion PODC pathogenesis may be associated with LPS that could up-regulat the protein expression of GSK-3βand TLR4 in microglial cells.

Migraine is a common neurological disease.It involves complex neurological abnormalities.Recent advances in the neurophysiology of migraine have enabled us to explain some of the symptomatic problems and have contributed to the development of new targeted treatments that may change the way migraine treated in the future.Migraine treatment is individualized,in which preventive drug therapy also plays an important role.This article will discuss the new progress in the treatment of migraine,with emphasis on the new treatment of calcitonin gene-related peptide pathway.

To investigate the prediction of serum amyloid beta protein level on hemorrhage transformation in acute cerebral infarction and its related factors. Methods A total of 114 patients with acute cerebral infarction were selected from March 2021 to October 2021，and divided into HT group （41 cases） and control group （73 cases） according to whether the hemorrhage was transformed. The general basic information and serum amyloid beta protein level after admission were recorded，and the risk factors of hemorrhage transformation after cerebral infarction were analyzed. Results There were no significant differences in age，gender，history of atrial fibrillation，Hyc and LDL between the two groups （P> 0.05）.There were statistically significant differences in serum Aβ level，history of hypertension，history of diabetes，uric acid level and NHISS score（≥10 points） between the two groups （P< 0.05）. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that history of hypertension，serum uric acid level，NHISS score （≥10 points） and serum Aβ level were nonrisk factors for hemorrhage transformation of thrombolysis acute cerebral infarction. The difference of Aβ level between asymptomatic group and symptomatic group in HT group was statistically significant（P<0.05）. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of serum Aβ for predicting the risk of hemorrhage transformation after acute cerebral infarction was 0.909，the optimal cutoff value was 166.84ng/ml，the sensitivity was 87.8%，and the specificity was 79.5%. The results of appeal analysis suggest that serum Aβ level can also predict the severity of hemorrhage after transformation. Conclusion History of hypertension，high NHISS score after admission，elevated uric acid level and serum Aβ level in patients with acute cerebral infarction are the influencing factors of hemorrhage transformation.

[Objective] To observe the specific immune responses induced by the recombinant major outer membrane protein (rMOMP) vaccine against Chlamydia trachomatis E serotype in rhesus monkeys.[Methods] Six rhesus monkeys were equally divided into three groups:adjuvant and protein group vaccinated with purified rMOMP and Freund's adjuvants,adjuvant group immunized with Freund's adjuvants only,and control group immunized with phosphate buffer.All the rhesus monkeys were intramuscularly immunized in the triceps brachii for 3 times at a 2-week interval.Two weeks after the last vaccination,serum,vaginal wash and venous blood samples were collected from the rhesus monkeys,and lymphocytes were isolated from the blood samples.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to determine the specific IgG antibody and interferon level in sera and secretory IgA (sIgA) level in wash samples,and methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay to evaluate the proliferation of lymphocytes after stimulation with Chlaraydia trachomatis serotype E elementary bodies.Delayed hypersensitivity was observed in rhesus monkeys challenged by inactivated Chlamydia trachomatis serotype E elementary bodies.In vitro antibody neutralization assay was conducted with the serum from rhesus monkeys.Indirect immunofluorescenee was used to detect Chlamydia trachomatis in exfoliative vaginal cells from rhesus monkeys from week 1 to 10 after challenge with Chlamydia trachomatis.Data were statistically analyzed by using one-way analysis of variance and least significant difference (LSD) test with the SPSS 14.0 software.[Results] The adjuvant and protein group differed statistically from the adjuvant group and control group in the serum level of specific IgG antibody (1.718 ± 0.213 vs.0.841 ± 0.315 and 0.791 ±0.437,both P＜ 0.05),interferon ((1086 ± 121.730) ng/L vs.(409 + 53.440) ng/L and (162 ± 48.046) ng/L,both P＜ 0.05),lymphocyte proliferation index (7.012 ± 1.026 vs.4.473 ± 1.850 and 1A26 ± 1.104,both P＜0.01 ) and the diameter of nodus in delayed hypersensitivity assay ( ( 1 1 ± 2.134) mm vs.(3 ± 0.914) mm and 0,both P ＜ 0.01 ).After attack,the exfoliative cells kept positive for Chlamydia trachomatis in the adjuvant and protein group from week 1 to 5,and in the other 2 groups from week 1 to 10,but were negative in the adjuvant and protein group from week 6 to 10.[Conclusion] The rMOMP vaccine can induce a specific,protective,humoral and cellular immune response against Chlamydia tracbomatis in rhesus monkeys.

Objective To investigate the Influence of beta-thalassemia minor on four different HbA1c detection systems.Methods All 65 blood samples from March 2014 to August 2014 were collected from Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , and divided to normal control group ( 40 cases ) , no diabetic group(20 cases) and diabetic group (5 cases) combining with beta-thalassemia minor.The fresh mixed whole-blood samples were used for transferring value-assignment in order to improve the comparability of Bio-Rad variant ⅡTurbo, Primus Ultra2 ,Roche Modular PPI to Bio-Rad Variant Ⅱwhich was NGSP Ⅰlaboratory certificated.The whole-blood concentration of HbA 1c were measured by four detection systems . Differences between normal control group and no diabetic group were compared using the Independent Samples T Test.Then Taking the Primus Ultra 2 as comparable system and others as experimental system ,the HbA1c results from no diabetic group and diabetic group were compared by the standardization NGSP Ⅰlaboratory and statistical techniques of consistency test .Results Compared with Variant Ⅱ detection system, after transferring value-assignment, deviations of Variant Ⅱ, Modular PPI and Variant Ⅱ Turbo were -6%to +6%.The HbA1c testing results from normal control group and no diabetic group had no statistical significance (P>0.05).Linear regression analysis demonstrated that the correlation coefficient of Primus Ultra2 with Variant Ⅱ, Modular PPI, VariantⅡTurbo were 0.995, 0.999 and 0.995, respectively (P<0.01).The percentage deviation of the reference system and experimental system was -6.0% to+6.0%.Conclusion There was no obviously significant influence of beta-thalassemia minor on Bio-Rad Variant Ⅱ,Bio-Rad variant ⅡTurbo,Primus Ultra2,Roche Modular PPI detection systems.

Humans ; Dermatitis, Atopic/drug therapy* ; Resorcinols/therapeutic use* ; Stilbenes/therapeutic use* ; Double-Blind Method ; Treatment Outcome ; Severity of Illness Index